Evaluating Lattice Mechanical Properties for Lightweight Heat-Resistant Load-Bearing Structure Design
Heat-resistant, load-bearing components are common in aircraft, and they have high requirements for lightweight and mechanical performance. Lattice topology optimization can achieve high mechanical properties and obtain lightweight designs. Appropriate lattice selection is crucial when employing the...
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/21/4786 |
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| author | Xinglong Wang Cheng Wang Xin Zhou Di Wang Mingkang Zhang Yun Gao Lei Wang Peiyu Zhang |
| author_facet | Xinglong Wang Cheng Wang Xin Zhou Di Wang Mingkang Zhang Yun Gao Lei Wang Peiyu Zhang |
| author_sort | Xinglong Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Heat-resistant, load-bearing components are common in aircraft, and they have high requirements for lightweight and mechanical performance. Lattice topology optimization can achieve high mechanical properties and obtain lightweight designs. Appropriate lattice selection is crucial when employing the lattice topology optimization method. The mechanical properties of a structure can be optimized by choosing lattice structures suitable for the specific stress environment being endured by the structural components. Metal lattice structures exhibit excellent unidirectional load-bearing performance and the triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) porous structure can satisfy multi-scale free designs. Both lattice types can provide unique advantages; therefore, we designed three types of metal lattices (body-centered cubic (BCC), BCC with Z-struts (BCCZ), and honeycomb) and three types of TPMS lattices (gyroid, primitive, and I-Wrapped Package (I-WP)) combined with the solid shell. Each was designed with high level of relative density (40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, and 80%), which can be directly used in engineering practice. All test specimens were manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM) technology using Inconel 718 superalloy as the material and underwent static tensile testing. We found that the honeycomb test specimen exhibits the best strength, toughness, and stiffness properties among all structures evaluated, which is especially suitable for the lattice topology optimization design of heat-resistant, unidirectional load-bearing structures within aircraft. Furthermore, we also found an interesting phenomenon that the toughness of the primitive and honeycomb porous test specimens exhibited sudden increases from 70% to 80% and from 50% to 60% relative density, respectively, due to their structural characteristics. According to the range of the exponent value n and the deformation laws of porous structures, we also concluded that a porous structure would exhibit a stretching-dominated deformation behavior when exponent value n < 0.3, a bending-dominated deformation behavior when n > 0.55, and a stretching-bending-dominated deformation behavior when 0.3 < n < 0.55. This study can provide a design basis for selecting an appropriate lattice in lattice topology optimization design. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:18:38Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
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| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-4d48dddf64e544b2baf08d6d02064b182023-11-20T18:38:49ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442020-10-011321478610.3390/ma13214786Evaluating Lattice Mechanical Properties for Lightweight Heat-Resistant Load-Bearing Structure DesignXinglong Wang0Cheng Wang1Xin Zhou2Di Wang3Mingkang Zhang4Yun Gao5Lei Wang6Peiyu Zhang7Science and Technology on Plasma Dynamics Laboratory, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710038, ChinaScience and Technology on Plasma Dynamics Laboratory, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710038, ChinaScience and Technology on Plasma Dynamics Laboratory, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710038, ChinaSchool of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaSchool of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, ChinaXi’an Aerospace Mechatronics & Intelligent Manufacturing Co., LTD, Xi’an 710100, ChinaBasic Department, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710051, ChinaScience and Technology on Plasma Dynamics Laboratory, Air Force Engineering University, Xi’an 710038, ChinaHeat-resistant, load-bearing components are common in aircraft, and they have high requirements for lightweight and mechanical performance. Lattice topology optimization can achieve high mechanical properties and obtain lightweight designs. Appropriate lattice selection is crucial when employing the lattice topology optimization method. The mechanical properties of a structure can be optimized by choosing lattice structures suitable for the specific stress environment being endured by the structural components. Metal lattice structures exhibit excellent unidirectional load-bearing performance and the triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) porous structure can satisfy multi-scale free designs. Both lattice types can provide unique advantages; therefore, we designed three types of metal lattices (body-centered cubic (BCC), BCC with Z-struts (BCCZ), and honeycomb) and three types of TPMS lattices (gyroid, primitive, and I-Wrapped Package (I-WP)) combined with the solid shell. Each was designed with high level of relative density (40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, and 80%), which can be directly used in engineering practice. All test specimens were manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM) technology using Inconel 718 superalloy as the material and underwent static tensile testing. We found that the honeycomb test specimen exhibits the best strength, toughness, and stiffness properties among all structures evaluated, which is especially suitable for the lattice topology optimization design of heat-resistant, unidirectional load-bearing structures within aircraft. Furthermore, we also found an interesting phenomenon that the toughness of the primitive and honeycomb porous test specimens exhibited sudden increases from 70% to 80% and from 50% to 60% relative density, respectively, due to their structural characteristics. According to the range of the exponent value n and the deformation laws of porous structures, we also concluded that a porous structure would exhibit a stretching-dominated deformation behavior when exponent value n < 0.3, a bending-dominated deformation behavior when n > 0.55, and a stretching-bending-dominated deformation behavior when 0.3 < n < 0.55. This study can provide a design basis for selecting an appropriate lattice in lattice topology optimization design.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/21/4786lattice mechanical propertieslattice topology optimizationheat-resistant load-bearing structuremetal lattice structuretriply periodic minimal surfaceselective laser melting |
| spellingShingle | Xinglong Wang Cheng Wang Xin Zhou Di Wang Mingkang Zhang Yun Gao Lei Wang Peiyu Zhang Evaluating Lattice Mechanical Properties for Lightweight Heat-Resistant Load-Bearing Structure Design Materials lattice mechanical properties lattice topology optimization heat-resistant load-bearing structure metal lattice structure triply periodic minimal surface selective laser melting |
| title | Evaluating Lattice Mechanical Properties for Lightweight Heat-Resistant Load-Bearing Structure Design |
| title_full | Evaluating Lattice Mechanical Properties for Lightweight Heat-Resistant Load-Bearing Structure Design |
| title_fullStr | Evaluating Lattice Mechanical Properties for Lightweight Heat-Resistant Load-Bearing Structure Design |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluating Lattice Mechanical Properties for Lightweight Heat-Resistant Load-Bearing Structure Design |
| title_short | Evaluating Lattice Mechanical Properties for Lightweight Heat-Resistant Load-Bearing Structure Design |
| title_sort | evaluating lattice mechanical properties for lightweight heat resistant load bearing structure design |
| topic | lattice mechanical properties lattice topology optimization heat-resistant load-bearing structure metal lattice structure triply periodic minimal surface selective laser melting |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/21/4786 |
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