Low-surface-brightness Galaxies are Missing in the Observed Stellar Mass Function
We investigate the impact of the surface-brightness (SB) limit on the galaxy stellar mass functions (GSMFs) using galaxy catalogs generated from the Horizon Run 5 ( HR5 ) simulation. We compare the stellar-to-halo-mass relation, GSMF, and size–stellar mass relation of the HR5 galaxies with observati...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acd251 |
| _version_ | 1797698957861715968 |
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| author | Juhan Kim Jaehyun Lee Clotilde Laigle Yohan Dubois Yonghwi Kim Changbom Park Christophe Pichon Brad K. Gibson C. Gareth Few Jihye Shin Owain Snaith |
| author_facet | Juhan Kim Jaehyun Lee Clotilde Laigle Yohan Dubois Yonghwi Kim Changbom Park Christophe Pichon Brad K. Gibson C. Gareth Few Jihye Shin Owain Snaith |
| author_sort | Juhan Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We investigate the impact of the surface-brightness (SB) limit on the galaxy stellar mass functions (GSMFs) using galaxy catalogs generated from the Horizon Run 5 ( HR5 ) simulation. We compare the stellar-to-halo-mass relation, GSMF, and size–stellar mass relation of the HR5 galaxies with observational data and other cosmological simulations. The mean SB of simulated galaxies are computed using their effective radii, luminosities, and colors. To examine the cosmic SB dimming effect, we compute k -corrections from the spectral energy distributions of individual simulated galaxy at each redshift, apply the k -corrections to the galaxies, and conduct mock surveys based on the various SB limits. We find that the GSMFs are significantly affected by the SB limits at the low-mass end. This approach can ease the discrepancy between the GSMFs obtained from simulations and observations at 0.6 ≲ z ≤ 2. We also find that a redshift survey with an SB selection limit of ${\left\langle {\mu }_{r}\right\rangle }^{e}=$ 25 mag arcsec ^−2 will miss 20% of galaxies with ${M}_{\star }^{g}={10}^{9}\,{M}_{\odot }$ at z = 0.625. The missing fraction of low-surface-brightness galaxies increases to 35%, 55%, and 80% at z = 0.9, 1.1, and 1.9, respectively, at the same SB limit. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T04:01:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4d53c83863b44f07bb538e8b07516465 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T04:01:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-4d53c83863b44f07bb538e8b075164652023-09-03T11:33:01ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572023-01-01951213710.3847/1538-4357/acd251Low-surface-brightness Galaxies are Missing in the Observed Stellar Mass FunctionJuhan Kim0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4391-2275Jaehyun Lee1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6810-1778Clotilde Laigle2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4446-3130Yohan Dubois3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0225-6387Yonghwi Kim4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4164-5414Changbom Park5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9521-6397Christophe Pichon6https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0695-6735Brad K. Gibson7https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4446-3130C. Gareth Few8Jihye Shin9https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5135-1693Owain Snaith10Center for Advanced Computation, Korea Institute for Advanced Study , 85 Hoegiro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02455, Republic of KoreaKorea Institute for Advanced Study , 85 Hoegi-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02455, Republic of Korea ; syncphy@gmail.comCNRS and Sorbonne Université , UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, 98 bis, Boulevard Arago, F-75014 Paris, FranceCNRS and Sorbonne Université , UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, 98 bis, Boulevard Arago, F-75014 Paris, FranceKorea Institute for Advanced Study , 85 Hoegi-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02455, Republic of Korea ; syncphy@gmail.com; Department of Astronomy, Yonsei University , 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of KoreaKorea Institute for Advanced Study , 85 Hoegi-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02455, Republic of Korea ; syncphy@gmail.comKorea Institute for Advanced Study , 85 Hoegi-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02455, Republic of Korea ; syncphy@gmail.com; CNRS and Sorbonne Université , UMR 7095, Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, 98 bis, Boulevard Arago, F-75014 Paris, France; IPhT, DRF-INP, UMR 3680, CEA, L’Orme des Merisiers, Bât 774, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceE.A. Milne Centre for Astrophysics, University of Hull , Hull, HU6 7RX, UKE.A. Milne Centre for Astrophysics, University of Hull , Hull, HU6 7RX, UKKorea Astronomy and Space Science Institute , 776 Daedeokdae-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34055, Republic of KoreaUniversity of Exeter , School of Physics and Astronomy, Stocker Road, Exeter, EX4 4QL, UKWe investigate the impact of the surface-brightness (SB) limit on the galaxy stellar mass functions (GSMFs) using galaxy catalogs generated from the Horizon Run 5 ( HR5 ) simulation. We compare the stellar-to-halo-mass relation, GSMF, and size–stellar mass relation of the HR5 galaxies with observational data and other cosmological simulations. The mean SB of simulated galaxies are computed using their effective radii, luminosities, and colors. To examine the cosmic SB dimming effect, we compute k -corrections from the spectral energy distributions of individual simulated galaxy at each redshift, apply the k -corrections to the galaxies, and conduct mock surveys based on the various SB limits. We find that the GSMFs are significantly affected by the SB limits at the low-mass end. This approach can ease the discrepancy between the GSMFs obtained from simulations and observations at 0.6 ≲ z ≤ 2. We also find that a redshift survey with an SB selection limit of ${\left\langle {\mu }_{r}\right\rangle }^{e}=$ 25 mag arcsec ^−2 will miss 20% of galaxies with ${M}_{\star }^{g}={10}^{9}\,{M}_{\odot }$ at z = 0.625. The missing fraction of low-surface-brightness galaxies increases to 35%, 55%, and 80% at z = 0.9, 1.1, and 1.9, respectively, at the same SB limit.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acd251Hydrodynamical simulations |
| spellingShingle | Juhan Kim Jaehyun Lee Clotilde Laigle Yohan Dubois Yonghwi Kim Changbom Park Christophe Pichon Brad K. Gibson C. Gareth Few Jihye Shin Owain Snaith Low-surface-brightness Galaxies are Missing in the Observed Stellar Mass Function The Astrophysical Journal Hydrodynamical simulations |
| title | Low-surface-brightness Galaxies are Missing in the Observed Stellar Mass Function |
| title_full | Low-surface-brightness Galaxies are Missing in the Observed Stellar Mass Function |
| title_fullStr | Low-surface-brightness Galaxies are Missing in the Observed Stellar Mass Function |
| title_full_unstemmed | Low-surface-brightness Galaxies are Missing in the Observed Stellar Mass Function |
| title_short | Low-surface-brightness Galaxies are Missing in the Observed Stellar Mass Function |
| title_sort | low surface brightness galaxies are missing in the observed stellar mass function |
| topic | Hydrodynamical simulations |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acd251 |
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