Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell and Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Co-Culture to Prevascularize Scaffolds for Angiogenic and Osteogenic Tissue Engineering
(1) Background: Vascularization remains a critical challenge in bone tissue engineering. The objective of this study was to prevascularize calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffold by co-culturing human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (hUVECs) for t...
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/22/12363 |
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| author | Zeqing Zhao Yaxi Sun Qingchen Qiao Li Zhang Xianju Xie Michael D. Weir Abraham Schneider Hockin H. K. Xu Ning Zhang Ke Zhang Yuxing Bai |
| author_facet | Zeqing Zhao Yaxi Sun Qingchen Qiao Li Zhang Xianju Xie Michael D. Weir Abraham Schneider Hockin H. K. Xu Ning Zhang Ke Zhang Yuxing Bai |
| author_sort | Zeqing Zhao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: Vascularization remains a critical challenge in bone tissue engineering. The objective of this study was to prevascularize calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffold by co-culturing human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (hUVECs) for the first time; (2) Methods: hPDLSCs and/or hUVECs were seeded on CPC scaffolds. Three groups were tested: (i) hUVEC group (hUVECs on CPC); (ii) hPDLSC group (hPDLSCs on CPC); (iii) co-culture group (hPDLSCs + hUVECs on CPC). Osteogenic differentiation, bone mineral synthesis, and microcapillary-like structures were evaluated; (3) Results: Angiogenic gene expressions of co-culture group were 6–9 fold those of monoculture. vWF expression of co-culture group was 3 times lower than hUVEC-monoculture group. Osteogenic expressions of co-culture group were 2–3 folds those of the hPDLSC-monoculture group. ALP activity and bone mineral synthesis of co-culture were much higher than hPDLSC-monoculture group. Co-culture group formed capillary-like structures at 14–21 days. Vessel length and junction numbers increased with time; (4) Conclusions: The hUVECs + hPDLSCs co-culture on CPC scaffold achieved excellent osteogenic and angiogenic capability in vitro for the first time, generating prevascularized networks. The hPDLSCs + hUVECs co-culture had much better osteogenesis and angiogenesis than monoculture. CPC scaffolds prevacularized via hPDLSCs + hUVECs are promising for dental, craniofacial, and orthopedic applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:25:32Z |
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| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:25:32Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-4d5b75543d214674868c0c4696ec95002023-11-22T23:41:07ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-11-0122221236310.3390/ijms222212363Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell and Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Co-Culture to Prevascularize Scaffolds for Angiogenic and Osteogenic Tissue EngineeringZeqing Zhao0Yaxi Sun1Qingchen Qiao2Li Zhang3Xianju Xie4Michael D. Weir5Abraham Schneider6Hockin H. K. Xu7Ning Zhang8Ke Zhang9Yuxing Bai10Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, ChinaDepartment of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, ChinaDepartment of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, ChinaDepartment of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, ChinaDepartment of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, ChinaBiomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USADepartment of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD 21201, USABiomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USADepartment of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, ChinaDepartment of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, ChinaDepartment of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China(1) Background: Vascularization remains a critical challenge in bone tissue engineering. The objective of this study was to prevascularize calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffold by co-culturing human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (hUVECs) for the first time; (2) Methods: hPDLSCs and/or hUVECs were seeded on CPC scaffolds. Three groups were tested: (i) hUVEC group (hUVECs on CPC); (ii) hPDLSC group (hPDLSCs on CPC); (iii) co-culture group (hPDLSCs + hUVECs on CPC). Osteogenic differentiation, bone mineral synthesis, and microcapillary-like structures were evaluated; (3) Results: Angiogenic gene expressions of co-culture group were 6–9 fold those of monoculture. vWF expression of co-culture group was 3 times lower than hUVEC-monoculture group. Osteogenic expressions of co-culture group were 2–3 folds those of the hPDLSC-monoculture group. ALP activity and bone mineral synthesis of co-culture were much higher than hPDLSC-monoculture group. Co-culture group formed capillary-like structures at 14–21 days. Vessel length and junction numbers increased with time; (4) Conclusions: The hUVECs + hPDLSCs co-culture on CPC scaffold achieved excellent osteogenic and angiogenic capability in vitro for the first time, generating prevascularized networks. The hPDLSCs + hUVECs co-culture had much better osteogenesis and angiogenesis than monoculture. CPC scaffolds prevacularized via hPDLSCs + hUVECs are promising for dental, craniofacial, and orthopedic applications.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/22/12363prevascularizationcalcium phosphate scaffoldco-culturehuman periodontal ligament stem cellsendothelial cellsbone tissue engineering |
| spellingShingle | Zeqing Zhao Yaxi Sun Qingchen Qiao Li Zhang Xianju Xie Michael D. Weir Abraham Schneider Hockin H. K. Xu Ning Zhang Ke Zhang Yuxing Bai Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell and Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Co-Culture to Prevascularize Scaffolds for Angiogenic and Osteogenic Tissue Engineering International Journal of Molecular Sciences prevascularization calcium phosphate scaffold co-culture human periodontal ligament stem cells endothelial cells bone tissue engineering |
| title | Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell and Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Co-Culture to Prevascularize Scaffolds for Angiogenic and Osteogenic Tissue Engineering |
| title_full | Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell and Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Co-Culture to Prevascularize Scaffolds for Angiogenic and Osteogenic Tissue Engineering |
| title_fullStr | Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell and Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Co-Culture to Prevascularize Scaffolds for Angiogenic and Osteogenic Tissue Engineering |
| title_full_unstemmed | Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell and Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Co-Culture to Prevascularize Scaffolds for Angiogenic and Osteogenic Tissue Engineering |
| title_short | Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell and Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Co-Culture to Prevascularize Scaffolds for Angiogenic and Osteogenic Tissue Engineering |
| title_sort | human periodontal ligament stem cell and umbilical vein endothelial cell co culture to prevascularize scaffolds for angiogenic and osteogenic tissue engineering |
| topic | prevascularization calcium phosphate scaffold co-culture human periodontal ligament stem cells endothelial cells bone tissue engineering |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/22/12363 |
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