Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Georgia.
This study investigated the transmission and prevalence of Leishmania parasite infection of humans in two foci of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) in Georgia, the well known focus in Tbilisi in the East, and in Kutaisi, a new focus in the West of the country. The seroprevalence of canine leishmaniasis wa...
| Główni autorzy: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Artykuł |
| Język: | English |
| Wydane: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2014-03-01
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| Seria: | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| Dostęp online: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3945224?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1831839047476051968 |
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| author | Giorgi Babuadze Jorge Alvar Daniel Argaw Harry P de Koning Merab Iosava Merab Kekelidze Nikoloz Tsertsvadze David Tsereteli Giorgi Chakhunashvili Tamar Mamatsashvili Nino Beria Irine Kalandadze Mikhail Ejov Paata Imnadze |
| author_facet | Giorgi Babuadze Jorge Alvar Daniel Argaw Harry P de Koning Merab Iosava Merab Kekelidze Nikoloz Tsertsvadze David Tsereteli Giorgi Chakhunashvili Tamar Mamatsashvili Nino Beria Irine Kalandadze Mikhail Ejov Paata Imnadze |
| author_sort | Giorgi Babuadze |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study investigated the transmission and prevalence of Leishmania parasite infection of humans in two foci of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) in Georgia, the well known focus in Tbilisi in the East, and in Kutaisi, a new focus in the West of the country. The seroprevalence of canine leishmaniasis was investigated in order to understand the zoonotic transmission. Blood samples of 1575 dogs (stray and pet) and 77 wild canids were tested for VL by Kalazar Detect rK39 rapid diagnostic tests. Three districts were investigated in Tbilisi and one in Kutaisi. The highest proportions of seropositive pet dogs were present in District #2 (28.1%, 82/292) and District #1 (26.9%, 24/89) in Tbilisi, compared to 17.3% (26/150) of pet dogs in Kutaisi. The percentage of seropositive stray dogs was also twice as high in Tbilisi (16.1%, n = 670) than in Kutaisi (8%, n = 50); only 2/58 wild animals screened were seropositive (2. 6%). A total of 873 Phlebotomine sand flies were collected, with 5 different species identified in Tbilisi and 3 species in Kutaisi; 2.3% of the females were positive for Leishmania parasites. The Leishmanin Skin Test (LST) was performed on 981 human subjects in VL foci in urban areas in Tbilisi and Kutaisi. A particularly high prevalence of LST positives was observed in Tbilisi District #1 (22.2%, 37.5% and 19.5% for ages 5-9, 15-24 and 25-59, respectively); lower prevalence was observed in Kutaisi (0%, 3.2% and 5.2%, respectively; P<0.05). This study shows that Tbilisi is an active focus for leishmaniasis and that the infection prevalence is very high in dogs and in humans. Although exposure is as yet not as high in Kutaisi, this is a new VL focus. The overall situation in the country is alarming and new control measures are urgently needed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T05:47:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4d71d2bc7cd340fa8fbf28f621affdc4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1935-2727 1935-2735 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T05:47:06Z |
| publishDate | 2014-03-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-4d71d2bc7cd340fa8fbf28f621affdc42022-12-21T17:58:04ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases1935-27271935-27352014-03-0183e272510.1371/journal.pntd.0002725Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Georgia.Giorgi BabuadzeJorge AlvarDaniel ArgawHarry P de KoningMerab IosavaMerab KekelidzeNikoloz TsertsvadzeDavid TsereteliGiorgi ChakhunashviliTamar MamatsashviliNino BeriaIrine KalandadzeMikhail EjovPaata ImnadzeThis study investigated the transmission and prevalence of Leishmania parasite infection of humans in two foci of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) in Georgia, the well known focus in Tbilisi in the East, and in Kutaisi, a new focus in the West of the country. The seroprevalence of canine leishmaniasis was investigated in order to understand the zoonotic transmission. Blood samples of 1575 dogs (stray and pet) and 77 wild canids were tested for VL by Kalazar Detect rK39 rapid diagnostic tests. Three districts were investigated in Tbilisi and one in Kutaisi. The highest proportions of seropositive pet dogs were present in District #2 (28.1%, 82/292) and District #1 (26.9%, 24/89) in Tbilisi, compared to 17.3% (26/150) of pet dogs in Kutaisi. The percentage of seropositive stray dogs was also twice as high in Tbilisi (16.1%, n = 670) than in Kutaisi (8%, n = 50); only 2/58 wild animals screened were seropositive (2. 6%). A total of 873 Phlebotomine sand flies were collected, with 5 different species identified in Tbilisi and 3 species in Kutaisi; 2.3% of the females were positive for Leishmania parasites. The Leishmanin Skin Test (LST) was performed on 981 human subjects in VL foci in urban areas in Tbilisi and Kutaisi. A particularly high prevalence of LST positives was observed in Tbilisi District #1 (22.2%, 37.5% and 19.5% for ages 5-9, 15-24 and 25-59, respectively); lower prevalence was observed in Kutaisi (0%, 3.2% and 5.2%, respectively; P<0.05). This study shows that Tbilisi is an active focus for leishmaniasis and that the infection prevalence is very high in dogs and in humans. Although exposure is as yet not as high in Kutaisi, this is a new VL focus. The overall situation in the country is alarming and new control measures are urgently needed.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3945224?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Giorgi Babuadze Jorge Alvar Daniel Argaw Harry P de Koning Merab Iosava Merab Kekelidze Nikoloz Tsertsvadze David Tsereteli Giorgi Chakhunashvili Tamar Mamatsashvili Nino Beria Irine Kalandadze Mikhail Ejov Paata Imnadze Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Georgia. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| title | Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Georgia. |
| title_full | Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Georgia. |
| title_fullStr | Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Georgia. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Georgia. |
| title_short | Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in Georgia. |
| title_sort | epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in georgia |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3945224?pdf=render |
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