Higher intakes of fiber, total vegetables, and fruits may attenuate the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality: findings from a large prospective cohort study
Abstract Background Although studies have reported an inverse association between fruits, vegetables, and fiber consumption and all-cause and cause-specific mortality, the issue remains incompletely defined in the Middle Eastern population. Aims The current study aimed to investigate the association...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2023-11-01
|
| Series: | Nutrition Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-023-00883-4 |
| _version_ | 1797577946517471232 |
|---|---|
| author | Zeinab Ghorbani Morvarid Noormohammadi Asma Kazemi Hossein Poustchi Akram Pourshams Fahimeh Martami Maryam Hashemian Reza Malekzadeh Azita Hekmatdoost |
| author_facet | Zeinab Ghorbani Morvarid Noormohammadi Asma Kazemi Hossein Poustchi Akram Pourshams Fahimeh Martami Maryam Hashemian Reza Malekzadeh Azita Hekmatdoost |
| author_sort | Zeinab Ghorbani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Although studies have reported an inverse association between fruits, vegetables, and fiber consumption and all-cause and cause-specific mortality, the issue remains incompletely defined in the Middle Eastern population. Aims The current study aimed to investigate the association between dietary fiber, fruit, and vegetable intake and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Methods A total of 48632 participants (mean age = 52years), 57.5% (n = 27974) women and 42.5% (n = 20658) men, were recruited from an ongoing large-scale prospective cohort study (the Golestan Cohort Study (GCS)), in the north of Iran. Using a validated semi-quantitative 116-item food questionnaire, dietary intakes were collected. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) of all-cause and cause-specific mortality were reported. Results After approximately 14 years of follow-up, 10,774 deaths were recorded. In the fully adjusted model, compared to those in the lowest quintile of intake, those in the second and third quintiles of dietary fiber intake had a 7%-10% reduction in risk of all-cause mortality, and a 15%-17% reduction in the risk of mortality from other causes. Increasing consumption of fruits was also associated with a decreased risk of mortality for all-cause mortality by 9%-11%, and all cancer by 15–20%. Further, those in the third and fourth quintiles of vegetables intake had 11%-12% lower risk for CVD mortality. Discussion The results from the GCS further support the current recommendations on following a healthy diet containing proper amounts of fiber, vegetables, and fruits, as health-protective dietary items. Conclusions Higher intake of dietary fiber, fruits, and vegetables has the potential to reduce both overall and cause-specific mortality rates. However, additional cohort studies with larger sample size and long-term follow-up durations are required to establish these findings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:16:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4d76f0f10bdf4eb1830efaf41cfe8b84 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-2891 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:16:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrition Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-4d76f0f10bdf4eb1830efaf41cfe8b842023-11-19T12:26:42ZengBMCNutrition Journal1475-28912023-11-0122111810.1186/s12937-023-00883-4Higher intakes of fiber, total vegetables, and fruits may attenuate the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality: findings from a large prospective cohort studyZeinab Ghorbani0Morvarid Noormohammadi1Asma Kazemi2Hossein Poustchi3Akram Pourshams4Fahimeh Martami5Maryam Hashemian6Reza Malekzadeh7Azita Hekmatdoost8Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical SciencesDigestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical SciencesNutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical SciencesDigestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDigestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical SciencesSchool of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical SciencesSchool of Arts & Sciences, Utica UniversityDigestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical SciencesDigestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background Although studies have reported an inverse association between fruits, vegetables, and fiber consumption and all-cause and cause-specific mortality, the issue remains incompletely defined in the Middle Eastern population. Aims The current study aimed to investigate the association between dietary fiber, fruit, and vegetable intake and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Methods A total of 48632 participants (mean age = 52years), 57.5% (n = 27974) women and 42.5% (n = 20658) men, were recruited from an ongoing large-scale prospective cohort study (the Golestan Cohort Study (GCS)), in the north of Iran. Using a validated semi-quantitative 116-item food questionnaire, dietary intakes were collected. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) of all-cause and cause-specific mortality were reported. Results After approximately 14 years of follow-up, 10,774 deaths were recorded. In the fully adjusted model, compared to those in the lowest quintile of intake, those in the second and third quintiles of dietary fiber intake had a 7%-10% reduction in risk of all-cause mortality, and a 15%-17% reduction in the risk of mortality from other causes. Increasing consumption of fruits was also associated with a decreased risk of mortality for all-cause mortality by 9%-11%, and all cancer by 15–20%. Further, those in the third and fourth quintiles of vegetables intake had 11%-12% lower risk for CVD mortality. Discussion The results from the GCS further support the current recommendations on following a healthy diet containing proper amounts of fiber, vegetables, and fruits, as health-protective dietary items. Conclusions Higher intake of dietary fiber, fruits, and vegetables has the potential to reduce both overall and cause-specific mortality rates. However, additional cohort studies with larger sample size and long-term follow-up durations are required to establish these findings.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-023-00883-4Death riskDietary fiberCardiovascular disordersCancerGolestan cohort study |
| spellingShingle | Zeinab Ghorbani Morvarid Noormohammadi Asma Kazemi Hossein Poustchi Akram Pourshams Fahimeh Martami Maryam Hashemian Reza Malekzadeh Azita Hekmatdoost Higher intakes of fiber, total vegetables, and fruits may attenuate the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality: findings from a large prospective cohort study Nutrition Journal Death risk Dietary fiber Cardiovascular disorders Cancer Golestan cohort study |
| title | Higher intakes of fiber, total vegetables, and fruits may attenuate the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality: findings from a large prospective cohort study |
| title_full | Higher intakes of fiber, total vegetables, and fruits may attenuate the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality: findings from a large prospective cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Higher intakes of fiber, total vegetables, and fruits may attenuate the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality: findings from a large prospective cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Higher intakes of fiber, total vegetables, and fruits may attenuate the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality: findings from a large prospective cohort study |
| title_short | Higher intakes of fiber, total vegetables, and fruits may attenuate the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality: findings from a large prospective cohort study |
| title_sort | higher intakes of fiber total vegetables and fruits may attenuate the risk of all cause and cause specific mortality findings from a large prospective cohort study |
| topic | Death risk Dietary fiber Cardiovascular disorders Cancer Golestan cohort study |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-023-00883-4 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zeinabghorbani higherintakesoffibertotalvegetablesandfruitsmayattenuatetheriskofallcauseandcausespecificmortalityfindingsfromalargeprospectivecohortstudy AT morvaridnoormohammadi higherintakesoffibertotalvegetablesandfruitsmayattenuatetheriskofallcauseandcausespecificmortalityfindingsfromalargeprospectivecohortstudy AT asmakazemi higherintakesoffibertotalvegetablesandfruitsmayattenuatetheriskofallcauseandcausespecificmortalityfindingsfromalargeprospectivecohortstudy AT hosseinpoustchi higherintakesoffibertotalvegetablesandfruitsmayattenuatetheriskofallcauseandcausespecificmortalityfindingsfromalargeprospectivecohortstudy AT akrampourshams higherintakesoffibertotalvegetablesandfruitsmayattenuatetheriskofallcauseandcausespecificmortalityfindingsfromalargeprospectivecohortstudy AT fahimehmartami higherintakesoffibertotalvegetablesandfruitsmayattenuatetheriskofallcauseandcausespecificmortalityfindingsfromalargeprospectivecohortstudy AT maryamhashemian higherintakesoffibertotalvegetablesandfruitsmayattenuatetheriskofallcauseandcausespecificmortalityfindingsfromalargeprospectivecohortstudy AT rezamalekzadeh higherintakesoffibertotalvegetablesandfruitsmayattenuatetheriskofallcauseandcausespecificmortalityfindingsfromalargeprospectivecohortstudy AT azitahekmatdoost higherintakesoffibertotalvegetablesandfruitsmayattenuatetheriskofallcauseandcausespecificmortalityfindingsfromalargeprospectivecohortstudy |