Expression of glypican 3 in placental site trophoblastic tumor
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a membrane-bound heparan sulfate proteoglycan that functions in embryonic cell growth and differentiation and is highly expressed in the placenta. GPC3 is mutated in Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome, which is chara...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2010-09-01
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| Series: | Diagnostic Pathology |
| Online Access: | http://www.diagnosticpathology.org/content/5/1/64 |
| _version_ | 1811285992771944448 |
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| author | Yang Ximing J Hui Pei Ou-Yang Robin J Zynger Debra L |
| author_facet | Yang Ximing J Hui Pei Ou-Yang Robin J Zynger Debra L |
| author_sort | Yang Ximing J |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a membrane-bound heparan sulfate proteoglycan that functions in embryonic cell growth and differentiation and is highly expressed in the placenta. GPC3 is mutated in Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome, which is characterized by tissue overgrowth and an increased risk of embryonal malignancies. GPC3 has also been implicated in sporadic cancer, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma, for which it has been shown to be a useful diagnostic marker. Although GPC3 expression has been studied in non-neoplastic placental tissue, its presence in gestational trophoblastic diseases has not been previously explored. The purpose of this study was to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of GPC3 in placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT), a very rare gestational trophoblastic neoplasm which may be morphologically confused with non-trophoblastic tumors, and to assess its possible utility as a diagnostic marker.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Fifteen cases of PSTT, as well as samples from placental site nodule (PSN) (n = 2), leiomyosarcoma (n = 1), leiomyoma (n = 1), invasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma (n = 7) and endometrial adenocarcinoma (n = 11) were examined. Immunoreactivity was semi-quantitatively evaluated as negative (0, < 5% of cells stained), focally positive (1+, 5-10% of cells stained), positive (2+, 11-50% of cells stained) or diffusely positive (3+, > 50% of cells stained). Staining intensity for each subtype was graded from 0 to 3 and a mean intensity was calculated.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Eighty percent of PSTT (12/15) were immunoreactive for GPC3 (0, 20; 1+, 20%; 2+, 40%; 3+, 20%) with a mean intensity of 1.3. Stronger, predominately cytoplasmic staining was seen in larger multi- and mononucleated cells with smaller mononucleate cells showing weak muddy cytoplasmic staining. Both PSN cases were positive (1+, 50%; 2+, 50%) and two of nine invasive cervical squamous cell carcinomas showed staining (0, 57%; 1+, 29%; 2+, 14%), predominately in a basal distribution. Other uterine tumors and non-neoplastic tissues were negative.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Identification of GPC3 in PSTT and PSN is consistent with the derivation of these lesions from intermediate trophoblasts, which have been described to express GPC3. GPC3 may be a useful adjunct immunohistochemical marker in differentiating PSTT from non-trophoblastic tumors.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T02:53:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4d7e113cf95842abb03d55cedc77e678 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1746-1596 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T02:53:08Z |
| publishDate | 2010-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diagnostic Pathology |
| spelling | doaj.art-4d7e113cf95842abb03d55cedc77e6782022-12-22T03:05:48ZengBMCDiagnostic Pathology1746-15962010-09-01516410.1186/1746-1596-5-64Expression of glypican 3 in placental site trophoblastic tumorYang Ximing JHui PeiOu-Yang Robin JZynger Debra L<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a membrane-bound heparan sulfate proteoglycan that functions in embryonic cell growth and differentiation and is highly expressed in the placenta. GPC3 is mutated in Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome, which is characterized by tissue overgrowth and an increased risk of embryonal malignancies. GPC3 has also been implicated in sporadic cancer, particularly hepatocellular carcinoma, for which it has been shown to be a useful diagnostic marker. Although GPC3 expression has been studied in non-neoplastic placental tissue, its presence in gestational trophoblastic diseases has not been previously explored. The purpose of this study was to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of GPC3 in placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT), a very rare gestational trophoblastic neoplasm which may be morphologically confused with non-trophoblastic tumors, and to assess its possible utility as a diagnostic marker.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Fifteen cases of PSTT, as well as samples from placental site nodule (PSN) (n = 2), leiomyosarcoma (n = 1), leiomyoma (n = 1), invasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma (n = 7) and endometrial adenocarcinoma (n = 11) were examined. Immunoreactivity was semi-quantitatively evaluated as negative (0, < 5% of cells stained), focally positive (1+, 5-10% of cells stained), positive (2+, 11-50% of cells stained) or diffusely positive (3+, > 50% of cells stained). Staining intensity for each subtype was graded from 0 to 3 and a mean intensity was calculated.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Eighty percent of PSTT (12/15) were immunoreactive for GPC3 (0, 20; 1+, 20%; 2+, 40%; 3+, 20%) with a mean intensity of 1.3. Stronger, predominately cytoplasmic staining was seen in larger multi- and mononucleated cells with smaller mononucleate cells showing weak muddy cytoplasmic staining. Both PSN cases were positive (1+, 50%; 2+, 50%) and two of nine invasive cervical squamous cell carcinomas showed staining (0, 57%; 1+, 29%; 2+, 14%), predominately in a basal distribution. Other uterine tumors and non-neoplastic tissues were negative.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Identification of GPC3 in PSTT and PSN is consistent with the derivation of these lesions from intermediate trophoblasts, which have been described to express GPC3. GPC3 may be a useful adjunct immunohistochemical marker in differentiating PSTT from non-trophoblastic tumors.</p>http://www.diagnosticpathology.org/content/5/1/64 |
| spellingShingle | Yang Ximing J Hui Pei Ou-Yang Robin J Zynger Debra L Expression of glypican 3 in placental site trophoblastic tumor Diagnostic Pathology |
| title | Expression of glypican 3 in placental site trophoblastic tumor |
| title_full | Expression of glypican 3 in placental site trophoblastic tumor |
| title_fullStr | Expression of glypican 3 in placental site trophoblastic tumor |
| title_full_unstemmed | Expression of glypican 3 in placental site trophoblastic tumor |
| title_short | Expression of glypican 3 in placental site trophoblastic tumor |
| title_sort | expression of glypican 3 in placental site trophoblastic tumor |
| url | http://www.diagnosticpathology.org/content/5/1/64 |
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