Chemical Characterization and Biological Evaluation of <i>Epilobium parviflorum</i> Extracts in an In Vitro Model of Human Malignant Melanoma
Malignant melanoma is an aggressive type of skin cancer characterised by high metastatic capacity and mortality rate. On the other hand, <i>Epilobium parviflorum</i> is known for its medicinal properties, including its anticancer potency. In this context, we aimed to (i) isolate various...
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| author | Sotiris Kyriakou Venetia Tragkola Ioannis Paraskevaidis Mihalis Plioukas Dimitrios T. Trafalis Rodrigo Franco Aglaia Pappa Mihalis I. Panayiotidis |
| author_facet | Sotiris Kyriakou Venetia Tragkola Ioannis Paraskevaidis Mihalis Plioukas Dimitrios T. Trafalis Rodrigo Franco Aglaia Pappa Mihalis I. Panayiotidis |
| author_sort | Sotiris Kyriakou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Malignant melanoma is an aggressive type of skin cancer characterised by high metastatic capacity and mortality rate. On the other hand, <i>Epilobium parviflorum</i> is known for its medicinal properties, including its anticancer potency. In this context, we aimed to (i) isolate various extracts of <i>E. parviflorum</i>, (ii) characterize their phytochemical content, and (iii) determine their cytotoxic potential in an in vitro model of human malignant melanoma. To these ends, we utilized various spectrophotometric and chromatographic (UPLC-MS/MS) approaches to document the higher content of the methanolic extract in polyphenols, soluble sugars, proteins, condensed tannins, and chlorophylls -a and -b as opposed to those of dichloromethane and petroleum. In addition, the cytotoxicity profiling of all extracts was assessed through a colorimetric-based Alamar Blue assay in human malignant melanoma (A375 and COLO-679) as well as non-tumorigenic immortalized keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. Overall, the methanolic extract was shown to exert significant cytotoxicity, in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, as opposed to the other extracts. The observed cytotoxicity was confined only to human malignant melanoma cells, whereas non-tumorigenic keratinocyte cells remained relatively unaffected. Finally, the expression levels of various apoptotic genes were assessed by qRT-PCR, indicating the activation of both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic cascades. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:37:10Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:37:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-4d7ef4ce73a5491a96acb88eb79b9dee2023-11-17T20:58:50ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-04-01128159010.3390/plants12081590Chemical Characterization and Biological Evaluation of <i>Epilobium parviflorum</i> Extracts in an In Vitro Model of Human Malignant MelanomaSotiris Kyriakou0Venetia Tragkola1Ioannis Paraskevaidis2Mihalis Plioukas3Dimitrios T. Trafalis4Rodrigo Franco5Aglaia Pappa6Mihalis I. Panayiotidis7Department of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, CyprusDepartment of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, CyprusDepartment of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, CyprusDepartment of Life & Health Sciences, School of Sciences & Engineering, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, CyprusLaboratory of Pharmacology, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, GreeceRedox Biology Centre, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USADepartment of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, GreeceDepartment of Cancer Genetics, Therapeutics & Ultrastructural Pathology, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology & Genetics, Nicosia 2371, CyprusMalignant melanoma is an aggressive type of skin cancer characterised by high metastatic capacity and mortality rate. On the other hand, <i>Epilobium parviflorum</i> is known for its medicinal properties, including its anticancer potency. In this context, we aimed to (i) isolate various extracts of <i>E. parviflorum</i>, (ii) characterize their phytochemical content, and (iii) determine their cytotoxic potential in an in vitro model of human malignant melanoma. To these ends, we utilized various spectrophotometric and chromatographic (UPLC-MS/MS) approaches to document the higher content of the methanolic extract in polyphenols, soluble sugars, proteins, condensed tannins, and chlorophylls -a and -b as opposed to those of dichloromethane and petroleum. In addition, the cytotoxicity profiling of all extracts was assessed through a colorimetric-based Alamar Blue assay in human malignant melanoma (A375 and COLO-679) as well as non-tumorigenic immortalized keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells. Overall, the methanolic extract was shown to exert significant cytotoxicity, in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, as opposed to the other extracts. The observed cytotoxicity was confined only to human malignant melanoma cells, whereas non-tumorigenic keratinocyte cells remained relatively unaffected. Finally, the expression levels of various apoptotic genes were assessed by qRT-PCR, indicating the activation of both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic cascades.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/8/1590<i>Epilobium parvliforum</i>UPLC-MS/MSphytochemicalscytotoxicityanticancerapoptosis |
| spellingShingle | Sotiris Kyriakou Venetia Tragkola Ioannis Paraskevaidis Mihalis Plioukas Dimitrios T. Trafalis Rodrigo Franco Aglaia Pappa Mihalis I. Panayiotidis Chemical Characterization and Biological Evaluation of <i>Epilobium parviflorum</i> Extracts in an In Vitro Model of Human Malignant Melanoma Plants <i>Epilobium parvliforum</i> UPLC-MS/MS phytochemicals cytotoxicity anticancer apoptosis |
| title | Chemical Characterization and Biological Evaluation of <i>Epilobium parviflorum</i> Extracts in an In Vitro Model of Human Malignant Melanoma |
| title_full | Chemical Characterization and Biological Evaluation of <i>Epilobium parviflorum</i> Extracts in an In Vitro Model of Human Malignant Melanoma |
| title_fullStr | Chemical Characterization and Biological Evaluation of <i>Epilobium parviflorum</i> Extracts in an In Vitro Model of Human Malignant Melanoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical Characterization and Biological Evaluation of <i>Epilobium parviflorum</i> Extracts in an In Vitro Model of Human Malignant Melanoma |
| title_short | Chemical Characterization and Biological Evaluation of <i>Epilobium parviflorum</i> Extracts in an In Vitro Model of Human Malignant Melanoma |
| title_sort | chemical characterization and biological evaluation of i epilobium parviflorum i extracts in an in vitro model of human malignant melanoma |
| topic | <i>Epilobium parvliforum</i> UPLC-MS/MS phytochemicals cytotoxicity anticancer apoptosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/8/1590 |
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