Seroprevalence and risk factors of bovine fasciolosis in the municipalities of Colombia

Background and Aim: Bovine fasciolosis is a reemerging neglected disease with a worldwide distribution caused by the trematode Fasciola spp., which parasitize various hosts. Bovine fasciolosis is responsible for large economic losses in the bovine livestock sector. This study aimed to estimate the s...

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Main Authors: Diana María Bulla-Castañeda, Deisy Johana Lancheros-Buitrago, Diego Jose García-Corredor, Julio C-Giraldo-Forero, Martin Orlando Pulido-Medellin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Veterinary World 2023-06-01
Series:Veterinary World
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.16/June-2023/16.pdf
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author Diana María Bulla-Castañeda
Deisy Johana Lancheros-Buitrago
Diego Jose García-Corredor
Julio C-Giraldo-Forero
Martin Orlando Pulido-Medellin
author_facet Diana María Bulla-Castañeda
Deisy Johana Lancheros-Buitrago
Diego Jose García-Corredor
Julio C-Giraldo-Forero
Martin Orlando Pulido-Medellin
author_sort Diana María Bulla-Castañeda
collection DOAJ
description Background and Aim: Bovine fasciolosis is a reemerging neglected disease with a worldwide distribution caused by the trematode Fasciola spp., which parasitize various hosts. Bovine fasciolosis is responsible for large economic losses in the bovine livestock sector. This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence and risk factors of bovine fasciolosis in the municipalities of Colombia. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with simple random sampling conducted on 1140 cattle from the municipalities of Chiquinquir´, San Miguel de Sema, and Ubaté for a duration of 3 months. Serum samples were processed using the commercial Fasciola hepatica Antibody Test Kit IDEXX® Fasciolosis Verification (IDEXX, United States), which identified immunoglobulin G antibodies for gf2 antigen purified from Fasciola extracts. The f2 antigen is extremely immunogenic and highly specific for F. hepatica. An epidemiological survey was performed to record variables related to the sampled animals and herd management practices. Data were processed using the statistical program Epi Info® (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Atlanta, Georgia). The prevalence ratio was estimated to evaluate the association between fasciolosis and the hypothesized causal factors and the significance of this association using Pearson’s Chi-square test. Finally, a logistic regression model was developed. Results: The overall seroprevalence was 72.3%. The seroprevalence was 83.9% (323/385) in Chiquinquirá, 68.17% (257/377) in Ubaté, and 64.55% (244/378) in San Miguel de Sema. The seroprevalence was higher in male animals in Chiquinquirá and in female animals in San Miguel de Sema and Ubaté. Similarly, sex showed a statistically significant association with disease prevalence in Ubaté. The highest prevalence was found in cattle aged >2 years. The Holstein breed showed maximum seroprevalence in Chiquinquirá (p ≤ 0.05) and San Miguel de Sema, whereas crossbreed showed higher seroprevalence in Ubaté. Similarly, in Chiquinquirá, the association between the seroprevalence of fasciolosis and the presence of other species was statistically significant (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.9601–3.4944; p = 0.0448). In Ubaté, the disease presentation was also associated with pasture rental (95% CI: 0.4047–1.0023; p = 0.003) and attendance to livestock expositions (95% CI: 0.2313–1.0636; p = 0.044). However, in San Miguel de Sema, water from the stream showed a statistically significant association with disease presentation (95% CI: 0.5209–1.0985; p = 0.00649785). Female sex and diarrhea occurrence were considered risk factors for fasciolosis. Conclusion: A high seroprevalence of antibodies to Fasciola spp. was detected in cattle in the study municipalities, indicating a high parasite distribution in these areas. Female sex and diarrhea were established as risk factors associated with fasciolosis in Ubaté and San Miguel de Sema, respectively. Further, research is necessary to establish prevention and control programs against parasitosis.
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spelling doaj.art-4d86e28d2c874430bc60eacd758e26da2023-07-06T08:34:07ZengVeterinary WorldVeterinary World0972-89882231-09162023-06-011661293130010.14202/vetworld.2023.1293-1300Seroprevalence and risk factors of bovine fasciolosis in the municipalities of ColombiaDiana María Bulla-Castañeda0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3740-9454Deisy Johana Lancheros-Buitrago1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7984-3881Diego Jose García-Corredor2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5122-5435Julio C-Giraldo-Forero3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7308-8443Martin Orlando Pulido-Medellin4https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4989-1476Research Group in Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia.Research Group in Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia.Research Group in Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia.Research Group in Parasitology and Tropical Microbiology. Biology Program, Universidad INCCA de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Research Group in Ecoepidemiology and Collective Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada Bogotá, Colombia.Research Group in Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Tunja, Colombia.Background and Aim: Bovine fasciolosis is a reemerging neglected disease with a worldwide distribution caused by the trematode Fasciola spp., which parasitize various hosts. Bovine fasciolosis is responsible for large economic losses in the bovine livestock sector. This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence and risk factors of bovine fasciolosis in the municipalities of Colombia. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with simple random sampling conducted on 1140 cattle from the municipalities of Chiquinquir´, San Miguel de Sema, and Ubaté for a duration of 3 months. Serum samples were processed using the commercial Fasciola hepatica Antibody Test Kit IDEXX® Fasciolosis Verification (IDEXX, United States), which identified immunoglobulin G antibodies for gf2 antigen purified from Fasciola extracts. The f2 antigen is extremely immunogenic and highly specific for F. hepatica. An epidemiological survey was performed to record variables related to the sampled animals and herd management practices. Data were processed using the statistical program Epi Info® (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Atlanta, Georgia). The prevalence ratio was estimated to evaluate the association between fasciolosis and the hypothesized causal factors and the significance of this association using Pearson’s Chi-square test. Finally, a logistic regression model was developed. Results: The overall seroprevalence was 72.3%. The seroprevalence was 83.9% (323/385) in Chiquinquirá, 68.17% (257/377) in Ubaté, and 64.55% (244/378) in San Miguel de Sema. The seroprevalence was higher in male animals in Chiquinquirá and in female animals in San Miguel de Sema and Ubaté. Similarly, sex showed a statistically significant association with disease prevalence in Ubaté. The highest prevalence was found in cattle aged >2 years. The Holstein breed showed maximum seroprevalence in Chiquinquirá (p ≤ 0.05) and San Miguel de Sema, whereas crossbreed showed higher seroprevalence in Ubaté. Similarly, in Chiquinquirá, the association between the seroprevalence of fasciolosis and the presence of other species was statistically significant (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.9601–3.4944; p = 0.0448). In Ubaté, the disease presentation was also associated with pasture rental (95% CI: 0.4047–1.0023; p = 0.003) and attendance to livestock expositions (95% CI: 0.2313–1.0636; p = 0.044). However, in San Miguel de Sema, water from the stream showed a statistically significant association with disease presentation (95% CI: 0.5209–1.0985; p = 0.00649785). Female sex and diarrhea occurrence were considered risk factors for fasciolosis. Conclusion: A high seroprevalence of antibodies to Fasciola spp. was detected in cattle in the study municipalities, indicating a high parasite distribution in these areas. Female sex and diarrhea were established as risk factors associated with fasciolosis in Ubaté and San Miguel de Sema, respectively. Further, research is necessary to establish prevention and control programs against parasitosis.https://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.16/June-2023/16.pdfbovinefasciolosisrisk factorsseroprevalence
spellingShingle Diana María Bulla-Castañeda
Deisy Johana Lancheros-Buitrago
Diego Jose García-Corredor
Julio C-Giraldo-Forero
Martin Orlando Pulido-Medellin
Seroprevalence and risk factors of bovine fasciolosis in the municipalities of Colombia
Veterinary World
bovine
fasciolosis
risk factors
seroprevalence
title Seroprevalence and risk factors of bovine fasciolosis in the municipalities of Colombia
title_full Seroprevalence and risk factors of bovine fasciolosis in the municipalities of Colombia
title_fullStr Seroprevalence and risk factors of bovine fasciolosis in the municipalities of Colombia
title_full_unstemmed Seroprevalence and risk factors of bovine fasciolosis in the municipalities of Colombia
title_short Seroprevalence and risk factors of bovine fasciolosis in the municipalities of Colombia
title_sort seroprevalence and risk factors of bovine fasciolosis in the municipalities of colombia
topic bovine
fasciolosis
risk factors
seroprevalence
url https://www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.16/June-2023/16.pdf
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