Influence of Electroporation Medium on Delivery of Cell-Impermeable Small Molecules by Electrical Short-Circuiting via an Aqueous Droplet in Dielectric Oil: A Comparison of Different Fluorescent Tracers
Membrane permeabilization stimulated by high-voltage electric pulses has been used to deliver cell-impermeable exogenous molecules. The electric field effect on the cells depends on various experimental parameters, such as electric field strength, the number of electric pulses, and the electroporati...
| Autori principali: | , , , , , |
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| Natura: | Articolo |
| Lingua: | English |
| Pubblicazione: |
MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Serie: | Sensors |
| Soggetti: | |
| Accesso online: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/7/2494 |
| _version_ | 1827622492380856320 |
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| author | Yuki Watanabe Hirohito Nihonyanagi Rika Numano Takayuki Shibata Kazunori Takashima Hirofumi Kurita |
| author_facet | Yuki Watanabe Hirohito Nihonyanagi Rika Numano Takayuki Shibata Kazunori Takashima Hirofumi Kurita |
| author_sort | Yuki Watanabe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Membrane permeabilization stimulated by high-voltage electric pulses has been used to deliver cell-impermeable exogenous molecules. The electric field effect on the cells depends on various experimental parameters, such as electric field strength, the number of electric pulses, and the electroporation medium. In this study, we show the influence of the electroporation medium on membrane permeabilization stimulated by electrical short-circuiting via an aqueous droplet in dielectric oil, a novel methodology developed by our previous investigations. We investigated the membrane permeabilization by three methods, influx of calcium ions, uptake of nucleic acid-binding fluorophores (YO-PRO-1), and calcein leakage. We demonstrated that the external medium conductivity had a significant impact on the cells in all described experiments. The short-circuiting using a low-conductivity electroporation medium enhanced the formation of both transient and irreversible membrane pores. We also found that clathrin-mediated endocytosis contributed to YO-PRO-1 uptake when a cell culture medium was used as an electroporation medium. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:27:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4d979b51df03406789dba63a6d5d7b96 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:27:27Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-4d979b51df03406789dba63a6d5d7b962023-11-30T23:59:40ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-03-01227249410.3390/s22072494Influence of Electroporation Medium on Delivery of Cell-Impermeable Small Molecules by Electrical Short-Circuiting via an Aqueous Droplet in Dielectric Oil: A Comparison of Different Fluorescent TracersYuki Watanabe0Hirohito Nihonyanagi1Rika Numano2Takayuki Shibata3Kazunori Takashima4Hirofumi Kurita5Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Aichi, JapanDepartment of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Aichi, JapanDepartment of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Aichi, JapanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Aichi, JapanDepartment of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Aichi, JapanDepartment of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Aichi, JapanMembrane permeabilization stimulated by high-voltage electric pulses has been used to deliver cell-impermeable exogenous molecules. The electric field effect on the cells depends on various experimental parameters, such as electric field strength, the number of electric pulses, and the electroporation medium. In this study, we show the influence of the electroporation medium on membrane permeabilization stimulated by electrical short-circuiting via an aqueous droplet in dielectric oil, a novel methodology developed by our previous investigations. We investigated the membrane permeabilization by three methods, influx of calcium ions, uptake of nucleic acid-binding fluorophores (YO-PRO-1), and calcein leakage. We demonstrated that the external medium conductivity had a significant impact on the cells in all described experiments. The short-circuiting using a low-conductivity electroporation medium enhanced the formation of both transient and irreversible membrane pores. We also found that clathrin-mediated endocytosis contributed to YO-PRO-1 uptake when a cell culture medium was used as an electroporation medium.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/7/2494electroporationmembrane permeabilizationelectric conductivityendocytosis |
| spellingShingle | Yuki Watanabe Hirohito Nihonyanagi Rika Numano Takayuki Shibata Kazunori Takashima Hirofumi Kurita Influence of Electroporation Medium on Delivery of Cell-Impermeable Small Molecules by Electrical Short-Circuiting via an Aqueous Droplet in Dielectric Oil: A Comparison of Different Fluorescent Tracers Sensors electroporation membrane permeabilization electric conductivity endocytosis |
| title | Influence of Electroporation Medium on Delivery of Cell-Impermeable Small Molecules by Electrical Short-Circuiting via an Aqueous Droplet in Dielectric Oil: A Comparison of Different Fluorescent Tracers |
| title_full | Influence of Electroporation Medium on Delivery of Cell-Impermeable Small Molecules by Electrical Short-Circuiting via an Aqueous Droplet in Dielectric Oil: A Comparison of Different Fluorescent Tracers |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Electroporation Medium on Delivery of Cell-Impermeable Small Molecules by Electrical Short-Circuiting via an Aqueous Droplet in Dielectric Oil: A Comparison of Different Fluorescent Tracers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Electroporation Medium on Delivery of Cell-Impermeable Small Molecules by Electrical Short-Circuiting via an Aqueous Droplet in Dielectric Oil: A Comparison of Different Fluorescent Tracers |
| title_short | Influence of Electroporation Medium on Delivery of Cell-Impermeable Small Molecules by Electrical Short-Circuiting via an Aqueous Droplet in Dielectric Oil: A Comparison of Different Fluorescent Tracers |
| title_sort | influence of electroporation medium on delivery of cell impermeable small molecules by electrical short circuiting via an aqueous droplet in dielectric oil a comparison of different fluorescent tracers |
| topic | electroporation membrane permeabilization electric conductivity endocytosis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/7/2494 |
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