Pachychoroid Spectrum Diseases in Patients with Cushing’s Syndrome: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses
Cushing’s syndrome is a rare disease with an endogenous cause of excess cortisol secretion. More evidence substantially links cortisol levels to the pachychoroid spectrum diseases. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we summarize available evidence on pachychoroid spectrum diseases in patie...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-07-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/15/4437 |
| _version_ | 1797413446072926208 |
|---|---|
| author | Jeppe K. Holtz Janni M. E. Larsson Michael S. Hansen Elon H. C. van Dijk Yousif Subhi |
| author_facet | Jeppe K. Holtz Janni M. E. Larsson Michael S. Hansen Elon H. C. van Dijk Yousif Subhi |
| author_sort | Jeppe K. Holtz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cushing’s syndrome is a rare disease with an endogenous cause of excess cortisol secretion. More evidence substantially links cortisol levels to the pachychoroid spectrum diseases. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we summarize available evidence on pachychoroid spectrum diseases in patients with Cushing’s syndrome. We performed a systematic literature search in 11 databases on 21 May 2022. Studies were considered eligible if they performed retinal examination of a consecutive group of patients with Cushing’s syndrome using optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans. We extracted data on subfoveal choroidal thickness in patients with Cushing’s syndrome compared to matched controls. We also extracted data on the prevalence of pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy (PPE), central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). We identified six eligible studies with a total of 159 patients with Cushing’s syndrome. On average, patients with Cushing’s syndrome have 49.5 µm thicker subfoveal choroidal thickness compared to matched healthy individuals. Pachychoroid spectrum diseases were relatively common in these patients: PPE in 20.8%, CSC in 7.7%, and PCV in 2.8%. We conclude that there should be low threshold to recommend ophthalmic examination to patients with Cushing’s syndrome, and that a macular OCT is recommended during this examination. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:18:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4d9af289b1f04232b5a8b4f6aea5f7b0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:18:02Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-4d9af289b1f04232b5a8b4f6aea5f7b02023-12-03T12:43:12ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832022-07-011115443710.3390/jcm11154437Pachychoroid Spectrum Diseases in Patients with Cushing’s Syndrome: A Systematic Review with Meta-AnalysesJeppe K. Holtz0Janni M. E. Larsson1Michael S. Hansen2Elon H. C. van Dijk3Yousif Subhi4Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, DK-5000 Odense, DenmarkDepartment of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, DK-2600 Glostrup, DenmarkDepartment of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, DK-2600 Glostrup, DenmarkDepartment of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The NetherlandsDepartment of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, DK-2600 Glostrup, DenmarkCushing’s syndrome is a rare disease with an endogenous cause of excess cortisol secretion. More evidence substantially links cortisol levels to the pachychoroid spectrum diseases. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we summarize available evidence on pachychoroid spectrum diseases in patients with Cushing’s syndrome. We performed a systematic literature search in 11 databases on 21 May 2022. Studies were considered eligible if they performed retinal examination of a consecutive group of patients with Cushing’s syndrome using optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans. We extracted data on subfoveal choroidal thickness in patients with Cushing’s syndrome compared to matched controls. We also extracted data on the prevalence of pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy (PPE), central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). We identified six eligible studies with a total of 159 patients with Cushing’s syndrome. On average, patients with Cushing’s syndrome have 49.5 µm thicker subfoveal choroidal thickness compared to matched healthy individuals. Pachychoroid spectrum diseases were relatively common in these patients: PPE in 20.8%, CSC in 7.7%, and PCV in 2.8%. We conclude that there should be low threshold to recommend ophthalmic examination to patients with Cushing’s syndrome, and that a macular OCT is recommended during this examination.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/15/4437central serous chorioretinopathyCushing’s diseasemeta-analysispachychoroid spectrumpolypoidal choroidal vasculopathysystematic review |
| spellingShingle | Jeppe K. Holtz Janni M. E. Larsson Michael S. Hansen Elon H. C. van Dijk Yousif Subhi Pachychoroid Spectrum Diseases in Patients with Cushing’s Syndrome: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses Journal of Clinical Medicine central serous chorioretinopathy Cushing’s disease meta-analysis pachychoroid spectrum polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy systematic review |
| title | Pachychoroid Spectrum Diseases in Patients with Cushing’s Syndrome: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses |
| title_full | Pachychoroid Spectrum Diseases in Patients with Cushing’s Syndrome: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses |
| title_fullStr | Pachychoroid Spectrum Diseases in Patients with Cushing’s Syndrome: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pachychoroid Spectrum Diseases in Patients with Cushing’s Syndrome: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses |
| title_short | Pachychoroid Spectrum Diseases in Patients with Cushing’s Syndrome: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses |
| title_sort | pachychoroid spectrum diseases in patients with cushing s syndrome a systematic review with meta analyses |
| topic | central serous chorioretinopathy Cushing’s disease meta-analysis pachychoroid spectrum polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy systematic review |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/15/4437 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jeppekholtz pachychoroidspectrumdiseasesinpatientswithcushingssyndromeasystematicreviewwithmetaanalyses AT jannimelarsson pachychoroidspectrumdiseasesinpatientswithcushingssyndromeasystematicreviewwithmetaanalyses AT michaelshansen pachychoroidspectrumdiseasesinpatientswithcushingssyndromeasystematicreviewwithmetaanalyses AT elonhcvandijk pachychoroidspectrumdiseasesinpatientswithcushingssyndromeasystematicreviewwithmetaanalyses AT yousifsubhi pachychoroidspectrumdiseasesinpatientswithcushingssyndromeasystematicreviewwithmetaanalyses |