The Use of Footstep Sounds as Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation for Gait Rehabilitation in Parkinson’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial
BackgroundThe use of rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) has been proven useful in the management of gait disturbances associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Typically, the RAS consists of metronome or music-based sounds (artificial RAS), while ecological footstep sounds (ecological RAS) have nev...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neurology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2018.00348/full |
| _version_ | 1818612585882189824 |
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| author | Mauro Murgia Mauro Murgia Roberta Pili Federica Corona Fabrizio Sors Tiziano A. Agostini Paolo Bernardis Carlo Casula Giovanni Cossu Marco Guicciardi Massimiliano Pau |
| author_facet | Mauro Murgia Mauro Murgia Roberta Pili Federica Corona Fabrizio Sors Tiziano A. Agostini Paolo Bernardis Carlo Casula Giovanni Cossu Marco Guicciardi Massimiliano Pau |
| author_sort | Mauro Murgia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundThe use of rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) has been proven useful in the management of gait disturbances associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Typically, the RAS consists of metronome or music-based sounds (artificial RAS), while ecological footstep sounds (ecological RAS) have never been used for rehabilitation programs.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the effects of a rehabilitation program integrated either with ecological or with artificial RAS.MethodsAn observer-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted to investigate the effects of 5 weeks of supervised rehabilitation integrated with RAS. Thirty-eight individuals affected by PD were randomly assigned to one of the two conditions (ecological vs. artificial RAS); thirty-two of them (age 68.2 ± 10.5, Hoehn and Yahr 1.5–3) concluded all phases of the study. Spatio-temporal parameters of gait and clinical variables were assessed before the rehabilitation period, at its end, and after a 3-month follow-up.ResultsThirty-two participants were analyzed. The results revealed that both groups improved in the majority of biomechanical and clinical measures, independently of the type of sound. Moreover, exploratory analyses for separate groups were conducted, revealing improvements on spatio-temporal parameters only in the ecological RAS group.ConclusionOverall, our results suggest that ecological RAS is equally effective compared to artificial RAS. Future studies should further investigate the role of ecological RAS, on the basis of information revealed by our exploratory analyses. Theoretical, methodological, and practical issues concerning the implementation of ecological sounds in the rehabilitation of PD patients are discussed.Clinical Trial Registrationwww.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03228888. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T15:48:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4da4cab8df3244e8ad5421e48a163d88 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2295 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T15:48:34Z |
| publishDate | 2018-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neurology |
| spelling | doaj.art-4da4cab8df3244e8ad5421e48a163d882022-12-21T22:25:44ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neurology1664-22952018-05-01910.3389/fneur.2018.00348292091The Use of Footstep Sounds as Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation for Gait Rehabilitation in Parkinson’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled TrialMauro Murgia0Mauro Murgia1Roberta Pili2Federica Corona3Fabrizio Sors4Tiziano A. Agostini5Paolo Bernardis6Carlo Casula7Giovanni Cossu8Marco Guicciardi9Massimiliano Pau10Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, ItalyDepartment of Pedagogy, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, ItalyAOB “G. Brotzu” General Hospital, Cagliari, ItalyDepartment of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, ItalyDepartment of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, ItalyDepartment of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, ItalyDepartment of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, ItalyAOB “G. Brotzu” General Hospital, Cagliari, ItalyAOB “G. Brotzu” General Hospital, Cagliari, ItalyDepartment of Pedagogy, Psychology, Philosophy, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, ItalyDepartment of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, ItalyBackgroundThe use of rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) has been proven useful in the management of gait disturbances associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Typically, the RAS consists of metronome or music-based sounds (artificial RAS), while ecological footstep sounds (ecological RAS) have never been used for rehabilitation programs.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the effects of a rehabilitation program integrated either with ecological or with artificial RAS.MethodsAn observer-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted to investigate the effects of 5 weeks of supervised rehabilitation integrated with RAS. Thirty-eight individuals affected by PD were randomly assigned to one of the two conditions (ecological vs. artificial RAS); thirty-two of them (age 68.2 ± 10.5, Hoehn and Yahr 1.5–3) concluded all phases of the study. Spatio-temporal parameters of gait and clinical variables were assessed before the rehabilitation period, at its end, and after a 3-month follow-up.ResultsThirty-two participants were analyzed. The results revealed that both groups improved in the majority of biomechanical and clinical measures, independently of the type of sound. Moreover, exploratory analyses for separate groups were conducted, revealing improvements on spatio-temporal parameters only in the ecological RAS group.ConclusionOverall, our results suggest that ecological RAS is equally effective compared to artificial RAS. Future studies should further investigate the role of ecological RAS, on the basis of information revealed by our exploratory analyses. Theoretical, methodological, and practical issues concerning the implementation of ecological sounds in the rehabilitation of PD patients are discussed.Clinical Trial Registrationwww.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03228888.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2018.00348/fullrhythmecological soundsauditory stimulirhythmic auditory stimulationParkinson diseasegait |
| spellingShingle | Mauro Murgia Mauro Murgia Roberta Pili Federica Corona Fabrizio Sors Tiziano A. Agostini Paolo Bernardis Carlo Casula Giovanni Cossu Marco Guicciardi Massimiliano Pau The Use of Footstep Sounds as Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation for Gait Rehabilitation in Parkinson’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial Frontiers in Neurology rhythm ecological sounds auditory stimuli rhythmic auditory stimulation Parkinson disease gait |
| title | The Use of Footstep Sounds as Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation for Gait Rehabilitation in Parkinson’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_full | The Use of Footstep Sounds as Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation for Gait Rehabilitation in Parkinson’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_fullStr | The Use of Footstep Sounds as Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation for Gait Rehabilitation in Parkinson’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Use of Footstep Sounds as Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation for Gait Rehabilitation in Parkinson’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_short | The Use of Footstep Sounds as Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation for Gait Rehabilitation in Parkinson’s Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial |
| title_sort | use of footstep sounds as rhythmic auditory stimulation for gait rehabilitation in parkinson s disease a randomized controlled trial |
| topic | rhythm ecological sounds auditory stimuli rhythmic auditory stimulation Parkinson disease gait |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2018.00348/full |
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