Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for Diagnosis and the Prognostication of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review
Despite the high incidence and burden of stroke, biological biomarkers are not used routinely in clinical practice to diagnose, determine progression, or prognosticate outcomes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Because of its direct interface with neural tissue, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a potentia...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/13/10902 |
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| author | Anant Naik Olufunmilola Adeleye Stefan W. Koester Ethan A. Winkler Joelle N. Hartke Katherine Karahalios Sandra Mihaljevic Anupama Rani Sudhanshu Raikwar Jarrod D. Rulney Shashvat M. Desai Lea Scherschinski Andrew F. Ducruet Felipe C. Albuquerque Michael T. Lawton Joshua S. Catapano Ashutosh P. Jadhav Ruchira M. Jha |
| author_facet | Anant Naik Olufunmilola Adeleye Stefan W. Koester Ethan A. Winkler Joelle N. Hartke Katherine Karahalios Sandra Mihaljevic Anupama Rani Sudhanshu Raikwar Jarrod D. Rulney Shashvat M. Desai Lea Scherschinski Andrew F. Ducruet Felipe C. Albuquerque Michael T. Lawton Joshua S. Catapano Ashutosh P. Jadhav Ruchira M. Jha |
| author_sort | Anant Naik |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Despite the high incidence and burden of stroke, biological biomarkers are not used routinely in clinical practice to diagnose, determine progression, or prognosticate outcomes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Because of its direct interface with neural tissue, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a potentially valuable source for biomarker development. This systematic review was conducted using three databases. All trials investigating clinical and preclinical models for CSF biomarkers for AIS diagnosis, prognostication, and severity grading were included, yielding 22 human trials and five animal studies for analysis. In total, 21 biomarkers and other multiomic proteomic markers were identified. S100B, inflammatory markers (including tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 6), and free fatty acids were the most frequently studied biomarkers. The review showed that CSF is an effective medium for biomarker acquisition for AIS. Although CSF is not routinely clinically obtained, a potential benefit of CSF studies is identifying valuable biomarkers from the pathophysiologic microenvironment that ultimately inform optimization of targeted low-abundance assays from peripheral biofluid samples (e.g., plasma). Several important catabolic and anabolic markers can serve as effective measures of diagnosis, etiology identification, prognostication, and severity grading. Trials with large cohorts studying the efficacy of biomarkers in altering clinical management are still needed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:39:00Z |
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| id | doaj.art-4daa25725d5b42f6928849b8c5f0e12d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:39:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-4daa25725d5b42f6928849b8c5f0e12d2023-11-18T16:45:24ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-06-0124131090210.3390/ijms241310902Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for Diagnosis and the Prognostication of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic ReviewAnant Naik0Olufunmilola Adeleye1Stefan W. Koester2Ethan A. Winkler3Joelle N. Hartke4Katherine Karahalios5Sandra Mihaljevic6Anupama Rani7Sudhanshu Raikwar8Jarrod D. Rulney9Shashvat M. Desai10Lea Scherschinski11Andrew F. Ducruet12Felipe C. Albuquerque13Michael T. Lawton14Joshua S. Catapano15Ashutosh P. Jadhav16Ruchira M. Jha17Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USAMayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USADepartment of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph’s Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USADespite the high incidence and burden of stroke, biological biomarkers are not used routinely in clinical practice to diagnose, determine progression, or prognosticate outcomes of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Because of its direct interface with neural tissue, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a potentially valuable source for biomarker development. This systematic review was conducted using three databases. All trials investigating clinical and preclinical models for CSF biomarkers for AIS diagnosis, prognostication, and severity grading were included, yielding 22 human trials and five animal studies for analysis. In total, 21 biomarkers and other multiomic proteomic markers were identified. S100B, inflammatory markers (including tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 6), and free fatty acids were the most frequently studied biomarkers. The review showed that CSF is an effective medium for biomarker acquisition for AIS. Although CSF is not routinely clinically obtained, a potential benefit of CSF studies is identifying valuable biomarkers from the pathophysiologic microenvironment that ultimately inform optimization of targeted low-abundance assays from peripheral biofluid samples (e.g., plasma). Several important catabolic and anabolic markers can serve as effective measures of diagnosis, etiology identification, prognostication, and severity grading. Trials with large cohorts studying the efficacy of biomarkers in altering clinical management are still needed.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/13/10902biomarkerscerebrospinal fluidgenomicsinflammatory markersischemic stroke |
| spellingShingle | Anant Naik Olufunmilola Adeleye Stefan W. Koester Ethan A. Winkler Joelle N. Hartke Katherine Karahalios Sandra Mihaljevic Anupama Rani Sudhanshu Raikwar Jarrod D. Rulney Shashvat M. Desai Lea Scherschinski Andrew F. Ducruet Felipe C. Albuquerque Michael T. Lawton Joshua S. Catapano Ashutosh P. Jadhav Ruchira M. Jha Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for Diagnosis and the Prognostication of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review International Journal of Molecular Sciences biomarkers cerebrospinal fluid genomics inflammatory markers ischemic stroke |
| title | Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for Diagnosis and the Prognostication of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review |
| title_full | Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for Diagnosis and the Prognostication of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review |
| title_fullStr | Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for Diagnosis and the Prognostication of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for Diagnosis and the Prognostication of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review |
| title_short | Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for Diagnosis and the Prognostication of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review |
| title_sort | cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for diagnosis and the prognostication of acute ischemic stroke a systematic review |
| topic | biomarkers cerebrospinal fluid genomics inflammatory markers ischemic stroke |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/13/10902 |
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