First Molecular Detection and Genotype Identification of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> in Chickens from Farmers’ Markets in Fujian Province, Southeastern China
<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> is an opportunistic pathogenic protozoan that can infect all nucleated cells in almost all warm-blooded animals, including humans. <i>T. gondii</i> infection has been reported in many food animals worldwide. However, the prevalence and genotypes of &l...
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| author | Meng-Jie Chu Li-Yuan Huang Wen-Yuan Miao Ya-Fei Song Ying-Sheng Lin Si-Ang Li Dong-Hui Zhou |
| author_facet | Meng-Jie Chu Li-Yuan Huang Wen-Yuan Miao Ya-Fei Song Ying-Sheng Lin Si-Ang Li Dong-Hui Zhou |
| author_sort | Meng-Jie Chu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> is an opportunistic pathogenic protozoan that can infect all nucleated cells in almost all warm-blooded animals, including humans. <i>T. gondii</i> infection has been reported in many food animals worldwide. However, the prevalence and genotypes of <i>T. gondii</i> in chickens from farmers’ markets in Fujian province in southeastern China remain unreported. In the present study, four tissue samples from each of the 577 chickens (namely, the heart, liver, lungs, and muscles) were collected from farmers’ markets in five regions of Fujian province (Zhangzhou, Sanming, Quanzhou, Fuzhou, and Longyan). We first analyzed the prevalence and genotypes of <i>T. gondii</i> using PCR targeting of the <i>B1</i> gene of <i>T. gondii</i>. Of the 577 chickens, thirty-two (5.5%) tested positive for the <i>B1</i> gene. Among the five regions, Sanming had the highest infection rate (16.8%, 16/95), followed by Quanzhou (8.0%, 8/100), Longyan (5.0%, 5/100), Zhangzhou (1.1%, 2/182), and Fuzhou (1.0%, 1/100). Among these thirty-two <i>T. gondii</i>-positive chickens, the infection rates of the lungs, heart, liver, and muscles were 68.8% (22/32), 34.4% (11/32), 28.1% (9/32), and 9.4% (3/32), respectively. Significant differences in prevalence were found among the different regions (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> = 35.164, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and tissues (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> = 25.874, <i>p</i> < 0.05). A total of 128 tissue and organ samples of the thirty-two <i>T. gondii</i>-positive chickens from the different regions were analyzed using PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) on the basis of 10 genetic markers. Seven tissue samples (lung samples from five chickens, heart samples from one chicken, and liver samples from one chicken) underwent successful amplification at all the genetic markers, and all the <i>T. gondii</i> genotypes were identified as genotype I (ToxoDB #10). These findings serve as a foundation for evaluating the risk of <i>T. gondii</i> contamination in chicken products intended for human consumption and offer insight into preventing the transmission of the parasite from chickens to humans. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:58:35Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:58:35Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-4db10d6a253b45278638b0be20aa03a92023-11-19T17:40:33ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172023-10-011210124310.3390/pathogens12101243First Molecular Detection and Genotype Identification of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> in Chickens from Farmers’ Markets in Fujian Province, Southeastern ChinaMeng-Jie Chu0Li-Yuan Huang1Wen-Yuan Miao2Ya-Fei Song3Ying-Sheng Lin4Si-Ang Li5Dong-Hui Zhou6Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaKey Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaKey Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaKey Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaZhangzhou Animal Husbandry Technical Service Station, Zhangzhou 363000, ChinaKey Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, ChinaKey Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> is an opportunistic pathogenic protozoan that can infect all nucleated cells in almost all warm-blooded animals, including humans. <i>T. gondii</i> infection has been reported in many food animals worldwide. However, the prevalence and genotypes of <i>T. gondii</i> in chickens from farmers’ markets in Fujian province in southeastern China remain unreported. In the present study, four tissue samples from each of the 577 chickens (namely, the heart, liver, lungs, and muscles) were collected from farmers’ markets in five regions of Fujian province (Zhangzhou, Sanming, Quanzhou, Fuzhou, and Longyan). We first analyzed the prevalence and genotypes of <i>T. gondii</i> using PCR targeting of the <i>B1</i> gene of <i>T. gondii</i>. Of the 577 chickens, thirty-two (5.5%) tested positive for the <i>B1</i> gene. Among the five regions, Sanming had the highest infection rate (16.8%, 16/95), followed by Quanzhou (8.0%, 8/100), Longyan (5.0%, 5/100), Zhangzhou (1.1%, 2/182), and Fuzhou (1.0%, 1/100). Among these thirty-two <i>T. gondii</i>-positive chickens, the infection rates of the lungs, heart, liver, and muscles were 68.8% (22/32), 34.4% (11/32), 28.1% (9/32), and 9.4% (3/32), respectively. Significant differences in prevalence were found among the different regions (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> = 35.164, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and tissues (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> = 25.874, <i>p</i> < 0.05). A total of 128 tissue and organ samples of the thirty-two <i>T. gondii</i>-positive chickens from the different regions were analyzed using PCR–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) on the basis of 10 genetic markers. Seven tissue samples (lung samples from five chickens, heart samples from one chicken, and liver samples from one chicken) underwent successful amplification at all the genetic markers, and all the <i>T. gondii</i> genotypes were identified as genotype I (ToxoDB #10). These findings serve as a foundation for evaluating the risk of <i>T. gondii</i> contamination in chicken products intended for human consumption and offer insight into preventing the transmission of the parasite from chickens to humans.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/10/1243<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>Fujian provincechickenprevalencegenotype |
| spellingShingle | Meng-Jie Chu Li-Yuan Huang Wen-Yuan Miao Ya-Fei Song Ying-Sheng Lin Si-Ang Li Dong-Hui Zhou First Molecular Detection and Genotype Identification of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> in Chickens from Farmers’ Markets in Fujian Province, Southeastern China Pathogens <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> Fujian province chicken prevalence genotype |
| title | First Molecular Detection and Genotype Identification of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> in Chickens from Farmers’ Markets in Fujian Province, Southeastern China |
| title_full | First Molecular Detection and Genotype Identification of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> in Chickens from Farmers’ Markets in Fujian Province, Southeastern China |
| title_fullStr | First Molecular Detection and Genotype Identification of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> in Chickens from Farmers’ Markets in Fujian Province, Southeastern China |
| title_full_unstemmed | First Molecular Detection and Genotype Identification of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> in Chickens from Farmers’ Markets in Fujian Province, Southeastern China |
| title_short | First Molecular Detection and Genotype Identification of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> in Chickens from Farmers’ Markets in Fujian Province, Southeastern China |
| title_sort | first molecular detection and genotype identification of i toxoplasma gondii i in chickens from farmers markets in fujian province southeastern china |
| topic | <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> Fujian province chicken prevalence genotype |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/10/1243 |
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