| Summary: | Sugar Will Eventually be Exported Transporter (SWEET) proteins are a recently discovered group of efflux transporters that play essential roles in sugar efflux, phloem loading, reproductive tissue development and stress responses. To date, there have been no reports on the <i>Rosa rugosa</i> (<i>R. rugosa</i>) SWEET genes. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive genomic analysis of the SWEET genes, including chromosome localization, phylogenetic comparison, cis-regulatory element analysis, expression pattern analysis in different tissues, expression pattern analysis under cold stress and subcellular localization analysis. A total of 33<i>RrSWEET</i> members were identified and classified into four distinct clades (Clade I, Clade II, Clade III and Clade IV). They were distributed across seven chromosomes and contained cis-regulatory elements associated with hormone and stress responses. The expression of <i>RrSWEETs</i> showed tissue specificity, with higher expression in roots, flowers or pistils compared to other tissues. Furthermore, during the entire cold stress process, the relative expression levels of <i>RrSWEET4</i>, <i>16</i> and <i>20</i> were significantly upregulated, especially in the roots and stems of <i>R. rugosa</i>. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that <i>RrSWEET4</i>, <i>16</i> and <i>20</i> were located on the cell membrane. In summary, the results of this study provide a theoretical basis for future research on the functions of <i>RrSWEET</i> genes in <i>R. rugosa</i> and their role in cold tolerance responses.
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