Optimal Management Strategies to Maximize Carbon Capture in Forest Plantations: A Case Study with <i>Pinus radiata</i> D. Don
Plantations with fast-growing species play a crucial role in reducing global warming and have great carbon capture potential. Therefore, determining optimal management strategies is a challenge in the management of forest plantations to achieve the maximum carbon capture rate. The objective of this...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Forests |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/1/82 |
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| author | Alex Altamirano-Fernández Alejandro Rojas-Palma Sergio Espinoza-Meza |
| author_facet | Alex Altamirano-Fernández Alejandro Rojas-Palma Sergio Espinoza-Meza |
| author_sort | Alex Altamirano-Fernández |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Plantations with fast-growing species play a crucial role in reducing global warming and have great carbon capture potential. Therefore, determining optimal management strategies is a challenge in the management of forest plantations to achieve the maximum carbon capture rate. The objective of this work is to determine optimal rotation strategies that maximize carbon capture in forest plantations. By evaluating an ecological optimal control problem, this work presents a method that manages forest plantations by planning activities such as reforestation, felling, thinning, and fire prevention. The mathematical model is governed by three ordinary differential equations: live biomass, intrinsic growth, and burned area. The characterization of the optimal control problem using Pontryagin’s maximum principle is analyzed. The model solutions are approximated numerically by the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method. To verify the efficiency of the model, parameters for three scenarios were considered: a realistic one that represents current forestry activities based on previous studies for the exotic species <i>Pinus radiata</i> D. Don, another pessimistic, which considers significant losses in forest productivity; and a more optimistic scenario which assumes the creation of new forest areas that contribute with carbon capture to prevent the increase in global temperature. The model predicts a higher volume of biomass for the optimistic scenario, with the consequent higher carbon capture than in the other two scenarios. The optimal solution for the felling strategy suggests that, to increase carbon capture, the rotation age should be prolonged and the felling rate decreased. The model also confirms that reforestation should be carried out immediately after felling, applying maximum reforestation effort in the optimistic and pessimistic scenarios. On the other hand, the model indicates that the maximum prevention effort should be applied during the life cycle of the plantation, which should be proportional to the biomass volume. Finally, the optimal solution for the thinning strategy indicates that in all three scenarios, the maximum thinning effort should be applied until the time when the fire prevention strategy begins. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:41:45Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4907 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:41:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Forests |
| spelling | doaj.art-4dc1d68f4b434a0382acd1120af9bdbb2023-11-30T22:17:30ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072023-01-011418210.3390/f14010082Optimal Management Strategies to Maximize Carbon Capture in Forest Plantations: A Case Study with <i>Pinus radiata</i> D. DonAlex Altamirano-Fernández0Alejandro Rojas-Palma1Sergio Espinoza-Meza2Departamento de Matemática, Física y Estadística, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, ChileDepartamento de Matemática, Física y Estadística, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, ChileFacultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca 3460000, ChilePlantations with fast-growing species play a crucial role in reducing global warming and have great carbon capture potential. Therefore, determining optimal management strategies is a challenge in the management of forest plantations to achieve the maximum carbon capture rate. The objective of this work is to determine optimal rotation strategies that maximize carbon capture in forest plantations. By evaluating an ecological optimal control problem, this work presents a method that manages forest plantations by planning activities such as reforestation, felling, thinning, and fire prevention. The mathematical model is governed by three ordinary differential equations: live biomass, intrinsic growth, and burned area. The characterization of the optimal control problem using Pontryagin’s maximum principle is analyzed. The model solutions are approximated numerically by the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method. To verify the efficiency of the model, parameters for three scenarios were considered: a realistic one that represents current forestry activities based on previous studies for the exotic species <i>Pinus radiata</i> D. Don, another pessimistic, which considers significant losses in forest productivity; and a more optimistic scenario which assumes the creation of new forest areas that contribute with carbon capture to prevent the increase in global temperature. The model predicts a higher volume of biomass for the optimistic scenario, with the consequent higher carbon capture than in the other two scenarios. The optimal solution for the felling strategy suggests that, to increase carbon capture, the rotation age should be prolonged and the felling rate decreased. The model also confirms that reforestation should be carried out immediately after felling, applying maximum reforestation effort in the optimistic and pessimistic scenarios. On the other hand, the model indicates that the maximum prevention effort should be applied during the life cycle of the plantation, which should be proportional to the biomass volume. Finally, the optimal solution for the thinning strategy indicates that in all three scenarios, the maximum thinning effort should be applied until the time when the fire prevention strategy begins.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/1/82ecological modelbiomass volumecarbon dioxideoptimal controlnumerical simulation |
| spellingShingle | Alex Altamirano-Fernández Alejandro Rojas-Palma Sergio Espinoza-Meza Optimal Management Strategies to Maximize Carbon Capture in Forest Plantations: A Case Study with <i>Pinus radiata</i> D. Don Forests ecological model biomass volume carbon dioxide optimal control numerical simulation |
| title | Optimal Management Strategies to Maximize Carbon Capture in Forest Plantations: A Case Study with <i>Pinus radiata</i> D. Don |
| title_full | Optimal Management Strategies to Maximize Carbon Capture in Forest Plantations: A Case Study with <i>Pinus radiata</i> D. Don |
| title_fullStr | Optimal Management Strategies to Maximize Carbon Capture in Forest Plantations: A Case Study with <i>Pinus radiata</i> D. Don |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimal Management Strategies to Maximize Carbon Capture in Forest Plantations: A Case Study with <i>Pinus radiata</i> D. Don |
| title_short | Optimal Management Strategies to Maximize Carbon Capture in Forest Plantations: A Case Study with <i>Pinus radiata</i> D. Don |
| title_sort | optimal management strategies to maximize carbon capture in forest plantations a case study with i pinus radiata i d don |
| topic | ecological model biomass volume carbon dioxide optimal control numerical simulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/1/82 |
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