Understanding the Opportunities to Mitigate Carryover of Imidazolinone Herbicides in Lowland Rice
(1) Background: The Clearfield™ system (CL) is currently the primary tool for selective weedy-rice management in irrigated rice. However, herbicide persistence in the soil may cause damage to successive crops. Thus, it is necessary to understand agricultural practices that can favor the dissipation...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Agriculture |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/4/299 |
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| author | Vinicios Rafael Gehrke Marcus Vinicius Fipke Luis Antonio de Avila Edinalvo Rabaioli Camargo |
| author_facet | Vinicios Rafael Gehrke Marcus Vinicius Fipke Luis Antonio de Avila Edinalvo Rabaioli Camargo |
| author_sort | Vinicios Rafael Gehrke |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: The Clearfield™ system (CL) is currently the primary tool for selective weedy-rice management in irrigated rice. However, herbicide persistence in the soil may cause damage to successive crops. Thus, it is necessary to understand agricultural practices that can favor the dissipation of these herbicides. The objective of this study was to analyze the factors that affect the persistence of imidazolinones and to use this information to provide management strategies to mitigate carryover in lowland rice. (2) Methods: A literature review was performed, and the publications were selected using the soil half-life parameter. The data were summarized according to the biotic conditions, soil parameters, and environmental variables. (3) Results: Imidazolinone dissipation in soil occurs primarily through biodegradation. The herbicide biodegradation rate depends on environmental conditions such as temperature and bioavailability of the herbicide in the soil. Herbicide bioavailability is affected by soil conditions, with higher bioavailability in soil with higher pH, less clayey texture, moderate organic matter content, and higher soil moisture levels. Therefore, environmental conditions that favor biological activity, especially high temperatures, reduce the herbicide half-life in the soil. Strategies to mitigate carryover should focus on improving herbicide availability and enhancing biological activity in the soil, especially in the rice off-season, when low temperatures limit herbicide biodegradation. Cover and rotational crops, such as ryegrass and soybean, are recommended, with the potential to mitigate soil residues. (4) Conclusions: The establishment of crops other than rice would automatically enhance degradation rates as soil amendment practices such as pH correction and drainage practices would favor soil availability and biological activity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:45:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4dcb045090e54ee9afbce8952f5e6210 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:45:26Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj.art-4dcb045090e54ee9afbce8952f5e62102023-11-21T13:31:41ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722021-03-0111429910.3390/agriculture11040299Understanding the Opportunities to Mitigate Carryover of Imidazolinone Herbicides in Lowland RiceVinicios Rafael Gehrke0Marcus Vinicius Fipke1Luis Antonio de Avila2Edinalvo Rabaioli Camargo3Crop Protection Graduate Program (Programa de pós Graduação em Fitossanidade), Federal University of Pelotas (Universidade Federal de Pelotas), Pelotas 96160-000, RS, BrazilCrop Protection Graduate Program (Programa de pós Graduação em Fitossanidade), Federal University of Pelotas (Universidade Federal de Pelotas), Pelotas 96160-000, RS, BrazilCrop Protection Graduate Program (Programa de pós Graduação em Fitossanidade), Federal University of Pelotas (Universidade Federal de Pelotas), Pelotas 96160-000, RS, BrazilCrop Protection Graduate Program (Programa de pós Graduação em Fitossanidade), Federal University of Pelotas (Universidade Federal de Pelotas), Pelotas 96160-000, RS, Brazil(1) Background: The Clearfield™ system (CL) is currently the primary tool for selective weedy-rice management in irrigated rice. However, herbicide persistence in the soil may cause damage to successive crops. Thus, it is necessary to understand agricultural practices that can favor the dissipation of these herbicides. The objective of this study was to analyze the factors that affect the persistence of imidazolinones and to use this information to provide management strategies to mitigate carryover in lowland rice. (2) Methods: A literature review was performed, and the publications were selected using the soil half-life parameter. The data were summarized according to the biotic conditions, soil parameters, and environmental variables. (3) Results: Imidazolinone dissipation in soil occurs primarily through biodegradation. The herbicide biodegradation rate depends on environmental conditions such as temperature and bioavailability of the herbicide in the soil. Herbicide bioavailability is affected by soil conditions, with higher bioavailability in soil with higher pH, less clayey texture, moderate organic matter content, and higher soil moisture levels. Therefore, environmental conditions that favor biological activity, especially high temperatures, reduce the herbicide half-life in the soil. Strategies to mitigate carryover should focus on improving herbicide availability and enhancing biological activity in the soil, especially in the rice off-season, when low temperatures limit herbicide biodegradation. Cover and rotational crops, such as ryegrass and soybean, are recommended, with the potential to mitigate soil residues. (4) Conclusions: The establishment of crops other than rice would automatically enhance degradation rates as soil amendment practices such as pH correction and drainage practices would favor soil availability and biological activity.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/4/299persistenceclearfieldlowlandhalf-life |
| spellingShingle | Vinicios Rafael Gehrke Marcus Vinicius Fipke Luis Antonio de Avila Edinalvo Rabaioli Camargo Understanding the Opportunities to Mitigate Carryover of Imidazolinone Herbicides in Lowland Rice Agriculture persistence clearfield lowland half-life |
| title | Understanding the Opportunities to Mitigate Carryover of Imidazolinone Herbicides in Lowland Rice |
| title_full | Understanding the Opportunities to Mitigate Carryover of Imidazolinone Herbicides in Lowland Rice |
| title_fullStr | Understanding the Opportunities to Mitigate Carryover of Imidazolinone Herbicides in Lowland Rice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Understanding the Opportunities to Mitigate Carryover of Imidazolinone Herbicides in Lowland Rice |
| title_short | Understanding the Opportunities to Mitigate Carryover of Imidazolinone Herbicides in Lowland Rice |
| title_sort | understanding the opportunities to mitigate carryover of imidazolinone herbicides in lowland rice |
| topic | persistence clearfield lowland half-life |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/4/299 |
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