N<sup>+</sup>-Implantation on Nb Coating as Protective Layer for Metal Bipolar Plate in PEMFCs and Their Electrochemical Characteristics
Nitrogen ions were implanted into the coated Nb layer by plasma immersion ion implantation to improve resistance to corrosion of a metal bipolar plate. Due to nitrogen implantation, the corrosion behavior of the Nb layer was enhanced. The electron microscope observation reveals that the microstructu...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-12-01
|
| Series: | Materials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/23/8612 |
| _version_ | 1797462794993401856 |
|---|---|
| author | Yu-Sung Kim Jin-Young Choi Cheong-Ha Kim In-Sik Lee Shinhee Jun Daeil Kim Byung-Chul Cha Dae-Wook Kim |
| author_facet | Yu-Sung Kim Jin-Young Choi Cheong-Ha Kim In-Sik Lee Shinhee Jun Daeil Kim Byung-Chul Cha Dae-Wook Kim |
| author_sort | Yu-Sung Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nitrogen ions were implanted into the coated Nb layer by plasma immersion ion implantation to improve resistance to corrosion of a metal bipolar plate. Due to nitrogen implantation, the corrosion behavior of the Nb layer was enhanced. The electron microscope observation reveals that the microstructure of the Nb layer became denser and had fewer defects with increasing implantation energy. As a result, the densified structure effectively prevented direct contact with the corrosive electrolyte. In addition, at a higher implantation rate (6.40 × 10<sup>17</sup> N<sub>2</sub>/cm<sup>2</sup>), a thin amorphous layer was formed on the surface, and the implanted nitrogen ions reacted at neighboring Nb sites, resulting in the localized formation of nitrides. Such phase and structural changes contributed to further improve corrosion resistance. In particular, the implanted Nb layer at bias voltage of 10 kV exhibited a current density more than one order of magnitude smaller with a two times faster stabilization than the as-deposited Nb layer under the PEMFC operating conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:41:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4dd12c71ffae462da4d095fbcc9c5eee |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:41:32Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-4dd12c71ffae462da4d095fbcc9c5eee2023-11-24T11:31:12ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-12-011523861210.3390/ma15238612N<sup>+</sup>-Implantation on Nb Coating as Protective Layer for Metal Bipolar Plate in PEMFCs and Their Electrochemical CharacteristicsYu-Sung Kim0Jin-Young Choi1Cheong-Ha Kim2In-Sik Lee3Shinhee Jun4Daeil Kim5Byung-Chul Cha6Dae-Wook Kim7Advanced Manufacturing Process R & D Group, Ulsan Regional Division, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), 55, Jongga-ro, Jung-gu, Ulsan 44313, Republic of KoreaAdvanced Manufacturing Process R & D Group, Ulsan Regional Division, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), 55, Jongga-ro, Jung-gu, Ulsan 44313, Republic of KoreaAdvanced Manufacturing Process R & D Group, Ulsan Regional Division, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), 55, Jongga-ro, Jung-gu, Ulsan 44313, Republic of KoreaAdvanced Manufacturing Process R & D Group, Ulsan Regional Division, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), 55, Jongga-ro, Jung-gu, Ulsan 44313, Republic of KoreaDAE-IL Co., 8, Bonggyenonggong-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan 44914, Republic of KoreaSchool of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Ulsan, 55-12, Techno Saneop-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44776, Republic of KoreaAdvanced Manufacturing Process R & D Group, Ulsan Regional Division, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), 55, Jongga-ro, Jung-gu, Ulsan 44313, Republic of KoreaAdvanced Manufacturing Process R & D Group, Ulsan Regional Division, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), 55, Jongga-ro, Jung-gu, Ulsan 44313, Republic of KoreaNitrogen ions were implanted into the coated Nb layer by plasma immersion ion implantation to improve resistance to corrosion of a metal bipolar plate. Due to nitrogen implantation, the corrosion behavior of the Nb layer was enhanced. The electron microscope observation reveals that the microstructure of the Nb layer became denser and had fewer defects with increasing implantation energy. As a result, the densified structure effectively prevented direct contact with the corrosive electrolyte. In addition, at a higher implantation rate (6.40 × 10<sup>17</sup> N<sub>2</sub>/cm<sup>2</sup>), a thin amorphous layer was formed on the surface, and the implanted nitrogen ions reacted at neighboring Nb sites, resulting in the localized formation of nitrides. Such phase and structural changes contributed to further improve corrosion resistance. In particular, the implanted Nb layer at bias voltage of 10 kV exhibited a current density more than one order of magnitude smaller with a two times faster stabilization than the as-deposited Nb layer under the PEMFC operating conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/23/8612plasma immersion ion implantationniobiumbipolar platecorrosion resistance |
| spellingShingle | Yu-Sung Kim Jin-Young Choi Cheong-Ha Kim In-Sik Lee Shinhee Jun Daeil Kim Byung-Chul Cha Dae-Wook Kim N<sup>+</sup>-Implantation on Nb Coating as Protective Layer for Metal Bipolar Plate in PEMFCs and Their Electrochemical Characteristics Materials plasma immersion ion implantation niobium bipolar plate corrosion resistance |
| title | N<sup>+</sup>-Implantation on Nb Coating as Protective Layer for Metal Bipolar Plate in PEMFCs and Their Electrochemical Characteristics |
| title_full | N<sup>+</sup>-Implantation on Nb Coating as Protective Layer for Metal Bipolar Plate in PEMFCs and Their Electrochemical Characteristics |
| title_fullStr | N<sup>+</sup>-Implantation on Nb Coating as Protective Layer for Metal Bipolar Plate in PEMFCs and Their Electrochemical Characteristics |
| title_full_unstemmed | N<sup>+</sup>-Implantation on Nb Coating as Protective Layer for Metal Bipolar Plate in PEMFCs and Their Electrochemical Characteristics |
| title_short | N<sup>+</sup>-Implantation on Nb Coating as Protective Layer for Metal Bipolar Plate in PEMFCs and Their Electrochemical Characteristics |
| title_sort | n sup sup implantation on nb coating as protective layer for metal bipolar plate in pemfcs and their electrochemical characteristics |
| topic | plasma immersion ion implantation niobium bipolar plate corrosion resistance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/23/8612 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yusungkim nsupsupimplantationonnbcoatingasprotectivelayerformetalbipolarplateinpemfcsandtheirelectrochemicalcharacteristics AT jinyoungchoi nsupsupimplantationonnbcoatingasprotectivelayerformetalbipolarplateinpemfcsandtheirelectrochemicalcharacteristics AT cheonghakim nsupsupimplantationonnbcoatingasprotectivelayerformetalbipolarplateinpemfcsandtheirelectrochemicalcharacteristics AT insiklee nsupsupimplantationonnbcoatingasprotectivelayerformetalbipolarplateinpemfcsandtheirelectrochemicalcharacteristics AT shinheejun nsupsupimplantationonnbcoatingasprotectivelayerformetalbipolarplateinpemfcsandtheirelectrochemicalcharacteristics AT daeilkim nsupsupimplantationonnbcoatingasprotectivelayerformetalbipolarplateinpemfcsandtheirelectrochemicalcharacteristics AT byungchulcha nsupsupimplantationonnbcoatingasprotectivelayerformetalbipolarplateinpemfcsandtheirelectrochemicalcharacteristics AT daewookkim nsupsupimplantationonnbcoatingasprotectivelayerformetalbipolarplateinpemfcsandtheirelectrochemicalcharacteristics |