RETRACTED: Liposomes: Structure, Biomedical Applications, and Stability Parameters With Emphasis on Cholesterol
Liposomes are essentially a subtype of nanoparticles comprising a hydrophobic tail and a hydrophilic head constituting a phospholipid membrane. The spherical or multilayered spherical structures of liposomes are highly rich in lipid contents with numerous criteria for their classification, including...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2021.705886/full |
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| author | Pooria Nakhaei Ria Margiana Ria Margiana Ria Margiana Dmitry O. Bokov Dmitry O. Bokov Walid Kamal Abdelbasset Walid Kamal Abdelbasset Mohammad Amin Jadidi Kouhbanani Rajender S. Varma Faroogh Marofi Mostafa Jarahian Nasrin Beheshtkhoo |
| author_facet | Pooria Nakhaei Ria Margiana Ria Margiana Ria Margiana Dmitry O. Bokov Dmitry O. Bokov Walid Kamal Abdelbasset Walid Kamal Abdelbasset Mohammad Amin Jadidi Kouhbanani Rajender S. Varma Faroogh Marofi Mostafa Jarahian Nasrin Beheshtkhoo |
| author_sort | Pooria Nakhaei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Liposomes are essentially a subtype of nanoparticles comprising a hydrophobic tail and a hydrophilic head constituting a phospholipid membrane. The spherical or multilayered spherical structures of liposomes are highly rich in lipid contents with numerous criteria for their classification, including structural features, structural parameters, and size, synthesis methods, preparation, and drug loading. Despite various liposomal applications, such as drug, vaccine/gene delivery, biosensors fabrication, diagnosis, and food products applications, their use encounters many limitations due to physico-chemical instability as their stability is vigorously affected by the constituting ingredients wherein cholesterol performs a vital role in the stability of the liposomal membrane. It has well established that cholesterol exerts its impact by controlling fluidity, permeability, membrane strength, elasticity and stiffness, transition temperature (Tm), drug retention, phospholipid packing, and plasma stability. Although the undetermined optimum amount of cholesterol for preparing a stable and controlled release vehicle has been the downside, but researchers are still focused on cholesterol as a promising material for the stability of liposomes necessitating explanation for the stability promotion of liposomes. Herein, the prior art pertaining to the liposomal appliances, especially for drug delivery in cancer therapy, and their stability emphasizing the roles of cholesterol. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T02:38:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4dd6c440ad294703a9ed54f808873736 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-4185 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T09:34:12Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology |
| spelling | doaj.art-4dd6c440ad294703a9ed54f8088737362024-04-15T12:24:51ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology2296-41852021-09-01910.3389/fbioe.2021.705886705886RETRACTED: Liposomes: Structure, Biomedical Applications, and Stability Parameters With Emphasis on CholesterolPooria Nakhaei0Ria Margiana1Ria Margiana2Ria Margiana3Dmitry O. Bokov4Dmitry O. Bokov5Walid Kamal Abdelbasset6Walid Kamal Abdelbasset7Mohammad Amin Jadidi Kouhbanani8Rajender S. Varma9Faroogh Marofi10Mostafa Jarahian11Nasrin Beheshtkhoo12School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, IndonesiaCipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, The National Referral Hospital, Central Jakarta, IndonesiaMaster’s Programme Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, IndonesiaInstitute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, RussiaLaboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology, and Food Safety, Moscow, RussiaDepartment of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, EgyptDepartment of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Czechia0Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia1Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran2Toxicology and Chemotherapy Unit (G401), German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, GermanyDepartment of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, CzechiaLiposomes are essentially a subtype of nanoparticles comprising a hydrophobic tail and a hydrophilic head constituting a phospholipid membrane. The spherical or multilayered spherical structures of liposomes are highly rich in lipid contents with numerous criteria for their classification, including structural features, structural parameters, and size, synthesis methods, preparation, and drug loading. Despite various liposomal applications, such as drug, vaccine/gene delivery, biosensors fabrication, diagnosis, and food products applications, their use encounters many limitations due to physico-chemical instability as their stability is vigorously affected by the constituting ingredients wherein cholesterol performs a vital role in the stability of the liposomal membrane. It has well established that cholesterol exerts its impact by controlling fluidity, permeability, membrane strength, elasticity and stiffness, transition temperature (Tm), drug retention, phospholipid packing, and plasma stability. Although the undetermined optimum amount of cholesterol for preparing a stable and controlled release vehicle has been the downside, but researchers are still focused on cholesterol as a promising material for the stability of liposomes necessitating explanation for the stability promotion of liposomes. Herein, the prior art pertaining to the liposomal appliances, especially for drug delivery in cancer therapy, and their stability emphasizing the roles of cholesterol.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2021.705886/fullliposomelipidscompoundscholesterolstability |
| spellingShingle | Pooria Nakhaei Ria Margiana Ria Margiana Ria Margiana Dmitry O. Bokov Dmitry O. Bokov Walid Kamal Abdelbasset Walid Kamal Abdelbasset Mohammad Amin Jadidi Kouhbanani Rajender S. Varma Faroogh Marofi Mostafa Jarahian Nasrin Beheshtkhoo RETRACTED: Liposomes: Structure, Biomedical Applications, and Stability Parameters With Emphasis on Cholesterol Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology liposome lipids compounds cholesterol stability |
| title | RETRACTED: Liposomes: Structure, Biomedical Applications, and Stability Parameters With Emphasis on Cholesterol |
| title_full | RETRACTED: Liposomes: Structure, Biomedical Applications, and Stability Parameters With Emphasis on Cholesterol |
| title_fullStr | RETRACTED: Liposomes: Structure, Biomedical Applications, and Stability Parameters With Emphasis on Cholesterol |
| title_full_unstemmed | RETRACTED: Liposomes: Structure, Biomedical Applications, and Stability Parameters With Emphasis on Cholesterol |
| title_short | RETRACTED: Liposomes: Structure, Biomedical Applications, and Stability Parameters With Emphasis on Cholesterol |
| title_sort | retracted liposomes structure biomedical applications and stability parameters with emphasis on cholesterol |
| topic | liposome lipids compounds cholesterol stability |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2021.705886/full |
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