Connecting Circuits with Networks in Addiction Neuroscience: A Salience Network Perspective
Human neuroimaging has demonstrated the existence of large-scale functional networks in the cerebral cortex consisting of topographically distant brain regions with functionally correlated activity. The salience network (SN), which is involved in detecting salient stimuli and mediating inter-network...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-05-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/10/9083 |
| _version_ | 1797599731428360192 |
|---|---|
| author | Adriana K. Cushnie Wei Tang Sarah R. Heilbronner |
| author_facet | Adriana K. Cushnie Wei Tang Sarah R. Heilbronner |
| author_sort | Adriana K. Cushnie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Human neuroimaging has demonstrated the existence of large-scale functional networks in the cerebral cortex consisting of topographically distant brain regions with functionally correlated activity. The salience network (SN), which is involved in detecting salient stimuli and mediating inter-network communication, is a crucial functional network that is disrupted in addiction. Individuals with addiction display dysfunctional structural and functional connectivity of the SN. Furthermore, while there is a growing body of evidence regarding the SN, addiction, and the relationship between the two, there are still many unknowns, and there are fundamental limitations to human neuroimaging studies. At the same time, advances in molecular and systems neuroscience techniques allow researchers to manipulate neural circuits in nonhuman animals with increasing precision. Here, we describe attempts to translate human functional networks to nonhuman animals to uncover circuit-level mechanisms. To do this, we review the structural and functional connections of the salience network and its homology across species. We then describe the existing literature in which circuit-specific perturbation of the SN sheds light on how functional cortical networks operate, both within and outside the context of addiction. Finally, we highlight key outstanding opportunities for mechanistic studies of the SN. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:38:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4dd7dd6b295148dab55b569c06e8f707 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:38:25Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-4dd7dd6b295148dab55b569c06e8f7072023-11-18T01:47:05ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-05-012410908310.3390/ijms24109083Connecting Circuits with Networks in Addiction Neuroscience: A Salience Network PerspectiveAdriana K. Cushnie0Wei Tang1Sarah R. Heilbronner2Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 2-164 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USADepartment of Computer Science, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47408, USADepartment of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, 2-164 Jackson Hall, 321 Church St. SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USAHuman neuroimaging has demonstrated the existence of large-scale functional networks in the cerebral cortex consisting of topographically distant brain regions with functionally correlated activity. The salience network (SN), which is involved in detecting salient stimuli and mediating inter-network communication, is a crucial functional network that is disrupted in addiction. Individuals with addiction display dysfunctional structural and functional connectivity of the SN. Furthermore, while there is a growing body of evidence regarding the SN, addiction, and the relationship between the two, there are still many unknowns, and there are fundamental limitations to human neuroimaging studies. At the same time, advances in molecular and systems neuroscience techniques allow researchers to manipulate neural circuits in nonhuman animals with increasing precision. Here, we describe attempts to translate human functional networks to nonhuman animals to uncover circuit-level mechanisms. To do this, we review the structural and functional connections of the salience network and its homology across species. We then describe the existing literature in which circuit-specific perturbation of the SN sheds light on how functional cortical networks operate, both within and outside the context of addiction. Finally, we highlight key outstanding opportunities for mechanistic studies of the SN.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/10/9083salience networkdefault mode networkaddictioninsulacingulate cortex |
| spellingShingle | Adriana K. Cushnie Wei Tang Sarah R. Heilbronner Connecting Circuits with Networks in Addiction Neuroscience: A Salience Network Perspective International Journal of Molecular Sciences salience network default mode network addiction insula cingulate cortex |
| title | Connecting Circuits with Networks in Addiction Neuroscience: A Salience Network Perspective |
| title_full | Connecting Circuits with Networks in Addiction Neuroscience: A Salience Network Perspective |
| title_fullStr | Connecting Circuits with Networks in Addiction Neuroscience: A Salience Network Perspective |
| title_full_unstemmed | Connecting Circuits with Networks in Addiction Neuroscience: A Salience Network Perspective |
| title_short | Connecting Circuits with Networks in Addiction Neuroscience: A Salience Network Perspective |
| title_sort | connecting circuits with networks in addiction neuroscience a salience network perspective |
| topic | salience network default mode network addiction insula cingulate cortex |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/10/9083 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT adrianakcushnie connectingcircuitswithnetworksinaddictionneuroscienceasaliencenetworkperspective AT weitang connectingcircuitswithnetworksinaddictionneuroscienceasaliencenetworkperspective AT sarahrheilbronner connectingcircuitswithnetworksinaddictionneuroscienceasaliencenetworkperspective |