Comprehensive landscape and future perspectives of circular RNAs in colorectal cancer
Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common hereditary tumor that is often fatal. Its pathogenesis involves multiple genes, including circular RNAs (circRNAs). Notably, circRNAs constitute a new class of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a covalently closed loop structure and have been characterized as...
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| Format: | Article |
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BMC
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Molecular Cancer |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-021-01318-6 |
| _version_ | 1818326784421134336 |
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| author | Fei Long Zhi Lin Liang Li Min Ma Zhixing Lu Liang Jing Xiaorong Li Changwei Lin |
| author_facet | Fei Long Zhi Lin Liang Li Min Ma Zhixing Lu Liang Jing Xiaorong Li Changwei Lin |
| author_sort | Fei Long |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common hereditary tumor that is often fatal. Its pathogenesis involves multiple genes, including circular RNAs (circRNAs). Notably, circRNAs constitute a new class of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a covalently closed loop structure and have been characterized as stable, conserved molecules that are abundantly expressed in tissue/development-specific patterns in eukaryotes. Based on accumulating evidence, circRNAs are aberrantly expressed in CRC tissues, cells, exosomes, and blood from patients with CRC. Moreover, numerous circRNAs have been identified as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors that mediate tumorigenesis, metastasis and chemoradiation resistance in CRC. Although the regulatory mechanisms of circRNA biogenesis and functions remain fairly elusive, interesting results have been obtained in studies investigating CRC. In particular, the expression of circRNAs in CRC is comprehensively modulated by multiple factors, such as splicing factors, transcription factors, specific enzymes and cis-acting elements. More importantly, circRNAs exert pivotal effects on CRC through various mechanisms, including acting as miRNA sponges or decoys, interacting with RNA binding proteins, and even translating functional peptides. Finally, circRNAs may serve as promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in the clinical practice of CRC. In this review, we discuss the dysregulation, functions and clinical significance of circRNAs in CRC and further discuss the molecular mechanisms by which circRNAs exert their functions and how their expression is regulated. Based on this review, we hope to reveal the functions of circRNAs in the initiation and progression of cancer and highlight the future perspectives on strategies targeting circRNAs in cancer research. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T12:05:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4ddce15c759442d0affed3815a9730df |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1476-4598 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T12:05:53Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecular Cancer |
| spelling | doaj.art-4ddce15c759442d0affed3815a9730df2022-12-21T23:46:58ZengBMCMolecular Cancer1476-45982021-02-0120112210.1186/s12943-021-01318-6Comprehensive landscape and future perspectives of circular RNAs in colorectal cancerFei Long0Zhi Lin1Liang Li2Min Ma3Zhixing Lu4Liang Jing5Xiaorong Li6Changwei Lin7Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityDepartment of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityClass 25 Grade 2016, The Five-Year Program in Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of South ChinaDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityDepartment of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityAbstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common hereditary tumor that is often fatal. Its pathogenesis involves multiple genes, including circular RNAs (circRNAs). Notably, circRNAs constitute a new class of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a covalently closed loop structure and have been characterized as stable, conserved molecules that are abundantly expressed in tissue/development-specific patterns in eukaryotes. Based on accumulating evidence, circRNAs are aberrantly expressed in CRC tissues, cells, exosomes, and blood from patients with CRC. Moreover, numerous circRNAs have been identified as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors that mediate tumorigenesis, metastasis and chemoradiation resistance in CRC. Although the regulatory mechanisms of circRNA biogenesis and functions remain fairly elusive, interesting results have been obtained in studies investigating CRC. In particular, the expression of circRNAs in CRC is comprehensively modulated by multiple factors, such as splicing factors, transcription factors, specific enzymes and cis-acting elements. More importantly, circRNAs exert pivotal effects on CRC through various mechanisms, including acting as miRNA sponges or decoys, interacting with RNA binding proteins, and even translating functional peptides. Finally, circRNAs may serve as promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in the clinical practice of CRC. In this review, we discuss the dysregulation, functions and clinical significance of circRNAs in CRC and further discuss the molecular mechanisms by which circRNAs exert their functions and how their expression is regulated. Based on this review, we hope to reveal the functions of circRNAs in the initiation and progression of cancer and highlight the future perspectives on strategies targeting circRNAs in cancer research.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-021-01318-6circRNAsceRNAsColorectal cancerDysregulationFunctionsMechanisms |
| spellingShingle | Fei Long Zhi Lin Liang Li Min Ma Zhixing Lu Liang Jing Xiaorong Li Changwei Lin Comprehensive landscape and future perspectives of circular RNAs in colorectal cancer Molecular Cancer circRNAs ceRNAs Colorectal cancer Dysregulation Functions Mechanisms |
| title | Comprehensive landscape and future perspectives of circular RNAs in colorectal cancer |
| title_full | Comprehensive landscape and future perspectives of circular RNAs in colorectal cancer |
| title_fullStr | Comprehensive landscape and future perspectives of circular RNAs in colorectal cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comprehensive landscape and future perspectives of circular RNAs in colorectal cancer |
| title_short | Comprehensive landscape and future perspectives of circular RNAs in colorectal cancer |
| title_sort | comprehensive landscape and future perspectives of circular rnas in colorectal cancer |
| topic | circRNAs ceRNAs Colorectal cancer Dysregulation Functions Mechanisms |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-021-01318-6 |
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