Maximizing biodiesel production from waste cooking oil with lime-based zinc-doped CaO using response surface methodology
Abstract Biodiesel is one of the alternative fuels, commonly produced chemically from oil and methanol using a catalyst. This study aims to maximize biodiesel production from cheap and readily available sources of waste cooking oil (WCO) and lime-based Zinc-doped calcium oxide (Zn-CaO) catalyst prep...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30961-w |
| _version_ | 1797864949328904192 |
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| author | Mebrhit Gebreyohanes Weldeslase Natei Ermias Benti Mekonnen Abebayehu Desta Yedilfana Setarge Mekonnen |
| author_facet | Mebrhit Gebreyohanes Weldeslase Natei Ermias Benti Mekonnen Abebayehu Desta Yedilfana Setarge Mekonnen |
| author_sort | Mebrhit Gebreyohanes Weldeslase |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Biodiesel is one of the alternative fuels, commonly produced chemically from oil and methanol using a catalyst. This study aims to maximize biodiesel production from cheap and readily available sources of waste cooking oil (WCO) and lime-based Zinc-doped calcium oxide (Zn-CaO) catalyst prepared with a wet impregnation process. The Zn-CaO nanocatalyst was produced by adding 5% Zn into the calcinated limestone. The morphology, crystal size, and vibrational energies of CaO and Zn-CaO nanocatalysts were determined using SEM, XRD, and FT-IR spectroscopy techniques, respectively. The response surface methodology (RSM), which is based on the box-Behnken design, was used to optimize the key variables of the transesterification reaction. Results showed that when Zn was doped to lime-based CaO, the average crystalline size reduced from 21.14 to 12.51 nm, consequently, structural irregularity and surface area increased. The experimental parameters of methanol to oil molar ratio (14:1), catalyst loading (5% wt.), temperature (57.5 °C), and reaction time (120 min) led to the highest biodiesel conversion of 96.5%. The fuel characteristics of the generated biodiesel fulfilled the American (ASTM D6571) fuel standards. The study suggests the potential use of WCO and lime-based catalyst as efficient and low-cost raw materials for large-scale biodiesel production intended for versatile applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T23:00:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4de2f3d8ed69423b8fd1a91ea58b6c16 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T23:00:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-4de2f3d8ed69423b8fd1a91ea58b6c162023-03-22T11:00:32ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-03-0113111410.1038/s41598-023-30961-wMaximizing biodiesel production from waste cooking oil with lime-based zinc-doped CaO using response surface methodologyMebrhit Gebreyohanes Weldeslase0Natei Ermias Benti1Mekonnen Abebayehu Desta2Yedilfana Setarge Mekonnen3Center for Environmental Science, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa UniversityComputational Data Science Program, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa UniversityDepartment of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa UniversityCenter for Environmental Science, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa UniversityAbstract Biodiesel is one of the alternative fuels, commonly produced chemically from oil and methanol using a catalyst. This study aims to maximize biodiesel production from cheap and readily available sources of waste cooking oil (WCO) and lime-based Zinc-doped calcium oxide (Zn-CaO) catalyst prepared with a wet impregnation process. The Zn-CaO nanocatalyst was produced by adding 5% Zn into the calcinated limestone. The morphology, crystal size, and vibrational energies of CaO and Zn-CaO nanocatalysts were determined using SEM, XRD, and FT-IR spectroscopy techniques, respectively. The response surface methodology (RSM), which is based on the box-Behnken design, was used to optimize the key variables of the transesterification reaction. Results showed that when Zn was doped to lime-based CaO, the average crystalline size reduced from 21.14 to 12.51 nm, consequently, structural irregularity and surface area increased. The experimental parameters of methanol to oil molar ratio (14:1), catalyst loading (5% wt.), temperature (57.5 °C), and reaction time (120 min) led to the highest biodiesel conversion of 96.5%. The fuel characteristics of the generated biodiesel fulfilled the American (ASTM D6571) fuel standards. The study suggests the potential use of WCO and lime-based catalyst as efficient and low-cost raw materials for large-scale biodiesel production intended for versatile applications.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30961-w |
| spellingShingle | Mebrhit Gebreyohanes Weldeslase Natei Ermias Benti Mekonnen Abebayehu Desta Yedilfana Setarge Mekonnen Maximizing biodiesel production from waste cooking oil with lime-based zinc-doped CaO using response surface methodology Scientific Reports |
| title | Maximizing biodiesel production from waste cooking oil with lime-based zinc-doped CaO using response surface methodology |
| title_full | Maximizing biodiesel production from waste cooking oil with lime-based zinc-doped CaO using response surface methodology |
| title_fullStr | Maximizing biodiesel production from waste cooking oil with lime-based zinc-doped CaO using response surface methodology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Maximizing biodiesel production from waste cooking oil with lime-based zinc-doped CaO using response surface methodology |
| title_short | Maximizing biodiesel production from waste cooking oil with lime-based zinc-doped CaO using response surface methodology |
| title_sort | maximizing biodiesel production from waste cooking oil with lime based zinc doped cao using response surface methodology |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-30961-w |
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