Efficient Optical Sensing Based on Phase Shift of Waves Supported by a One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal
Interferometric methods of optical sensing based on the phase shift of the Bloch surface waves (BSWs) and guided waves (GWs) supported by a one-dimensional photonic crystal are presented. The photonic crystal, composed of six SiO<sub>2</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> bilayers with a te...
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| author | Roman Kaňok Petr Hlubina Lucie Gembalová Dalibor Ciprian |
| author_facet | Roman Kaňok Petr Hlubina Lucie Gembalová Dalibor Ciprian |
| author_sort | Roman Kaňok |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Interferometric methods of optical sensing based on the phase shift of the Bloch surface waves (BSWs) and guided waves (GWs) supported by a one-dimensional photonic crystal are presented. The photonic crystal, composed of six SiO<sub>2</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> bilayers with a termination layer of TiO<sub>2</sub>, is employed in the Kretschmann configuration. Under resonance condition, an abrupt phase change is revealed, and the corresponding phase shift is measured by interferometric techniques applied in both the spectral and spatial domains. The spectral interferometric technique employing a birefringent quartz crystal is used to obtain interference of projections of <i>p</i>- and <i>s</i>-polarized light waves reflected from the photonic crystal. The phase shifts are retrieved by processing the spectral interferograms recorded for various values of relative humidity (RH) of air, giving the sensitivity to the RH as high as 0.029 rad/%RH and 0.012 rad/%RH for the BSW and GW, respectively. The spatial interferometric technique employs a Wollaston prism and an analyzer to generate an interference pattern, which is processed to retrieve the phase difference, and results are in good agreement with those obtained by sensing the phase shift in the spectral domain. In addition, from the derivative of the spectral phase shifts, the peak positions are obtained, and their changes with the RH give the sensitivities of 0.094 nm/%RH and 0.061 nm/%RH for the BSW and GW, respectively. These experimental results demonstrate an efficient optical sensing with a lot of applications in various research areas. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:51:01Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:51:01Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-4df8a98d87774357bb14a61ee7934ed32023-11-22T16:47:33ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-09-012119653510.3390/s21196535Efficient Optical Sensing Based on Phase Shift of Waves Supported by a One-Dimensional Photonic CrystalRoman Kaňok0Petr Hlubina1Lucie Gembalová2Dalibor Ciprian3Department of Physics, Technical University Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech RepublicDepartment of Physics, Technical University Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech RepublicDepartment of Physics, Technical University Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech RepublicDepartment of Physics, Technical University Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech RepublicInterferometric methods of optical sensing based on the phase shift of the Bloch surface waves (BSWs) and guided waves (GWs) supported by a one-dimensional photonic crystal are presented. The photonic crystal, composed of six SiO<sub>2</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> bilayers with a termination layer of TiO<sub>2</sub>, is employed in the Kretschmann configuration. Under resonance condition, an abrupt phase change is revealed, and the corresponding phase shift is measured by interferometric techniques applied in both the spectral and spatial domains. The spectral interferometric technique employing a birefringent quartz crystal is used to obtain interference of projections of <i>p</i>- and <i>s</i>-polarized light waves reflected from the photonic crystal. The phase shifts are retrieved by processing the spectral interferograms recorded for various values of relative humidity (RH) of air, giving the sensitivity to the RH as high as 0.029 rad/%RH and 0.012 rad/%RH for the BSW and GW, respectively. The spatial interferometric technique employs a Wollaston prism and an analyzer to generate an interference pattern, which is processed to retrieve the phase difference, and results are in good agreement with those obtained by sensing the phase shift in the spectral domain. In addition, from the derivative of the spectral phase shifts, the peak positions are obtained, and their changes with the RH give the sensitivities of 0.094 nm/%RH and 0.061 nm/%RH for the BSW and GW, respectively. These experimental results demonstrate an efficient optical sensing with a lot of applications in various research areas.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/19/6535photonic crystalinterferometryspectral domainspatial domainBloch surface wavesguided waves |
| spellingShingle | Roman Kaňok Petr Hlubina Lucie Gembalová Dalibor Ciprian Efficient Optical Sensing Based on Phase Shift of Waves Supported by a One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal Sensors photonic crystal interferometry spectral domain spatial domain Bloch surface waves guided waves |
| title | Efficient Optical Sensing Based on Phase Shift of Waves Supported by a One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal |
| title_full | Efficient Optical Sensing Based on Phase Shift of Waves Supported by a One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal |
| title_fullStr | Efficient Optical Sensing Based on Phase Shift of Waves Supported by a One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficient Optical Sensing Based on Phase Shift of Waves Supported by a One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal |
| title_short | Efficient Optical Sensing Based on Phase Shift of Waves Supported by a One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal |
| title_sort | efficient optical sensing based on phase shift of waves supported by a one dimensional photonic crystal |
| topic | photonic crystal interferometry spectral domain spatial domain Bloch surface waves guided waves |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/19/6535 |
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