Obesity-Related Metabolome and Gut Microbiota Profiles of Juvenile Göttingen Minipigs—Long-Term Intake of Fructose and Resistant Starch
The metabolome and gut microbiota were investigated in a juvenile Göttingen minipig model. This study aimed to explore the metabolic effects of two carbohydrate sources with different degrees of risk in obesity development when associated with a high fat intake. A high-risk (HR) high-fat diet contai...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Metabolites |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/10/11/456 |
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| author | Mihai V. Curtasu Valeria Tafintseva Zachary A. Bendiks Maria L. Marco Achim Kohler Yetong Xu Natalja P. Nørskov Helle Nygaard Lærke Knud Erik Bach Knudsen Mette Skou Hedemann |
| author_facet | Mihai V. Curtasu Valeria Tafintseva Zachary A. Bendiks Maria L. Marco Achim Kohler Yetong Xu Natalja P. Nørskov Helle Nygaard Lærke Knud Erik Bach Knudsen Mette Skou Hedemann |
| author_sort | Mihai V. Curtasu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The metabolome and gut microbiota were investigated in a juvenile Göttingen minipig model. This study aimed to explore the metabolic effects of two carbohydrate sources with different degrees of risk in obesity development when associated with a high fat intake. A high-risk (HR) high-fat diet containing 20% fructose was compared to a control lower-risk (LR) high-fat diet where a similar amount of carbohydrate was provided as a mix of digestible and resistant starch from high amylose maize. Both diets were fed <i>ad libitum</i>. Non-targeted metabolomics was used to explore plasma, urine, and feces samples over five months. Plasma and fecal short-chain fatty acids were targeted and quantified. Fecal microbiota was analyzed using genomic sequencing. Data analysis was performed using sparse multi-block partial least squares regression. The LR diet increased concentrations of fecal and plasma total short-chain fatty acids, primarily acetate, and there was a higher relative abundance of microbiota associated with acetate production such as <i>Bacteroidetes</i> and <i>Ruminococcus</i>. A higher proportion of <i>Firmicutes</i> was measured with the HR diet, together with a lower alpha diversity compared to the LR diet. Irrespective of diet, the <i>ad libitum</i> exposure to the high-energy diets was accompanied by well-known biomarkers associated with obesity and diabetes, particularly branched-chain amino acids, keto acids, and other catabolism metabolites. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:54:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4df8e0fb160d47fca74658664ca6825a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:54:52Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj.art-4df8e0fb160d47fca74658664ca6825a2023-11-20T20:42:53ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892020-11-01101145610.3390/metabo10110456Obesity-Related Metabolome and Gut Microbiota Profiles of Juvenile Göttingen Minipigs—Long-Term Intake of Fructose and Resistant StarchMihai V. Curtasu0Valeria Tafintseva1Zachary A. Bendiks2Maria L. Marco3Achim Kohler4Yetong Xu5Natalja P. Nørskov6Helle Nygaard Lærke7Knud Erik Bach Knudsen8Mette Skou Hedemann9Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Alle 20, DK-8830 Tjele, DenmarkFaculty of Science and Technology (RealTek), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Drøbakveien 31, 1430 Ås, NorwayDepartment of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USADepartment of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USAFaculty of Science and Technology (RealTek), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Drøbakveien 31, 1430 Ås, NorwayDepartment of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Alle 20, DK-8830 Tjele, DenmarkDepartment of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Alle 20, DK-8830 Tjele, DenmarkDepartment of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Alle 20, DK-8830 Tjele, DenmarkDepartment of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Alle 20, DK-8830 Tjele, DenmarkDepartment of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Blichers Alle 20, DK-8830 Tjele, DenmarkThe metabolome and gut microbiota were investigated in a juvenile Göttingen minipig model. This study aimed to explore the metabolic effects of two carbohydrate sources with different degrees of risk in obesity development when associated with a high fat intake. A high-risk (HR) high-fat diet containing 20% fructose was compared to a control lower-risk (LR) high-fat diet where a similar amount of carbohydrate was provided as a mix of digestible and resistant starch from high amylose maize. Both diets were fed <i>ad libitum</i>. Non-targeted metabolomics was used to explore plasma, urine, and feces samples over five months. Plasma and fecal short-chain fatty acids were targeted and quantified. Fecal microbiota was analyzed using genomic sequencing. Data analysis was performed using sparse multi-block partial least squares regression. The LR diet increased concentrations of fecal and plasma total short-chain fatty acids, primarily acetate, and there was a higher relative abundance of microbiota associated with acetate production such as <i>Bacteroidetes</i> and <i>Ruminococcus</i>. A higher proportion of <i>Firmicutes</i> was measured with the HR diet, together with a lower alpha diversity compared to the LR diet. Irrespective of diet, the <i>ad libitum</i> exposure to the high-energy diets was accompanied by well-known biomarkers associated with obesity and diabetes, particularly branched-chain amino acids, keto acids, and other catabolism metabolites.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/10/11/456miniature pigsnutritionmetabolic syndromemulti-block analysisobesity |
| spellingShingle | Mihai V. Curtasu Valeria Tafintseva Zachary A. Bendiks Maria L. Marco Achim Kohler Yetong Xu Natalja P. Nørskov Helle Nygaard Lærke Knud Erik Bach Knudsen Mette Skou Hedemann Obesity-Related Metabolome and Gut Microbiota Profiles of Juvenile Göttingen Minipigs—Long-Term Intake of Fructose and Resistant Starch Metabolites miniature pigs nutrition metabolic syndrome multi-block analysis obesity |
| title | Obesity-Related Metabolome and Gut Microbiota Profiles of Juvenile Göttingen Minipigs—Long-Term Intake of Fructose and Resistant Starch |
| title_full | Obesity-Related Metabolome and Gut Microbiota Profiles of Juvenile Göttingen Minipigs—Long-Term Intake of Fructose and Resistant Starch |
| title_fullStr | Obesity-Related Metabolome and Gut Microbiota Profiles of Juvenile Göttingen Minipigs—Long-Term Intake of Fructose and Resistant Starch |
| title_full_unstemmed | Obesity-Related Metabolome and Gut Microbiota Profiles of Juvenile Göttingen Minipigs—Long-Term Intake of Fructose and Resistant Starch |
| title_short | Obesity-Related Metabolome and Gut Microbiota Profiles of Juvenile Göttingen Minipigs—Long-Term Intake of Fructose and Resistant Starch |
| title_sort | obesity related metabolome and gut microbiota profiles of juvenile gottingen minipigs long term intake of fructose and resistant starch |
| topic | miniature pigs nutrition metabolic syndrome multi-block analysis obesity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/10/11/456 |
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