High Atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> Concentration Mitigates Drought Effects on <i>Acanthostyles buniifolius</i> an Important Grassland Weed in South America
The differential growth and yield response of plant species to rising carbon dioxide concentrations and climatic change may alter species diversity within biomes. The Pampa Biome in South America is an important grassland biome of agronomic and environmental importance. <i>Acanthostyles buniif...
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/17/2270 |
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| author | Tamara Heck Marcus Vinícius Fipke Rubens Antonio Polito Gustavo Maia Souza Dirceu Agostinetto Anderson Luis Nunes Luis Antonio de Avila |
| author_facet | Tamara Heck Marcus Vinícius Fipke Rubens Antonio Polito Gustavo Maia Souza Dirceu Agostinetto Anderson Luis Nunes Luis Antonio de Avila |
| author_sort | Tamara Heck |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The differential growth and yield response of plant species to rising carbon dioxide concentrations and climatic change may alter species diversity within biomes. The Pampa Biome in South America is an important grassland biome of agronomic and environmental importance. <i>Acanthostyles buniifolius</i> (Chirca) is one of the most important weeds in natural pasture areas widely distributed in southern South America and can adversely affect livestock production. The current study was designed to identify possible responses of Chirca to CO<sub>2</sub> concentration ([CO<sub>2</sub>]) and drought that would indicate higher adaptation and potential proliferation within the Pampa Biome. Chirca plants were cultivated at two CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations (400 (<i>a</i>[CO<sub>2</sub>]) and 700 (<i>e</i>[CO2]) µmol mol<sup>−1</sup>) and two water conditions (under water restriction—15% of the pot capacity; and plants without water restriction—pot capacity). Besides growth parameters, we also determined water potential (ѱw), relative water contents (RWC), proline, glycine betaine, total soluble sugars, hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity, chlorophyll A and B, carotenoids and root dry mass (RDM). Plants exposed to <i>e</i>[CO<sub>2</sub>] are more efficient in water use and have a greater increase in root dry mass, enabling greater adaptation to climate-induced droughts. Among the biochemical changes observed in the plants under drought stress, the accumulation of proline, glycine betaine, and total soluble sugars were the most evident mechanisms allowing plants to tolerate drought stress by osmotic adjustment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:22:48Z |
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| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:22:48Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
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| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-4e0942b80f1d46b282791b44416cd9902023-11-23T13:55:48ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-08-011117227010.3390/plants11172270High Atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> Concentration Mitigates Drought Effects on <i>Acanthostyles buniifolius</i> an Important Grassland Weed in South AmericaTamara Heck0Marcus Vinícius Fipke1Rubens Antonio Polito2Gustavo Maia Souza3Dirceu Agostinetto4Anderson Luis Nunes5Luis Antonio de Avila6Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Universitário, S/N, Capão do Leão 96160-000, RS, BrazilDepartment of Crop Protection, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Universitário, S/N, Capão do Leão 96160-000, RS, BrazilDepartment of Crop Protection, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Universitário, S/N, Capão do Leão 96160-000, RS, BrazilDepartment of Botany, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Universitário, S/N, Capão do Leão 96160-000, RS, BrazilDepartment of Crop Protection, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Universitário, S/N, Capão do Leão 96160-000, RS, BrazilDepartment of Crop Protection, Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Rodovia RS 135, Km 32,5 Distrito Eng. Luiz Englert, Sertão 99170-000, RS, BrazilDepartment of Crop Protection, Federal University of Pelotas, Campus Universitário, S/N, Capão do Leão 96160-000, RS, BrazilThe differential growth and yield response of plant species to rising carbon dioxide concentrations and climatic change may alter species diversity within biomes. The Pampa Biome in South America is an important grassland biome of agronomic and environmental importance. <i>Acanthostyles buniifolius</i> (Chirca) is one of the most important weeds in natural pasture areas widely distributed in southern South America and can adversely affect livestock production. The current study was designed to identify possible responses of Chirca to CO<sub>2</sub> concentration ([CO<sub>2</sub>]) and drought that would indicate higher adaptation and potential proliferation within the Pampa Biome. Chirca plants were cultivated at two CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations (400 (<i>a</i>[CO<sub>2</sub>]) and 700 (<i>e</i>[CO2]) µmol mol<sup>−1</sup>) and two water conditions (under water restriction—15% of the pot capacity; and plants without water restriction—pot capacity). Besides growth parameters, we also determined water potential (ѱw), relative water contents (RWC), proline, glycine betaine, total soluble sugars, hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity, chlorophyll A and B, carotenoids and root dry mass (RDM). Plants exposed to <i>e</i>[CO<sub>2</sub>] are more efficient in water use and have a greater increase in root dry mass, enabling greater adaptation to climate-induced droughts. Among the biochemical changes observed in the plants under drought stress, the accumulation of proline, glycine betaine, and total soluble sugars were the most evident mechanisms allowing plants to tolerate drought stress by osmotic adjustment.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/17/2270climate changedrought stressPampa BiomeChirca |
| spellingShingle | Tamara Heck Marcus Vinícius Fipke Rubens Antonio Polito Gustavo Maia Souza Dirceu Agostinetto Anderson Luis Nunes Luis Antonio de Avila High Atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> Concentration Mitigates Drought Effects on <i>Acanthostyles buniifolius</i> an Important Grassland Weed in South America Plants climate change drought stress Pampa Biome Chirca |
| title | High Atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> Concentration Mitigates Drought Effects on <i>Acanthostyles buniifolius</i> an Important Grassland Weed in South America |
| title_full | High Atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> Concentration Mitigates Drought Effects on <i>Acanthostyles buniifolius</i> an Important Grassland Weed in South America |
| title_fullStr | High Atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> Concentration Mitigates Drought Effects on <i>Acanthostyles buniifolius</i> an Important Grassland Weed in South America |
| title_full_unstemmed | High Atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> Concentration Mitigates Drought Effects on <i>Acanthostyles buniifolius</i> an Important Grassland Weed in South America |
| title_short | High Atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> Concentration Mitigates Drought Effects on <i>Acanthostyles buniifolius</i> an Important Grassland Weed in South America |
| title_sort | high atmospheric co sub 2 sub concentration mitigates drought effects on i acanthostyles buniifolius i an important grassland weed in south america |
| topic | climate change drought stress Pampa Biome Chirca |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/17/2270 |
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