Transcriptome Profiling to Dissect the Role of Genome Duplication on Graft Compatibility Mechanisms in Watermelon
Watermelon (<i>Citrullus lanatus</i>) is a popular crop worldwide. Compared to diploid seeded watermelon, triploid seedless watermelon cultivars are in great demand. Grafting in triploid and tetraploid watermelon produces few seedlings. To learn more about how genome duplication affects...
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| author | Mohamed Omar Kaseb Muhammad Jawad Umer Muhammad Anees Hongju Zhu Shengjie Zhao Xuqiang Lu Nan He Eman El-Remaly Ahmed El-Eslamboly Ahmed F. Yousef Ehab A. A. Salama Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei Hazem M. Kalaji Wenge Liu |
| author_facet | Mohamed Omar Kaseb Muhammad Jawad Umer Muhammad Anees Hongju Zhu Shengjie Zhao Xuqiang Lu Nan He Eman El-Remaly Ahmed El-Eslamboly Ahmed F. Yousef Ehab A. A. Salama Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei Hazem M. Kalaji Wenge Liu |
| author_sort | Mohamed Omar Kaseb |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Watermelon (<i>Citrullus lanatus</i>) is a popular crop worldwide. Compared to diploid seeded watermelon, triploid seedless watermelon cultivars are in great demand. Grafting in triploid and tetraploid watermelon produces few seedlings. To learn more about how genome duplication affects graft compatibility, we compared the transcriptomes of tetraploid and diploid watermelons grafted on squash rootstock using a splicing technique. WGCNA was used to compare the expression of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between diploid and tetraploid watermelon grafted seedlings at 0, 3, and 15 days after grafting (DAG). Only four gene networks/modules correlated significantly with phenotypic characteristics. We found 11 genes implicated in hormone, AOX, and starch metabolism in these modules based on intramodular significance and RT-qPCR. Among these genes, two were linked with IAA (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.81), one with ZR (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.85) and one with POD (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.74). In the MElightsteelblue1 module, <i>Cla97C11G224830</i> gene was linked with CAT (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.81). Two genes from the MEivory module, <i>Cla97C07G139710</i> and <i>Cla97C04G077300</i>, were highly linked with SOD (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.72). <i>Cla97C01G023850</i> and <i>Cla97C01G006680</i> from the MEdarkolivegreen module were associated with sugars and starch (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.87). Tetraploid grafted seedlings had higher survival rates and hormone, AOX, sugar, and starch levels than diploids. We believe that compatibility is a complicated issue that requires further molecular research. We found that genome duplication dramatically altered gene expression in the grafted plants’ IAA and ZR signal transduction pathways and AOX biosynthesis pathways, regulating hormone levels and improving plant survival. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:08:00Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:08:00Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
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| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-4e2fb00f62fd4b95b938b96dcdf6e0062023-12-01T00:51:46ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372022-04-0111457510.3390/biology11040575Transcriptome Profiling to Dissect the Role of Genome Duplication on Graft Compatibility Mechanisms in WatermelonMohamed Omar Kaseb0Muhammad Jawad Umer1Muhammad Anees2Hongju Zhu3Shengjie Zhao4Xuqiang Lu5Nan He6Eman El-Remaly7Ahmed El-Eslamboly8Ahmed F. Yousef9Ehab A. A. Salama10Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei11Hazem M. Kalaji12Wenge Liu13Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou 450009, ChinaZhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou 450009, ChinaZhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou 450009, ChinaZhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou 450009, ChinaZhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou 450009, ChinaZhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou 450009, ChinaZhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou 450009, ChinaCross Pollenated Plants Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12119, EgyptCross Pollenated Plants Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12119, EgyptDepartment of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University (Branch Assiut), Assiut 71524, EgyptAgricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, EgyptDepartment of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 1145, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 02-787 Warsaw, PolandZhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou 450009, ChinaWatermelon (<i>Citrullus lanatus</i>) is a popular crop worldwide. Compared to diploid seeded watermelon, triploid seedless watermelon cultivars are in great demand. Grafting in triploid and tetraploid watermelon produces few seedlings. To learn more about how genome duplication affects graft compatibility, we compared the transcriptomes of tetraploid and diploid watermelons grafted on squash rootstock using a splicing technique. WGCNA was used to compare the expression of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between diploid and tetraploid watermelon grafted seedlings at 0, 3, and 15 days after grafting (DAG). Only four gene networks/modules correlated significantly with phenotypic characteristics. We found 11 genes implicated in hormone, AOX, and starch metabolism in these modules based on intramodular significance and RT-qPCR. Among these genes, two were linked with IAA (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.81), one with ZR (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.85) and one with POD (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.74). In the MElightsteelblue1 module, <i>Cla97C11G224830</i> gene was linked with CAT (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.81). Two genes from the MEivory module, <i>Cla97C07G139710</i> and <i>Cla97C04G077300</i>, were highly linked with SOD (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.72). <i>Cla97C01G023850</i> and <i>Cla97C01G006680</i> from the MEdarkolivegreen module were associated with sugars and starch (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.87). Tetraploid grafted seedlings had higher survival rates and hormone, AOX, sugar, and starch levels than diploids. We believe that compatibility is a complicated issue that requires further molecular research. We found that genome duplication dramatically altered gene expression in the grafted plants’ IAA and ZR signal transduction pathways and AOX biosynthesis pathways, regulating hormone levels and improving plant survival.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/4/575WGCNAdiploidtetraploidIAA and ZR signalpathwayshormones antioxidants (AOX) |
| spellingShingle | Mohamed Omar Kaseb Muhammad Jawad Umer Muhammad Anees Hongju Zhu Shengjie Zhao Xuqiang Lu Nan He Eman El-Remaly Ahmed El-Eslamboly Ahmed F. Yousef Ehab A. A. Salama Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei Hazem M. Kalaji Wenge Liu Transcriptome Profiling to Dissect the Role of Genome Duplication on Graft Compatibility Mechanisms in Watermelon Biology WGCNA diploid tetraploid IAA and ZR signal pathways hormones antioxidants (AOX) |
| title | Transcriptome Profiling to Dissect the Role of Genome Duplication on Graft Compatibility Mechanisms in Watermelon |
| title_full | Transcriptome Profiling to Dissect the Role of Genome Duplication on Graft Compatibility Mechanisms in Watermelon |
| title_fullStr | Transcriptome Profiling to Dissect the Role of Genome Duplication on Graft Compatibility Mechanisms in Watermelon |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcriptome Profiling to Dissect the Role of Genome Duplication on Graft Compatibility Mechanisms in Watermelon |
| title_short | Transcriptome Profiling to Dissect the Role of Genome Duplication on Graft Compatibility Mechanisms in Watermelon |
| title_sort | transcriptome profiling to dissect the role of genome duplication on graft compatibility mechanisms in watermelon |
| topic | WGCNA diploid tetraploid IAA and ZR signal pathways hormones antioxidants (AOX) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/11/4/575 |
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