Neuroblast Distribution After Cortical Impact is Influenced by White Matter Injury in the Immature Gyrencephalic Brain.
Cortical contusions are a common type of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children. Current knowledge of neuroblast response to cortical injury arises primarily from studies utilizing aspiration or cryoinjury in rodents. In infants and children, cortical impact affects both gray and white matter and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2016-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnins.2016.00387/full |
| _version_ | 1818945428960313344 |
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| author | Sabrina Taylor Colin Smith Kristen Keeley Declan McGuone Carter Dodge Ann-Christine Duhaime Ann-Christine Duhaime Beth Costine Beth Costine |
| author_facet | Sabrina Taylor Colin Smith Kristen Keeley Declan McGuone Carter Dodge Ann-Christine Duhaime Ann-Christine Duhaime Beth Costine Beth Costine |
| author_sort | Sabrina Taylor |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cortical contusions are a common type of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children. Current knowledge of neuroblast response to cortical injury arises primarily from studies utilizing aspiration or cryoinjury in rodents. In infants and children, cortical impact affects both gray and white matter and any neurogenic response may be complicated by the large expanse of white matter between the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the cortex, and the large number of neuroblasts in transit along the major white matter tracts to populate brain regions. Previously, we described an age-dependent increase of neuroblasts in the SVZ in response to cortical impact in the immature gyrencephalic brain. Here, we investigate if neuroblasts target the injury, if white matter injury influences repair efforts, and if postnatal population of brain regions are disrupted. Piglets received a cortical impact to the rostral gyrus cortex or sham surgery at postnatal day (PND) 7, BrdU 2 days prior to (PND 5 and 6) or after injury (PND 7 and 8), and brains were collected at PND 14. Injury did not alter the number of neuroblasts in the white matter between the SVZ and the rostral gyrus. In the gray matter of the injury site, neuroblast density was increased in cavitated lesions, and the number of BrdU+ neuroblasts was increased, but comprised less than 1% of all neuroblasts. In the white matter of the injury site, neuroblasts with differentiating morphology were densely arranged along the cavity edge. In a ventral migratory stream, neuroblast density was greater in subjects with a cavitated lesion, indicating that TBI may alter postnatal development of regions supplied by that stream. Cortical impact in the immature gyrencephalic brain produced complicated and variable lesions, increased neuroblast density in cavitated gray matter, resulted in potentially differentiating neuroblasts in the white matter, and may alter the postnatal population of brain regions utilizing a population of neuroblasts that were born prior to PND 5. This platform may be useful to continue to study potential complications of white matter injury and alterations of postnatal population of brain regions, which may contribute to the chronic effects of TBI in children. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T07:58:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4e40aee00b7740f797c08e457acc8344 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-453X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T07:58:58Z |
| publishDate | 2016-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-4e40aee00b7740f797c08e457acc83442022-12-21T19:47:34ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neuroscience1662-453X2016-08-011010.3389/fnins.2016.00387211123Neuroblast Distribution After Cortical Impact is Influenced by White Matter Injury in the Immature Gyrencephalic Brain.Sabrina Taylor0Colin Smith1Kristen Keeley2Declan McGuone3Carter Dodge4Ann-Christine Duhaime5Ann-Christine Duhaime6Beth Costine7Beth Costine8Spaulding Rehabilitation HospitalMassachusetts General HospitalMassachusetts General HospitalThe Office of Chief Medical ExaminerChildren’s Hospital at DartmouthMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCortical contusions are a common type of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children. Current knowledge of neuroblast response to cortical injury arises primarily from studies utilizing aspiration or cryoinjury in rodents. In infants and children, cortical impact affects both gray and white matter and any neurogenic response may be complicated by the large expanse of white matter between the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the cortex, and the large number of neuroblasts in transit along the major white matter tracts to populate brain regions. Previously, we described an age-dependent increase of neuroblasts in the SVZ in response to cortical impact in the immature gyrencephalic brain. Here, we investigate if neuroblasts target the injury, if white matter injury influences repair efforts, and if postnatal population of brain regions are disrupted. Piglets received a cortical impact to the rostral gyrus cortex or sham surgery at postnatal day (PND) 7, BrdU 2 days prior to (PND 5 and 6) or after injury (PND 7 and 8), and brains were collected at PND 14. Injury did not alter the number of neuroblasts in the white matter between the SVZ and the rostral gyrus. In the gray matter of the injury site, neuroblast density was increased in cavitated lesions, and the number of BrdU+ neuroblasts was increased, but comprised less than 1% of all neuroblasts. In the white matter of the injury site, neuroblasts with differentiating morphology were densely arranged along the cavity edge. In a ventral migratory stream, neuroblast density was greater in subjects with a cavitated lesion, indicating that TBI may alter postnatal development of regions supplied by that stream. Cortical impact in the immature gyrencephalic brain produced complicated and variable lesions, increased neuroblast density in cavitated gray matter, resulted in potentially differentiating neuroblasts in the white matter, and may alter the postnatal population of brain regions utilizing a population of neuroblasts that were born prior to PND 5. This platform may be useful to continue to study potential complications of white matter injury and alterations of postnatal population of brain regions, which may contribute to the chronic effects of TBI in children.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnins.2016.00387/fullNeurogenesisplasticitycalretinindoublecortininterstitial neuronsTraumatic brain injury (TBI) |
| spellingShingle | Sabrina Taylor Colin Smith Kristen Keeley Declan McGuone Carter Dodge Ann-Christine Duhaime Ann-Christine Duhaime Beth Costine Beth Costine Neuroblast Distribution After Cortical Impact is Influenced by White Matter Injury in the Immature Gyrencephalic Brain. Frontiers in Neuroscience Neurogenesis plasticity calretinin doublecortin interstitial neurons Traumatic brain injury (TBI) |
| title | Neuroblast Distribution After Cortical Impact is Influenced by White Matter Injury in the Immature Gyrencephalic Brain. |
| title_full | Neuroblast Distribution After Cortical Impact is Influenced by White Matter Injury in the Immature Gyrencephalic Brain. |
| title_fullStr | Neuroblast Distribution After Cortical Impact is Influenced by White Matter Injury in the Immature Gyrencephalic Brain. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neuroblast Distribution After Cortical Impact is Influenced by White Matter Injury in the Immature Gyrencephalic Brain. |
| title_short | Neuroblast Distribution After Cortical Impact is Influenced by White Matter Injury in the Immature Gyrencephalic Brain. |
| title_sort | neuroblast distribution after cortical impact is influenced by white matter injury in the immature gyrencephalic brain |
| topic | Neurogenesis plasticity calretinin doublecortin interstitial neurons Traumatic brain injury (TBI) |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnins.2016.00387/full |
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