Geometry-Based Computational Fluid Dynamic Model for Predicting the Biological Behavior of Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds
The use of biocompatible and biodegradable porous scaffolds produced via additive manufacturing is one of the most common approaches in tissue engineering. The geometric design of tissue engineering scaffolds (e.g., pore size, pore shape, and pore distribution) has a significant impact on their biol...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Functional Biomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/13/3/104 |
| _version_ | 1797486499160129536 |
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| author | Abdalla M. Omar Mohamed H. Hassan Evangelos Daskalakis Gokhan Ates Charlie J. Bright Zhanyan Xu Emily J. Powell Wajira Mirihanage Paulo J. D. S. Bartolo |
| author_facet | Abdalla M. Omar Mohamed H. Hassan Evangelos Daskalakis Gokhan Ates Charlie J. Bright Zhanyan Xu Emily J. Powell Wajira Mirihanage Paulo J. D. S. Bartolo |
| author_sort | Abdalla M. Omar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The use of biocompatible and biodegradable porous scaffolds produced via additive manufacturing is one of the most common approaches in tissue engineering. The geometric design of tissue engineering scaffolds (e.g., pore size, pore shape, and pore distribution) has a significant impact on their biological behavior. Fluid flow dynamics are important for understanding blood flow through a porous structure, as they determine the transport of nutrients and oxygen to cells and the flushing of toxic waste. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of the scaffold architecture, pore size and distribution on its biological performance using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Different blood flow velocities (BFV) induce wall shear stresses (WSS) on cells. WSS values above 30 mPa are detrimental to their growth. In this study, two scaffold designs were considered: rectangular scaffolds with uniform square pores (300, 350, and 450 µm), and anatomically designed circular scaffolds with a bone-like structure and pore size gradient (476–979 µm). The anatomically designed scaffolds provided the best fluid flow conditions, suggesting a 24.21% improvement in the biological performance compared to the rectangular scaffolds. The numerical observations are aligned with those of previously reported biological studies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:35:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4e410f68c265422297ea6ebfe4042c11 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4983 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:35:00Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Functional Biomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-4e410f68c265422297ea6ebfe4042c112023-11-23T17:03:06ZengMDPI AGJournal of Functional Biomaterials2079-49832022-07-0113310410.3390/jfb13030104Geometry-Based Computational Fluid Dynamic Model for Predicting the Biological Behavior of Bone Tissue Engineering ScaffoldsAbdalla M. Omar0Mohamed H. Hassan1Evangelos Daskalakis2Gokhan Ates3Charlie J. Bright4Zhanyan Xu5Emily J. Powell6Wajira Mirihanage7Paulo J. D. S. Bartolo8Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKDepartment of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKDepartment of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKDepartment of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKDepartment of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKDepartment of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKDepartment of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKDepartment of Materials, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKDepartment of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UKThe use of biocompatible and biodegradable porous scaffolds produced via additive manufacturing is one of the most common approaches in tissue engineering. The geometric design of tissue engineering scaffolds (e.g., pore size, pore shape, and pore distribution) has a significant impact on their biological behavior. Fluid flow dynamics are important for understanding blood flow through a porous structure, as they determine the transport of nutrients and oxygen to cells and the flushing of toxic waste. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of the scaffold architecture, pore size and distribution on its biological performance using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Different blood flow velocities (BFV) induce wall shear stresses (WSS) on cells. WSS values above 30 mPa are detrimental to their growth. In this study, two scaffold designs were considered: rectangular scaffolds with uniform square pores (300, 350, and 450 µm), and anatomically designed circular scaffolds with a bone-like structure and pore size gradient (476–979 µm). The anatomically designed scaffolds provided the best fluid flow conditions, suggesting a 24.21% improvement in the biological performance compared to the rectangular scaffolds. The numerical observations are aligned with those of previously reported biological studies.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/13/3/104additive manufacturingbone scaffoldscell viabilitycomputational fluid dynamicsscaffold geometry |
| spellingShingle | Abdalla M. Omar Mohamed H. Hassan Evangelos Daskalakis Gokhan Ates Charlie J. Bright Zhanyan Xu Emily J. Powell Wajira Mirihanage Paulo J. D. S. Bartolo Geometry-Based Computational Fluid Dynamic Model for Predicting the Biological Behavior of Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Journal of Functional Biomaterials additive manufacturing bone scaffolds cell viability computational fluid dynamics scaffold geometry |
| title | Geometry-Based Computational Fluid Dynamic Model for Predicting the Biological Behavior of Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds |
| title_full | Geometry-Based Computational Fluid Dynamic Model for Predicting the Biological Behavior of Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds |
| title_fullStr | Geometry-Based Computational Fluid Dynamic Model for Predicting the Biological Behavior of Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds |
| title_full_unstemmed | Geometry-Based Computational Fluid Dynamic Model for Predicting the Biological Behavior of Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds |
| title_short | Geometry-Based Computational Fluid Dynamic Model for Predicting the Biological Behavior of Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds |
| title_sort | geometry based computational fluid dynamic model for predicting the biological behavior of bone tissue engineering scaffolds |
| topic | additive manufacturing bone scaffolds cell viability computational fluid dynamics scaffold geometry |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/13/3/104 |
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