A new type of flexible CP12 protein in the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana
Abstract Background CP12 is a small chloroplast protein that is widespread in various photosynthetic organisms and is an actor of the redox signaling pathway involved in the regulation of the Calvin Benson Bassham (CBB) cycle. The gene encoding this protein is conserved in many diatoms, but the prot...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Cell Communication and Signaling |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12964-021-00718-x |
| _version_ | 1818615647913902080 |
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| author | Hui Shao Wenmin Huang Luisana Avilan Véronique Receveur-Bréchot Carine Puppo Rémy Puppo Régine Lebrun Brigitte Gontero Hélène Launay |
| author_facet | Hui Shao Wenmin Huang Luisana Avilan Véronique Receveur-Bréchot Carine Puppo Rémy Puppo Régine Lebrun Brigitte Gontero Hélène Launay |
| author_sort | Hui Shao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background CP12 is a small chloroplast protein that is widespread in various photosynthetic organisms and is an actor of the redox signaling pathway involved in the regulation of the Calvin Benson Bassham (CBB) cycle. The gene encoding this protein is conserved in many diatoms, but the protein has been overlooked in these organisms, despite their ecological importance and their complex and still enigmatic evolutionary background. Methods A combination of biochemical, bioinformatics and biophysical methods including electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry, circular dichroism, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and small X ray scattering, was used to characterize a diatom CP12. Results Here, we demonstrate that CP12 is expressed in the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana constitutively in dark-treated and in continuous light-treated cells as well as in all growth phases. This CP12 similarly to its homologues in other species has some features of intrinsically disorder protein family: it behaves abnormally under gel electrophoresis and size exclusion chromatography, has a high net charge and a bias amino acid composition. By contrast, unlike other known CP12 proteins that are monomers, this protein is a dimer as suggested by native electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry and small angle X-ray scattering. In addition, small angle X-ray scattering revealed that this CP12 is an elongated cylinder with kinks. Circular dichroism spectra indicated that CP12 has a high content of α-helices, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy suggested that these helices are unstable and dynamic within a millisecond timescale. Together with in silico predictions, these results suggest that T. pseudonana CP12 has both coiled coil and disordered regions. Conclusions These findings bring new insights into the large family of dynamic proteins containing disordered regions, thus increasing the diversity of known CP12 proteins. As it is a protein that is more abundant in many stresses, it is not devoted to one metabolism and in particular, it is not specific to carbon metabolism. This raises questions about the role of this protein in addition to the well-established regulation of the CBB cycle. Choregraphy of metabolism by CP12 proteins in Viridiplantae and Heterokonta. While the monomeric CP12 in Viridiplantae is involved in carbon assimilation, regulating phosphoribulokinase (PRK) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) through the formation of a ternary complex, in Heterokonta studied so far, the dimeric CP12 is associated with Ferredoxin-NADP reductase (FNR) and GAPDH. The Viridiplantae CP12 can bind metal ions and can be a chaperone, the Heterokonta CP12 is more abundant in all stresses (C, N, Si, P limited conditions) and is not specific to a metabolism. Video Abstract |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T16:37:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4e4c48ef4c2b4d27a67852a813d51d1b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1478-811X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T16:37:14Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | Cell Communication and Signaling |
| spelling | doaj.art-4e4c48ef4c2b4d27a67852a813d51d1b2022-12-21T22:24:26ZengBMCCell Communication and Signaling1478-811X2021-03-0119111310.1186/s12964-021-00718-xA new type of flexible CP12 protein in the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonanaHui Shao0Wenmin Huang1Luisana Avilan2Véronique Receveur-Bréchot3Carine Puppo4Rémy Puppo5Régine Lebrun6Brigitte Gontero7Hélène Launay8CNRS, BIP UMR 7281, Aix Marseille UnivCNRS, BIP UMR 7281, Aix Marseille UnivCNRS, BIP UMR 7281, Aix Marseille UnivCNRS, BIP UMR 7281, Aix Marseille UnivCNRS, BIP UMR 7281, Aix Marseille UnivCNRS FR 3479, Plate-Forme Protéomique de L’Institut de Microbiologie de La Méditerranée (IMM), Aix Marseille UnivCNRS FR 3479, Plate-Forme Protéomique de L’Institut de Microbiologie de La Méditerranée (IMM), Aix Marseille UnivCNRS, BIP UMR 7281, Aix Marseille UnivCNRS, BIP UMR 7281, Aix Marseille UnivAbstract Background CP12 is a small chloroplast protein that is widespread in various photosynthetic organisms and is an actor of the redox signaling pathway involved in the regulation of the Calvin Benson Bassham (CBB) cycle. The gene encoding this protein is conserved in many diatoms, but the protein has been overlooked in these organisms, despite their ecological importance and their complex and still enigmatic evolutionary background. Methods A combination of biochemical, bioinformatics and biophysical methods including electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry, circular dichroism, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and small X ray scattering, was used to characterize a diatom CP12. Results Here, we demonstrate that CP12 is expressed in the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana constitutively in dark-treated and in continuous light-treated cells as well as in all growth phases. This CP12 similarly to its homologues in other species has some features of intrinsically disorder protein family: it behaves abnormally under gel electrophoresis and size exclusion chromatography, has a high net charge and a bias amino acid composition. By contrast, unlike other known CP12 proteins that are monomers, this protein is a dimer as suggested by native electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry and small angle X-ray scattering. In addition, small angle X-ray scattering revealed that this CP12 is an elongated cylinder with kinks. Circular dichroism spectra indicated that CP12 has a high content of α-helices, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy suggested that these helices are unstable and dynamic within a millisecond timescale. Together with in silico predictions, these results suggest that T. pseudonana CP12 has both coiled coil and disordered regions. Conclusions These findings bring new insights into the large family of dynamic proteins containing disordered regions, thus increasing the diversity of known CP12 proteins. As it is a protein that is more abundant in many stresses, it is not devoted to one metabolism and in particular, it is not specific to carbon metabolism. This raises questions about the role of this protein in addition to the well-established regulation of the CBB cycle. Choregraphy of metabolism by CP12 proteins in Viridiplantae and Heterokonta. While the monomeric CP12 in Viridiplantae is involved in carbon assimilation, regulating phosphoribulokinase (PRK) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) through the formation of a ternary complex, in Heterokonta studied so far, the dimeric CP12 is associated with Ferredoxin-NADP reductase (FNR) and GAPDH. The Viridiplantae CP12 can bind metal ions and can be a chaperone, the Heterokonta CP12 is more abundant in all stresses (C, N, Si, P limited conditions) and is not specific to a metabolism. Video Abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12964-021-00718-xCoiled coilDiatomIntrinsically disordered protein IDPNuclear magnetic resonancePhotosynthesisSmall angle X-ray scattering |
| spellingShingle | Hui Shao Wenmin Huang Luisana Avilan Véronique Receveur-Bréchot Carine Puppo Rémy Puppo Régine Lebrun Brigitte Gontero Hélène Launay A new type of flexible CP12 protein in the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana Cell Communication and Signaling Coiled coil Diatom Intrinsically disordered protein IDP Nuclear magnetic resonance Photosynthesis Small angle X-ray scattering |
| title | A new type of flexible CP12 protein in the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana |
| title_full | A new type of flexible CP12 protein in the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana |
| title_fullStr | A new type of flexible CP12 protein in the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana |
| title_full_unstemmed | A new type of flexible CP12 protein in the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana |
| title_short | A new type of flexible CP12 protein in the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana |
| title_sort | new type of flexible cp12 protein in the marine diatom thalassiosira pseudonana |
| topic | Coiled coil Diatom Intrinsically disordered protein IDP Nuclear magnetic resonance Photosynthesis Small angle X-ray scattering |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12964-021-00718-x |
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