Non-Invasive Hybrid Ultrasound Stimulation of Visual Cortex In Vivo
The optic nerve is the second cranial nerve (CN II) that connects and transmits visual information between the retina and the brain. Severe damage to the optic nerve often leads to distorted vision, vision loss, and even blindness. Such damage can be caused by various types of degenerative diseases,...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Bioengineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/10/5/577 |
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| author | Chen Gong Runze Li Gengxi Lu Jie Ji Yushun Zeng Jiawen Chen Chifeng Chang Junhang Zhang Lily Xia Deepthi S. Rajendran Nair Biju B. Thomas Brian J. Song Mark S. Humayun Qifa Zhou |
| author_facet | Chen Gong Runze Li Gengxi Lu Jie Ji Yushun Zeng Jiawen Chen Chifeng Chang Junhang Zhang Lily Xia Deepthi S. Rajendran Nair Biju B. Thomas Brian J. Song Mark S. Humayun Qifa Zhou |
| author_sort | Chen Gong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The optic nerve is the second cranial nerve (CN II) that connects and transmits visual information between the retina and the brain. Severe damage to the optic nerve often leads to distorted vision, vision loss, and even blindness. Such damage can be caused by various types of degenerative diseases, such as glaucoma and traumatic optic neuropathy, and result in an impaired visual pathway. To date, researchers have not found a viable therapeutic method to restore the impaired visual pathway; however, in this paper, a newly synthesized model is proposed to bypass the damaged portion of the visual pathway and set up a direct connection between a stimulated visual input and the visual cortex (VC) using Low-frequency Ring-transducer Ultrasound Stimulation (LRUS). In this study, by utilizing and integrating various advanced ultrasonic and neurological technologies, the following advantages are achieved by the proposed LRUS model: 1. This is a non-invasive procedure that uses enhanced sound field intensity to overcome the loss of ultrasound signal due to the blockage of the skull. 2. The simulated visual signal generated by LRUS in the visual-cortex-elicited neuronal response in the visual cortex is comparable to light stimulation of the retina. The result was confirmed by a combination of real-time electrophysiology and fiber photometry. 3. VC showed a faster response rate under LRUS than light stimulation through the retina. These results suggest a potential non-invasive therapeutic method for restoring vision in optic-nerve-impaired patients using ultrasound stimulation (US). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:55:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4e58dd74c7834c5fa3989066f5b49957 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2306-5354 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:55:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Bioengineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-4e58dd74c7834c5fa3989066f5b499572023-11-18T00:31:31ZengMDPI AGBioengineering2306-53542023-05-0110557710.3390/bioengineering10050577Non-Invasive Hybrid Ultrasound Stimulation of Visual Cortex In VivoChen Gong0Runze Li1Gengxi Lu2Jie Ji3Yushun Zeng4Jiawen Chen5Chifeng Chang6Junhang Zhang7Lily Xia8Deepthi S. Rajendran Nair9Biju B. Thomas10Brian J. Song11Mark S. Humayun12Qifa Zhou13Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USADepartment of Neurobiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USAUSC Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USAUSC Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USAUSC Roski Eye Institute, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USAThe optic nerve is the second cranial nerve (CN II) that connects and transmits visual information between the retina and the brain. Severe damage to the optic nerve often leads to distorted vision, vision loss, and even blindness. Such damage can be caused by various types of degenerative diseases, such as glaucoma and traumatic optic neuropathy, and result in an impaired visual pathway. To date, researchers have not found a viable therapeutic method to restore the impaired visual pathway; however, in this paper, a newly synthesized model is proposed to bypass the damaged portion of the visual pathway and set up a direct connection between a stimulated visual input and the visual cortex (VC) using Low-frequency Ring-transducer Ultrasound Stimulation (LRUS). In this study, by utilizing and integrating various advanced ultrasonic and neurological technologies, the following advantages are achieved by the proposed LRUS model: 1. This is a non-invasive procedure that uses enhanced sound field intensity to overcome the loss of ultrasound signal due to the blockage of the skull. 2. The simulated visual signal generated by LRUS in the visual-cortex-elicited neuronal response in the visual cortex is comparable to light stimulation of the retina. The result was confirmed by a combination of real-time electrophysiology and fiber photometry. 3. VC showed a faster response rate under LRUS than light stimulation through the retina. These results suggest a potential non-invasive therapeutic method for restoring vision in optic-nerve-impaired patients using ultrasound stimulation (US).https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/10/5/577vision restorationoptic nerve damagenon-invasiveultrasound stimulationvisual cortexelectrophysiology |
| spellingShingle | Chen Gong Runze Li Gengxi Lu Jie Ji Yushun Zeng Jiawen Chen Chifeng Chang Junhang Zhang Lily Xia Deepthi S. Rajendran Nair Biju B. Thomas Brian J. Song Mark S. Humayun Qifa Zhou Non-Invasive Hybrid Ultrasound Stimulation of Visual Cortex In Vivo Bioengineering vision restoration optic nerve damage non-invasive ultrasound stimulation visual cortex electrophysiology |
| title | Non-Invasive Hybrid Ultrasound Stimulation of Visual Cortex In Vivo |
| title_full | Non-Invasive Hybrid Ultrasound Stimulation of Visual Cortex In Vivo |
| title_fullStr | Non-Invasive Hybrid Ultrasound Stimulation of Visual Cortex In Vivo |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-Invasive Hybrid Ultrasound Stimulation of Visual Cortex In Vivo |
| title_short | Non-Invasive Hybrid Ultrasound Stimulation of Visual Cortex In Vivo |
| title_sort | non invasive hybrid ultrasound stimulation of visual cortex in vivo |
| topic | vision restoration optic nerve damage non-invasive ultrasound stimulation visual cortex electrophysiology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/10/5/577 |
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