Botulinum Toxin Injections to Manage Sequelae of Peripheral Facial Palsy
Long-standing facial palsy sequelae cause functional, aesthetic, and psychological problems in patients. Botulinum toxin is an effective way to manage them, but no standardized recommendations exist. Through this non-systematic review, we aimed to guide any practitioner willing to master the ins and...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Toxins |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/16/3/161 |
| _version_ | 1827304909476724736 |
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| author | Fabienne Carré Jérémy Amar Frédéric Tankéré Claire Foirest |
| author_facet | Fabienne Carré Jérémy Amar Frédéric Tankéré Claire Foirest |
| author_sort | Fabienne Carré |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Long-standing facial palsy sequelae cause functional, aesthetic, and psychological problems in patients. Botulinum toxin is an effective way to manage them, but no standardized recommendations exist. Through this non-systematic review, we aimed to guide any practitioner willing to master the ins and outs of this activity. We reviewed the existing literature and completed, with our experience as a reference center, different strategies of botulinum toxin injections used in facial palsy patients, including history, physiopathology, facial analysis, dosages, injection sites, and techniques, as well as time intervals between injections. The reader will find all the theorical information needed to best guide injections according to the patient’s complaint, which is the most important information to consider. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:47:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4e6a1a9965f54555bf2df0fb271dc1d5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6651 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:47:08Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxins |
| spelling | doaj.art-4e6a1a9965f54555bf2df0fb271dc1d52024-03-27T14:06:27ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512024-03-0116316110.3390/toxins16030161Botulinum Toxin Injections to Manage Sequelae of Peripheral Facial PalsyFabienne Carré0Jérémy Amar1Frédéric Tankéré2Claire Foirest3ENT Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière’s Hospital, Sorbonne Université, 7-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FranceENT Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière’s Hospital, Sorbonne Université, 7-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FranceENT Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière’s Hospital, Sorbonne Université, 7-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FranceENT Department, Pitié-Salpêtrière’s Hospital, Sorbonne Université, 7-83 Boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, FranceLong-standing facial palsy sequelae cause functional, aesthetic, and psychological problems in patients. Botulinum toxin is an effective way to manage them, but no standardized recommendations exist. Through this non-systematic review, we aimed to guide any practitioner willing to master the ins and outs of this activity. We reviewed the existing literature and completed, with our experience as a reference center, different strategies of botulinum toxin injections used in facial palsy patients, including history, physiopathology, facial analysis, dosages, injection sites, and techniques, as well as time intervals between injections. The reader will find all the theorical information needed to best guide injections according to the patient’s complaint, which is the most important information to consider.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/16/3/161botulinum toxinfacial paresissynkinesissequelaefacial asymmetrypost paralytic facial spasm |
| spellingShingle | Fabienne Carré Jérémy Amar Frédéric Tankéré Claire Foirest Botulinum Toxin Injections to Manage Sequelae of Peripheral Facial Palsy Toxins botulinum toxin facial paresis synkinesis sequelae facial asymmetry post paralytic facial spasm |
| title | Botulinum Toxin Injections to Manage Sequelae of Peripheral Facial Palsy |
| title_full | Botulinum Toxin Injections to Manage Sequelae of Peripheral Facial Palsy |
| title_fullStr | Botulinum Toxin Injections to Manage Sequelae of Peripheral Facial Palsy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Botulinum Toxin Injections to Manage Sequelae of Peripheral Facial Palsy |
| title_short | Botulinum Toxin Injections to Manage Sequelae of Peripheral Facial Palsy |
| title_sort | botulinum toxin injections to manage sequelae of peripheral facial palsy |
| topic | botulinum toxin facial paresis synkinesis sequelae facial asymmetry post paralytic facial spasm |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/16/3/161 |
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