Developmental status of human immunodeficiency virus-exposed uninfected premature infants compared with premature infants who are human immunodeficiency virus unexposed and uninfected
Background: There is growing concern about the developmental outcome of infants exposed to HIV in utero. HIV-infected women are at greater risk of premature delivery which poses a further developmental risk factor. Objectives: To determine whether there is a difference between the development of pr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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AOSIS
2020-06-01
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| Series: | South African Journal of Physiotherapy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://sajp.co.za/index.php/sajp/article/view/1401 |
| _version_ | 1817980094737547264 |
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| author | Charne Cox Joanne Potterton Samantha Rosie |
| author_facet | Charne Cox Joanne Potterton Samantha Rosie |
| author_sort | Charne Cox |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: There is growing concern about the developmental outcome of infants exposed to HIV in utero. HIV-infected women are at greater risk of premature delivery which poses a further developmental risk factor.
Objectives: To determine whether there is a difference between the development of premature infants born at 28–37 weeks gestational age that are HIV exposed but uninfected (HEU) compared with HIV-unexposed uninfected infants (HUU).
Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a Johannesburg state hospital. Thirty HEU and 30 HUU infants, aged between 16 days and six months, were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development III.
Results: The two groups were well matched for gestational age and birth weight; however, more HUU infants presented with neonatal complications. HUU infants had lower developmental scores than HEU infants in the language (p = 0.003) and motor (p = 0.037) subscales. Expressive language was more affected in the HUU infants (p = 0.001), and fine (p = 0.001) and gross motor (p = 0.03) were affected as well. HUU infants with neonatal complications such as meningitis (p = 0.02) and neonatal jaundice (NNJ) (p = 0.01) are more likely to present with language and motor delay.
Conclusion: Meningitis and NNJ have more impact on infant development than in-utero HIV and ARV exposure.
Clinical implications: It is important for all premature infants to be screened regularly in order to diagnose developmental delays early so as to ensure early intervention and improved quality of life. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T22:50:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4e6ef06ae8564028a509e915ebd3b7fb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0379-6175 2410-8219 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T22:50:15Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | AOSIS |
| record_format | Article |
| series | South African Journal of Physiotherapy |
| spelling | doaj.art-4e6ef06ae8564028a509e915ebd3b7fb2022-12-22T02:26:13ZengAOSISSouth African Journal of Physiotherapy0379-61752410-82192020-06-01761e1e610.4102/sajp.v76i1.14011302Developmental status of human immunodeficiency virus-exposed uninfected premature infants compared with premature infants who are human immunodeficiency virus unexposed and uninfectedCharne Cox0Joanne Potterton1Samantha Rosie2Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, JohannesburgDepartment of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, JohannesburgDepartment of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, JohannesburgBackground: There is growing concern about the developmental outcome of infants exposed to HIV in utero. HIV-infected women are at greater risk of premature delivery which poses a further developmental risk factor. Objectives: To determine whether there is a difference between the development of premature infants born at 28–37 weeks gestational age that are HIV exposed but uninfected (HEU) compared with HIV-unexposed uninfected infants (HUU). Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a Johannesburg state hospital. Thirty HEU and 30 HUU infants, aged between 16 days and six months, were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development III. Results: The two groups were well matched for gestational age and birth weight; however, more HUU infants presented with neonatal complications. HUU infants had lower developmental scores than HEU infants in the language (p = 0.003) and motor (p = 0.037) subscales. Expressive language was more affected in the HUU infants (p = 0.001), and fine (p = 0.001) and gross motor (p = 0.03) were affected as well. HUU infants with neonatal complications such as meningitis (p = 0.02) and neonatal jaundice (NNJ) (p = 0.01) are more likely to present with language and motor delay. Conclusion: Meningitis and NNJ have more impact on infant development than in-utero HIV and ARV exposure. Clinical implications: It is important for all premature infants to be screened regularly in order to diagnose developmental delays early so as to ensure early intervention and improved quality of life.https://sajp.co.za/index.php/sajp/article/view/1401hiv exposedprematuredevelopmentinfantsneonatal complicationsneonatal jaundice |
| spellingShingle | Charne Cox Joanne Potterton Samantha Rosie Developmental status of human immunodeficiency virus-exposed uninfected premature infants compared with premature infants who are human immunodeficiency virus unexposed and uninfected South African Journal of Physiotherapy hiv exposed premature development infants neonatal complications neonatal jaundice |
| title | Developmental status of human immunodeficiency virus-exposed uninfected premature infants compared with premature infants who are human immunodeficiency virus unexposed and uninfected |
| title_full | Developmental status of human immunodeficiency virus-exposed uninfected premature infants compared with premature infants who are human immunodeficiency virus unexposed and uninfected |
| title_fullStr | Developmental status of human immunodeficiency virus-exposed uninfected premature infants compared with premature infants who are human immunodeficiency virus unexposed and uninfected |
| title_full_unstemmed | Developmental status of human immunodeficiency virus-exposed uninfected premature infants compared with premature infants who are human immunodeficiency virus unexposed and uninfected |
| title_short | Developmental status of human immunodeficiency virus-exposed uninfected premature infants compared with premature infants who are human immunodeficiency virus unexposed and uninfected |
| title_sort | developmental status of human immunodeficiency virus exposed uninfected premature infants compared with premature infants who are human immunodeficiency virus unexposed and uninfected |
| topic | hiv exposed premature development infants neonatal complications neonatal jaundice |
| url | https://sajp.co.za/index.php/sajp/article/view/1401 |
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