A multi-scale computational model of the effects of TMS on motor cortex [version 3; referees: 2 approved]
The detailed biophysical mechanisms through which transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) activates cortical circuits are still not fully understood. Here we present a multi-scale computational model to describe and explain the activation of different pyramidal cell types in motor cortex due to TMS....
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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F1000 Research Ltd
2017-05-01
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| Online Access: | https://f1000research.com/articles/5-1945/v3 |
| _version_ | 1819065967045509120 |
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| author | Hyeon Seo Natalie Schaworonkow Sung Chan Jun Jochen Triesch |
| author_facet | Hyeon Seo Natalie Schaworonkow Sung Chan Jun Jochen Triesch |
| author_sort | Hyeon Seo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The detailed biophysical mechanisms through which transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) activates cortical circuits are still not fully understood. Here we present a multi-scale computational model to describe and explain the activation of different pyramidal cell types in motor cortex due to TMS. Our model determines precise electric fields based on an individual head model derived from magnetic resonance imaging and calculates how these electric fields activate morphologically detailed models of different neuron types. We predict neural activation patterns for different coil orientations consistent with experimental findings. Beyond this, our model allows us to calculate activation thresholds for individual neurons and precise initiation sites of individual action potentials on the neurons’ complex morphologies. Specifically, our model predicts that cortical layer 3 pyramidal neurons are generally easier to stimulate than layer 5 pyramidal neurons, thereby explaining the lower stimulation thresholds observed for I-waves compared to D-waves. It also shows differences in the regions of activated cortical layer 5 and layer 3 pyramidal cells depending on coil orientation. Finally, it predicts that under standard stimulation conditions, action potentials are mostly generated at the axon initial segment of cortical pyramidal cells, with a much less important activation site being the part of a layer 5 pyramidal cell axon where it crosses the boundary between grey matter and white matter. In conclusion, our computational model offers a detailed account of the mechanisms through which TMS activates different cortical pyramidal cell types, paving the way for more targeted application of TMS based on individual brain morphology in clinical and basic research settings. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T15:54:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4e8b2f31e1a746288b489cf5c9a503d6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2046-1402 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T15:54:52Z |
| publishDate | 2017-05-01 |
| publisher | F1000 Research Ltd |
| record_format | Article |
| series | F1000Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-4e8b2f31e1a746288b489cf5c9a503d62022-12-21T18:58:07ZengF1000 Research LtdF1000Research2046-14022017-05-01510.12688/f1000research.9277.312345A multi-scale computational model of the effects of TMS on motor cortex [version 3; referees: 2 approved]Hyeon Seo0Natalie Schaworonkow1Sung Chan Jun2Jochen Triesch3School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea, SouthFrankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Frankfurt am Main, GermanySchool of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea, SouthFrankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Frankfurt am Main, GermanyThe detailed biophysical mechanisms through which transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) activates cortical circuits are still not fully understood. Here we present a multi-scale computational model to describe and explain the activation of different pyramidal cell types in motor cortex due to TMS. Our model determines precise electric fields based on an individual head model derived from magnetic resonance imaging and calculates how these electric fields activate morphologically detailed models of different neuron types. We predict neural activation patterns for different coil orientations consistent with experimental findings. Beyond this, our model allows us to calculate activation thresholds for individual neurons and precise initiation sites of individual action potentials on the neurons’ complex morphologies. Specifically, our model predicts that cortical layer 3 pyramidal neurons are generally easier to stimulate than layer 5 pyramidal neurons, thereby explaining the lower stimulation thresholds observed for I-waves compared to D-waves. It also shows differences in the regions of activated cortical layer 5 and layer 3 pyramidal cells depending on coil orientation. Finally, it predicts that under standard stimulation conditions, action potentials are mostly generated at the axon initial segment of cortical pyramidal cells, with a much less important activation site being the part of a layer 5 pyramidal cell axon where it crosses the boundary between grey matter and white matter. In conclusion, our computational model offers a detailed account of the mechanisms through which TMS activates different cortical pyramidal cell types, paving the way for more targeted application of TMS based on individual brain morphology in clinical and basic research settings.https://f1000research.com/articles/5-1945/v3Theoretical & Computational Neuroscience |
| spellingShingle | Hyeon Seo Natalie Schaworonkow Sung Chan Jun Jochen Triesch A multi-scale computational model of the effects of TMS on motor cortex [version 3; referees: 2 approved] F1000Research Theoretical & Computational Neuroscience |
| title | A multi-scale computational model of the effects of TMS on motor cortex [version 3; referees: 2 approved] |
| title_full | A multi-scale computational model of the effects of TMS on motor cortex [version 3; referees: 2 approved] |
| title_fullStr | A multi-scale computational model of the effects of TMS on motor cortex [version 3; referees: 2 approved] |
| title_full_unstemmed | A multi-scale computational model of the effects of TMS on motor cortex [version 3; referees: 2 approved] |
| title_short | A multi-scale computational model of the effects of TMS on motor cortex [version 3; referees: 2 approved] |
| title_sort | multi scale computational model of the effects of tms on motor cortex version 3 referees 2 approved |
| topic | Theoretical & Computational Neuroscience |
| url | https://f1000research.com/articles/5-1945/v3 |
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