Phenotypic Stability of Sex and Expression of Sex Identification Markers in the Adult Yesso Scallop <i>Mizuhopecten yessoensis</i> throughout the Reproductive Cycle
The objective of the present study was to analyze the phenotypic stability of sex after sex differentiation in the Yesso scallop, which is a gonochoristic species that has been described as protandrous. So far, no study has investigated in detail the sexual fate of the scallop after completion of se...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-05-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/9/5/277 |
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| author | Kazue Nagasawa Tongchai Thitiphuree Makoto Osada |
| author_facet | Kazue Nagasawa Tongchai Thitiphuree Makoto Osada |
| author_sort | Kazue Nagasawa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of the present study was to analyze the phenotypic stability of sex after sex differentiation in the Yesso scallop, which is a gonochoristic species that has been described as protandrous. So far, no study has investigated in detail the sexual fate of the scallop after completion of sex differentiation, although bivalve species often show annual sex change. In the present study, we performed a tracking experiment to analyze the phenotypic stability of sex in scallops between one and two years of age. We also conducted molecular marker analyses to describe sex differentiation and gonad development. The results of the tracking experiment revealed that all scallops maintained their initial sex phenotype, as identified in the last reproductive period. Using molecular analyses, we characterized <i>my-dmrt2</i> and <i>my-foxl2</i> as sex identification markers for the testis and ovary, respectively. We conclude by proposing that the Yesso scallop is a sex-stable bivalve after its initial sex differentiation and that it maintains a sex-stable maturation system throughout its life. The sex-specific molecular markers identified in this study are useful tools to assess the reproductive status of the Yesso scallop. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T02:11:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4e97361a17a049809dbd97b5ed9cd6a7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T02:11:52Z |
| publishDate | 2019-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-4e97361a17a049809dbd97b5ed9cd6a72022-12-21T19:19:21ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152019-05-019527710.3390/ani9050277ani9050277Phenotypic Stability of Sex and Expression of Sex Identification Markers in the Adult Yesso Scallop <i>Mizuhopecten yessoensis</i> throughout the Reproductive CycleKazue Nagasawa0Tongchai Thitiphuree1Makoto Osada2Laboratory of Aquacultural Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8572, JapanLaboratory of Aquacultural Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8572, JapanLaboratory of Aquacultural Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8572, JapanThe objective of the present study was to analyze the phenotypic stability of sex after sex differentiation in the Yesso scallop, which is a gonochoristic species that has been described as protandrous. So far, no study has investigated in detail the sexual fate of the scallop after completion of sex differentiation, although bivalve species often show annual sex change. In the present study, we performed a tracking experiment to analyze the phenotypic stability of sex in scallops between one and two years of age. We also conducted molecular marker analyses to describe sex differentiation and gonad development. The results of the tracking experiment revealed that all scallops maintained their initial sex phenotype, as identified in the last reproductive period. Using molecular analyses, we characterized <i>my-dmrt2</i> and <i>my-foxl2</i> as sex identification markers for the testis and ovary, respectively. We conclude by proposing that the Yesso scallop is a sex-stable bivalve after its initial sex differentiation and that it maintains a sex-stable maturation system throughout its life. The sex-specific molecular markers identified in this study are useful tools to assess the reproductive status of the Yesso scallop.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/9/5/277bivalvemolluskreproductiongonochorismprotandry<i>Patinopecten</i> |
| spellingShingle | Kazue Nagasawa Tongchai Thitiphuree Makoto Osada Phenotypic Stability of Sex and Expression of Sex Identification Markers in the Adult Yesso Scallop <i>Mizuhopecten yessoensis</i> throughout the Reproductive Cycle Animals bivalve mollusk reproduction gonochorism protandry <i>Patinopecten</i> |
| title | Phenotypic Stability of Sex and Expression of Sex Identification Markers in the Adult Yesso Scallop <i>Mizuhopecten yessoensis</i> throughout the Reproductive Cycle |
| title_full | Phenotypic Stability of Sex and Expression of Sex Identification Markers in the Adult Yesso Scallop <i>Mizuhopecten yessoensis</i> throughout the Reproductive Cycle |
| title_fullStr | Phenotypic Stability of Sex and Expression of Sex Identification Markers in the Adult Yesso Scallop <i>Mizuhopecten yessoensis</i> throughout the Reproductive Cycle |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phenotypic Stability of Sex and Expression of Sex Identification Markers in the Adult Yesso Scallop <i>Mizuhopecten yessoensis</i> throughout the Reproductive Cycle |
| title_short | Phenotypic Stability of Sex and Expression of Sex Identification Markers in the Adult Yesso Scallop <i>Mizuhopecten yessoensis</i> throughout the Reproductive Cycle |
| title_sort | phenotypic stability of sex and expression of sex identification markers in the adult yesso scallop i mizuhopecten yessoensis i throughout the reproductive cycle |
| topic | bivalve mollusk reproduction gonochorism protandry <i>Patinopecten</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/9/5/277 |
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