Effect of Carotenoids from <i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</i> on Palmitate-Treated HepG2 Cells
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease represents the most common liver disease and is characterized by an excess of lipid accumulation in hepatocytes, mainly stored as triglycerides. <i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</i> is a marine microalga, which is rich in bioactive molecules known to be hepa...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/12/2845 |
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| author | Claire Mayer Martine Côme Vincent Blanckaert Graziella Chini Zittelli Cecilia Faraloni Hassan Nazih Khadija Ouguerram Virginie Mimouni Benoît Chénais |
| author_facet | Claire Mayer Martine Côme Vincent Blanckaert Graziella Chini Zittelli Cecilia Faraloni Hassan Nazih Khadija Ouguerram Virginie Mimouni Benoît Chénais |
| author_sort | Claire Mayer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease represents the most common liver disease and is characterized by an excess of lipid accumulation in hepatocytes, mainly stored as triglycerides. <i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</i> is a marine microalga, which is rich in bioactive molecules known to be hepatoprotective, such as <i>n</i>-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and fucoxanthin. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a carotenoid extract from <i>P. tricornutum</i> in a cellular model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by palmitate treatment. The combined effects of carotenoids and lipids, especially <i>n</i>-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, were also investigated by using a total lipophilic extract. HepG2 cells were exposed for 24 h to 250 µM palmitate with or without the addition of carotenoid extract (6 μg/mL) or total lipophilic extract (100 μg/mL). The addition of carotenoid extract or total lipophilic extract prevented the accumulation of triglycerides, total cholesterol and cholesterol esters. The carotenoid extract and total lipophilic extract also decreased the mRNA expression levels of genes involved in lipogenesis (<i>ACACA</i>, <i>FASN</i>, <i>SCD</i> and <i>DGAT1</i>) and cholesterol esterification (<i>ACAT1</i>/<i>SOAT1</i>). In addition, the total lipophilic extract also downregulated the <i>LXR/NR1H3</i> and <i>SREBF1</i> genes, which are involved in lipogenesis regulation. By contrast, the carotenoid extract increased the mRNA level of <i>CPT1A</i>, a β-oxidation related gene, and reduced the lipid droplet accumulation. In conclusion, this study highlights the preventive effects against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease of the two microalga extracts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:01:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4ea27b7faab246c5b1680d2874283659 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:01:06Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-4ea27b7faab246c5b1680d28742836592023-11-20T04:25:38ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492020-06-012512284510.3390/molecules25122845Effect of Carotenoids from <i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</i> on Palmitate-Treated HepG2 CellsClaire Mayer0Martine Côme1Vincent Blanckaert2Graziella Chini Zittelli3Cecilia Faraloni4Hassan Nazih5Khadija Ouguerram6Virginie Mimouni7Benoît Chénais8EA 2160 MMS, Mer Molécules Santé, IUML FR 3473 CNRS, Institut Universitaire Technologique, Le Mans Université, F-53020 Laval CEDEX 9, FranceEA 2160 MMS, Mer Molécules Santé, IUML FR 3473 CNRS, Institut Universitaire Technologique, Le Mans Université, F-53020 Laval CEDEX 9, FranceEA 2160 MMS, Mer Molécules Santé, IUML FR 3473 CNRS, Institut Universitaire Technologique, Le Mans Université, F-53020 Laval CEDEX 9, FranceNational Research Council, Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute for BioEconomy, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), ItalyNational Research Council, Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute for BioEconomy, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), ItalyEA 2160 MMS, Mer Molécules Santé, IUML FR 3473 CNRS, UFR Pharmacie, Université de Nantes, F-44035 Nantes CEDEX 1, FranceUMR1280 PhAN, Physiopathology of Nutritional Adaptations, INRAe, University of Nantes, CHU Hôtel Dieu, IMAD, CRNH Ouest, F-44000 Nantes, FranceEA 2160 MMS, Mer Molécules Santé, IUML FR 3473 CNRS, Institut Universitaire Technologique, Le Mans Université, F-53020 Laval CEDEX 9, FranceEA 2160 MMS, Mer Molécules Santé, IUML FR 3473 CNRS, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Le Mans Université, F-72085 Le Mans CEDEX 9, FranceNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease represents the most common liver disease and is characterized by an excess of lipid accumulation in hepatocytes, mainly stored as triglycerides. <i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</i> is a marine microalga, which is rich in bioactive molecules known to be hepatoprotective, such as <i>n</i>-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and fucoxanthin. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a carotenoid extract from <i>P. tricornutum</i> in a cellular model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by palmitate treatment. The combined effects of carotenoids and lipids, especially <i>n</i>-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, were also investigated by using a total lipophilic extract. HepG2 cells were exposed for 24 h to 250 µM palmitate with or without the addition of carotenoid extract (6 μg/mL) or total lipophilic extract (100 μg/mL). The addition of carotenoid extract or total lipophilic extract prevented the accumulation of triglycerides, total cholesterol and cholesterol esters. The carotenoid extract and total lipophilic extract also decreased the mRNA expression levels of genes involved in lipogenesis (<i>ACACA</i>, <i>FASN</i>, <i>SCD</i> and <i>DGAT1</i>) and cholesterol esterification (<i>ACAT1</i>/<i>SOAT1</i>). In addition, the total lipophilic extract also downregulated the <i>LXR/NR1H3</i> and <i>SREBF1</i> genes, which are involved in lipogenesis regulation. By contrast, the carotenoid extract increased the mRNA level of <i>CPT1A</i>, a β-oxidation related gene, and reduced the lipid droplet accumulation. In conclusion, this study highlights the preventive effects against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease of the two microalga extracts.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/12/2845<i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</i>total lipophilic extractcarotenoid extract<i>n</i>-3 LC-PUFAlipid metabolismgene expression |
| spellingShingle | Claire Mayer Martine Côme Vincent Blanckaert Graziella Chini Zittelli Cecilia Faraloni Hassan Nazih Khadija Ouguerram Virginie Mimouni Benoît Chénais Effect of Carotenoids from <i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</i> on Palmitate-Treated HepG2 Cells Molecules <i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</i> total lipophilic extract carotenoid extract <i>n</i>-3 LC-PUFA lipid metabolism gene expression |
| title | Effect of Carotenoids from <i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</i> on Palmitate-Treated HepG2 Cells |
| title_full | Effect of Carotenoids from <i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</i> on Palmitate-Treated HepG2 Cells |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Carotenoids from <i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</i> on Palmitate-Treated HepG2 Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Carotenoids from <i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</i> on Palmitate-Treated HepG2 Cells |
| title_short | Effect of Carotenoids from <i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</i> on Palmitate-Treated HepG2 Cells |
| title_sort | effect of carotenoids from i phaeodactylum tricornutum i on palmitate treated hepg2 cells |
| topic | <i>Phaeodactylum tricornutum</i> total lipophilic extract carotenoid extract <i>n</i>-3 LC-PUFA lipid metabolism gene expression |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/12/2845 |
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