| Summary: | The energy production of offshore wind farms plays an important role in expanding
renewable energy. However, the development of offshore wind farms faces many
challenges due to its incompatibility with marine environments and its social
acceptability among the local community. In this study, we reviewed the marine
environmental impact assessment status of offshore wind farm development
projects for 2012–2019 in South Korea. A total of nine projects were
selected for this study, all of which experienced considerable conflict with
local fisheries resources. To appropriately respond to the underlying challenges
faced by offshore wind farm development and in order to better support
decision-making for future impact assessment, our findings identified: i) a need
for adequate preliminary investigation and technical examination of fisheries
resources; ii) a need to assess and estimate the impact of underwater noise,
vibration, and electromagnetic waves on fisheries resources during wind farm
construction and operation; and iii) a need for a bottom-up approach that allows
for communication with local stakeholders and policy-makers to guarantee the
local acceptability of the development.
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