Water Use, Growth, and Yield of Ratooned Guayule under Subsurface Drip and Furrow Irrigation in the US Southwest Desert
Guayule (<i>Parthenium argentatum</i>, A. Gray) is a perennial desert shrub with ratoon-cropping potential for multiple harvests of its natural rubber, resin, and bagasse byproducts. However, yield expectations, water use requirements, and irrigation scheduling information for ratooned g...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/19/3412 |
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| author | Diaa Eldin M. Elshikha Peter M. Waller Douglas J. Hunsaker Kelly R. Thorp Guangyao (Sam) Wang David Dierig Von Mark V. Cruz Said Attalah Matthew E. Katterman Clinton Williams Dennis T. Ray Randy Norton Ethan Orr Gerard W. Wall Kimberly L. Ogden |
| author_facet | Diaa Eldin M. Elshikha Peter M. Waller Douglas J. Hunsaker Kelly R. Thorp Guangyao (Sam) Wang David Dierig Von Mark V. Cruz Said Attalah Matthew E. Katterman Clinton Williams Dennis T. Ray Randy Norton Ethan Orr Gerard W. Wall Kimberly L. Ogden |
| author_sort | Diaa Eldin M. Elshikha |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Guayule (<i>Parthenium argentatum</i>, A. Gray) is a perennial desert shrub with ratoon-cropping potential for multiple harvests of its natural rubber, resin, and bagasse byproducts. However, yield expectations, water use requirements, and irrigation scheduling information for ratooned guayule are extremely limited. The objectives of this study were to evaluate dry biomass (DB), contents of rubber (R) and resin (Re) and yields of rubber (RY) and resin (ReY) responses to irrigation treatments, and develop irrigation management criteria for ratooned guayule. The water productivity (WP) of the yield components were also evaluated. Guayule plants that were direct-seeded in April 2018 were ratooned and regrown starting in April 2020, after an initial 2-year harvest at two locations in Arizona: Maricopa and Eloy on sandy loam and clay soils, respectively. Plots were irrigated with subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) at 50, 75, and 100% replacement of crop evapotranspiration (ET<sub>c</sub>), respectively, and furrow irrigation at 100% ET<sub>c</sub> replacement, as determined by soil water balance measurements. The Eloy location did not include the 100% irrigation treatment under SDI due to unsuccessful regrowth for this specific treatment. The irrigation treatments at the locations were replicated three times in a randomized complete block design. After 21–22 months of regrowth, the guayule plants were harvested in plots. The results showed that DB increased with the amount of total water applied (TWA, irrigation plus precipitation), while R and Re were reduced at the highest TWA received at both locations. Ultimately, the SDI treatments with 75% ET<sub>c</sub> replacement resulted in the best irrigation management in terms of maximizing RY and ReY, and WP for both locations and soil types. Compared to the initial 2-year direct-seeded guayule crop, ratooned guayule required less TWA and attained higher DB, RY, and ReY, as well as higher WP, with average increases of 25% in dry biomass, 33% in rubber yield, and 32% in resin yield. A grower’s costs for planting the initial direct-seeded guayule crop would be offset by the additional yield revenue of the ratooned crop, which would have comparatively small startup costs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:51:01Z |
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| id | doaj.art-4ec80a0fb9b441d688c2eea9b1b1ac9d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:51:01Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-4ec80a0fb9b441d688c2eea9b1b1ac9d2023-11-30T20:49:45ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412023-09-011519341210.3390/w15193412Water Use, Growth, and Yield of Ratooned Guayule under Subsurface Drip and Furrow Irrigation in the US Southwest DesertDiaa Eldin M. Elshikha0Peter M. Waller1Douglas J. Hunsaker2Kelly R. Thorp3Guangyao (Sam) Wang4David Dierig5Von Mark V. Cruz6Said Attalah7Matthew E. Katterman8Clinton Williams9Dennis T. Ray10Randy Norton11Ethan Orr12Gerard W. Wall13Kimberly L. Ogden14Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USADepartment of Biosystems Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USAArid Land Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USAGrassland Soil & Water Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Temple, TX 76502, USAGuayule Research Farm, Bridgestone Americas, Inc., Eloy, AZ 85131, USAGuayule Research Farm, Bridgestone Americas, Inc., Eloy, AZ 85131, USAGuayule Research Farm, Bridgestone Americas, Inc., Eloy, AZ 85131, USADepartment of Biosystems Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USADepartment of Biosystems Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USAArid Land Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USASchool of Plant Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USAEnvironmental Science Department, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USAAgriculture Education Technology and Innovation, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USAArid Land Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USADepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USAGuayule (<i>Parthenium argentatum</i>, A. Gray) is a perennial desert shrub with ratoon-cropping potential for multiple harvests of its natural rubber, resin, and bagasse byproducts. However, yield expectations, water use requirements, and irrigation scheduling information for ratooned guayule are extremely limited. The objectives of this study were to evaluate dry biomass (DB), contents of rubber (R) and resin (Re) and yields of rubber (RY) and resin (ReY) responses to irrigation treatments, and develop irrigation management criteria for ratooned guayule. The water productivity (WP) of the yield components were also evaluated. Guayule plants that were direct-seeded in April 2018 were ratooned and regrown starting in April 2020, after an initial 2-year harvest at two locations in Arizona: Maricopa and Eloy on sandy loam and clay soils, respectively. Plots were irrigated with subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) at 50, 75, and 100% replacement of crop evapotranspiration (ET<sub>c</sub>), respectively, and furrow irrigation at 100% ET<sub>c</sub> replacement, as determined by soil water balance measurements. The Eloy location did not include the 100% irrigation treatment under SDI due to unsuccessful regrowth for this specific treatment. The irrigation treatments at the locations were replicated three times in a randomized complete block design. After 21–22 months of regrowth, the guayule plants were harvested in plots. The results showed that DB increased with the amount of total water applied (TWA, irrigation plus precipitation), while R and Re were reduced at the highest TWA received at both locations. Ultimately, the SDI treatments with 75% ET<sub>c</sub> replacement resulted in the best irrigation management in terms of maximizing RY and ReY, and WP for both locations and soil types. Compared to the initial 2-year direct-seeded guayule crop, ratooned guayule required less TWA and attained higher DB, RY, and ReY, as well as higher WP, with average increases of 25% in dry biomass, 33% in rubber yield, and 32% in resin yield. A grower’s costs for planting the initial direct-seeded guayule crop would be offset by the additional yield revenue of the ratooned crop, which would have comparatively small startup costs.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/19/3412irrigation managementevapotranspirationsoil water depletionrubber yield |
| spellingShingle | Diaa Eldin M. Elshikha Peter M. Waller Douglas J. Hunsaker Kelly R. Thorp Guangyao (Sam) Wang David Dierig Von Mark V. Cruz Said Attalah Matthew E. Katterman Clinton Williams Dennis T. Ray Randy Norton Ethan Orr Gerard W. Wall Kimberly L. Ogden Water Use, Growth, and Yield of Ratooned Guayule under Subsurface Drip and Furrow Irrigation in the US Southwest Desert Water irrigation management evapotranspiration soil water depletion rubber yield |
| title | Water Use, Growth, and Yield of Ratooned Guayule under Subsurface Drip and Furrow Irrigation in the US Southwest Desert |
| title_full | Water Use, Growth, and Yield of Ratooned Guayule under Subsurface Drip and Furrow Irrigation in the US Southwest Desert |
| title_fullStr | Water Use, Growth, and Yield of Ratooned Guayule under Subsurface Drip and Furrow Irrigation in the US Southwest Desert |
| title_full_unstemmed | Water Use, Growth, and Yield of Ratooned Guayule under Subsurface Drip and Furrow Irrigation in the US Southwest Desert |
| title_short | Water Use, Growth, and Yield of Ratooned Guayule under Subsurface Drip and Furrow Irrigation in the US Southwest Desert |
| title_sort | water use growth and yield of ratooned guayule under subsurface drip and furrow irrigation in the us southwest desert |
| topic | irrigation management evapotranspiration soil water depletion rubber yield |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/19/3412 |
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