Relationship of Low Vitamin B6 Status with Sarcopenia, Frailty, and Mortality: A Narrative Review
Marginal vitamin B6 (B6) deficiency is a widespread global concern. Inadequate B6 levels have been linked to an increased risk of age-related chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancers. In recent years, the growing concern over sarcopenia (the age-related loss of muscle mass and st...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/1/177 |
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| author | Norihisa Kato Akiko Kimoto Peipei Zhang Chanikan Bumrungkit Sajith Karunaratne Noriyuki Yanaka Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee |
| author_facet | Norihisa Kato Akiko Kimoto Peipei Zhang Chanikan Bumrungkit Sajith Karunaratne Noriyuki Yanaka Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee |
| author_sort | Norihisa Kato |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Marginal vitamin B6 (B6) deficiency is a widespread global concern. Inadequate B6 levels have been linked to an increased risk of age-related chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancers. In recent years, the growing concern over sarcopenia (the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength) and frailty (a decline in physiological resilience and increased vulnerability associated with aging) is particularly relevant due to the emergence of super-aged societies in developed countries. Notably, among the thirty-one studies included in this review, twenty-five showed a significant association of B6 status with sarcopenia, frailty, and all-cause mortality in adults (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while six showed no association. Emerging studies have suggested novel mechanisms underlying this association. These mechanisms involve P2X7 receptor-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome signaling, AMPK signaling, PD-L1 signaling, and satellite cell-mediated myogenesis. Furthermore, the modulation of PLP-dependent enzymes due to B6 deficiency is associated with impaired metabolic processes, affecting energy utilization, imidazole peptide production, and hydrogen sulfide production, as well as the kynurenine pathway, all of which play vital roles in skeletal muscle health and pathophysiology. This narrative review provides an up-to-date assessment of our current understanding of the potential role of nutritional B6 status in combating sarcopenia, frailty, and mortality. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T14:59:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4ecfd24726a747fb8dfc67da5387fce9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T14:59:15Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-4ecfd24726a747fb8dfc67da5387fce92024-01-10T15:05:50ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432024-01-0116117710.3390/nu16010177Relationship of Low Vitamin B6 Status with Sarcopenia, Frailty, and Mortality: A Narrative ReviewNorihisa Kato0Akiko Kimoto1Peipei Zhang2Chanikan Bumrungkit3Sajith Karunaratne4Noriyuki Yanaka5Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee6Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, JapanFaculty of Health of Sciences, Hiroshima Shudo University, Hiroshima 731-3166, JapanState Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, ChinaGraduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, JapanGraduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, JapanGraduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, JapanGraduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, JapanMarginal vitamin B6 (B6) deficiency is a widespread global concern. Inadequate B6 levels have been linked to an increased risk of age-related chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancers. In recent years, the growing concern over sarcopenia (the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength) and frailty (a decline in physiological resilience and increased vulnerability associated with aging) is particularly relevant due to the emergence of super-aged societies in developed countries. Notably, among the thirty-one studies included in this review, twenty-five showed a significant association of B6 status with sarcopenia, frailty, and all-cause mortality in adults (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while six showed no association. Emerging studies have suggested novel mechanisms underlying this association. These mechanisms involve P2X7 receptor-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome signaling, AMPK signaling, PD-L1 signaling, and satellite cell-mediated myogenesis. Furthermore, the modulation of PLP-dependent enzymes due to B6 deficiency is associated with impaired metabolic processes, affecting energy utilization, imidazole peptide production, and hydrogen sulfide production, as well as the kynurenine pathway, all of which play vital roles in skeletal muscle health and pathophysiology. This narrative review provides an up-to-date assessment of our current understanding of the potential role of nutritional B6 status in combating sarcopenia, frailty, and mortality.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/1/177vitamin B6sarcopeniaskeletal muscleimidazole peptidesatellite cellsmyogenesis |
| spellingShingle | Norihisa Kato Akiko Kimoto Peipei Zhang Chanikan Bumrungkit Sajith Karunaratne Noriyuki Yanaka Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee Relationship of Low Vitamin B6 Status with Sarcopenia, Frailty, and Mortality: A Narrative Review Nutrients vitamin B6 sarcopenia skeletal muscle imidazole peptide satellite cells myogenesis |
| title | Relationship of Low Vitamin B6 Status with Sarcopenia, Frailty, and Mortality: A Narrative Review |
| title_full | Relationship of Low Vitamin B6 Status with Sarcopenia, Frailty, and Mortality: A Narrative Review |
| title_fullStr | Relationship of Low Vitamin B6 Status with Sarcopenia, Frailty, and Mortality: A Narrative Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Relationship of Low Vitamin B6 Status with Sarcopenia, Frailty, and Mortality: A Narrative Review |
| title_short | Relationship of Low Vitamin B6 Status with Sarcopenia, Frailty, and Mortality: A Narrative Review |
| title_sort | relationship of low vitamin b6 status with sarcopenia frailty and mortality a narrative review |
| topic | vitamin B6 sarcopenia skeletal muscle imidazole peptide satellite cells myogenesis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/1/177 |
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