Noctiluca Scintillans Distribution Largely Regulated by Phytoplankton Biomass in the East China Sea and Southern Yellow Sea
Noctiluca scintillans feeds on a large number of phytoplankton, including diatoms and dinoflagellates, and frequently forms a red tide in the East China Sea (ECS) and southern Yellow Sea (SYS). However, the spatiotemporal distribution pattern, controlling factors, and long-term change of N. scintill...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.899334/full |
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| author | Liuyang Sheng Liuyang Sheng Zhibing Jiang Zhibing Jiang Zhibing Jiang Zhibing Jiang Zhibing Jiang Zhenhao Sun Yuanli Zhu Yuanli Zhu Hongchang Zhai Hongchang Zhai Hongchang Zhai Ling Ding Ling Ding Mengmeng Tong Jianfang Chen Jianfang Chen Quanzhen Chen Jiangning Zeng Jiangning Zeng Jiangning Zeng Jiangning Zeng Jiangning Zeng |
| author_facet | Liuyang Sheng Liuyang Sheng Zhibing Jiang Zhibing Jiang Zhibing Jiang Zhibing Jiang Zhibing Jiang Zhenhao Sun Yuanli Zhu Yuanli Zhu Hongchang Zhai Hongchang Zhai Hongchang Zhai Ling Ding Ling Ding Mengmeng Tong Jianfang Chen Jianfang Chen Quanzhen Chen Jiangning Zeng Jiangning Zeng Jiangning Zeng Jiangning Zeng Jiangning Zeng |
| author_sort | Liuyang Sheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Noctiluca scintillans feeds on a large number of phytoplankton, including diatoms and dinoflagellates, and frequently forms a red tide in the East China Sea (ECS) and southern Yellow Sea (SYS). However, the spatiotemporal distribution pattern, controlling factors, and long-term change of N. scintillans in the ECS and SYS remain unclear. In the present study, we collected N. scintillans samples from the ECS and SYS throughout the four seasons of 2011. We sampled phytoplankton and environmental parameters simultaneously. The depth-integrated abundance (DIA) of N. scintillans was the highest and lowest in summer and winter, respectively. N. scintillans is distributed abundantly in eutrophic coastal waters and the Changjiang Estuary, which are characterized by high concentrations of phytoplankton and chlorophyll-a. A Spearman correlation test demonstrated that its DIA in the upper 30-m water column was generally more significantly associated with phytoplankton abundance and chlorophyll-a concentration than with temperature and salinity. The results of the generalized additive models revealed that chlorophyll-a concentration explained more of the variation in N. scintillans abundance than temperature and salinity throughout the year, particularly in warm seasons. These findings indicate that the seasonal and spatial changes of N. scintillans are largely regulated by phytoplankton biomass. Compared with the historical data from 1959 and 2002, the abundance of N. scintillans in the Changjiang Estuary increased considerably in 2011 with increasing phytoplankton abundance resulting from accelerated eutrophication and warming. These results clarify the controlling factors, red-tide formation mechanism, and changing trends associated with the N. scintillans in the ECS and SYS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T13:37:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4ed1fa86e80d4675bbc16cc6b634113a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-7745 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T13:37:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-4ed1fa86e80d4675bbc16cc6b634113a2022-12-22T03:30:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452022-06-01910.3389/fmars.2022.899334899334Noctiluca Scintillans Distribution Largely Regulated by Phytoplankton Biomass in the East China Sea and Southern Yellow SeaLiuyang Sheng0Liuyang Sheng1Zhibing Jiang2Zhibing Jiang3Zhibing Jiang4Zhibing Jiang5Zhibing Jiang6Zhenhao Sun7Yuanli Zhu8Yuanli Zhu9Hongchang Zhai10Hongchang Zhai11Hongchang Zhai12Ling Ding13Ling Ding14Mengmeng Tong15Jianfang Chen16Jianfang Chen17Quanzhen Chen18Jiangning Zeng19Jiangning Zeng20Jiangning Zeng21Jiangning Zeng22Jiangning Zeng23Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, ChinaOcean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Space Resource Management Technology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, ChinaMarine Ecosystem Observation and Research Station on the Changjiang Estuary, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Nearshore Engineering Environment and Ecological Security of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, ChinaMarine Ecosystem Observation and Research Station on the Changjiang Estuary, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Space Resource Management Technology, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, ChinaMarine Ecosystem Observation and Research Station on the Changjiang Estuary, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, ChinaSchool of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, ChinaOcean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, ChinaOcean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, ChinaOcean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, ChinaMarine Ecosystem Observation and Research Station on the Changjiang Estuary, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Nearshore Engineering Environment and Ecological Security of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, ChinaSchool of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, ChinaNoctiluca scintillans feeds on a large number of phytoplankton, including diatoms and dinoflagellates, and frequently forms a red tide in the East China Sea (ECS) and southern Yellow Sea (SYS). However, the spatiotemporal distribution pattern, controlling factors, and long-term change of N. scintillans in the ECS and SYS remain unclear. In the present study, we collected N. scintillans samples from the ECS and SYS throughout the four seasons of 2011. We sampled phytoplankton and environmental parameters simultaneously. The depth-integrated abundance (DIA) of N. scintillans was the highest and lowest in summer and winter, respectively. N. scintillans is distributed abundantly in eutrophic coastal waters and the Changjiang Estuary, which are characterized by high concentrations of phytoplankton and chlorophyll-a. A Spearman correlation test demonstrated that its DIA in the upper 30-m water column was generally more significantly associated with phytoplankton abundance and chlorophyll-a concentration than with temperature and salinity. The results of the generalized additive models revealed that chlorophyll-a concentration explained more of the variation in N. scintillans abundance than temperature and salinity throughout the year, particularly in warm seasons. These findings indicate that the seasonal and spatial changes of N. scintillans are largely regulated by phytoplankton biomass. Compared with the historical data from 1959 and 2002, the abundance of N. scintillans in the Changjiang Estuary increased considerably in 2011 with increasing phytoplankton abundance resulting from accelerated eutrophication and warming. These results clarify the controlling factors, red-tide formation mechanism, and changing trends associated with the N. scintillans in the ECS and SYS.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.899334/fullnoctiluca scintillansEast China SeaSouthern Yellow Seacontrolling factorsphytoplankton |
| spellingShingle | Liuyang Sheng Liuyang Sheng Zhibing Jiang Zhibing Jiang Zhibing Jiang Zhibing Jiang Zhibing Jiang Zhenhao Sun Yuanli Zhu Yuanli Zhu Hongchang Zhai Hongchang Zhai Hongchang Zhai Ling Ding Ling Ding Mengmeng Tong Jianfang Chen Jianfang Chen Quanzhen Chen Jiangning Zeng Jiangning Zeng Jiangning Zeng Jiangning Zeng Jiangning Zeng Noctiluca Scintillans Distribution Largely Regulated by Phytoplankton Biomass in the East China Sea and Southern Yellow Sea Frontiers in Marine Science noctiluca scintillans East China Sea Southern Yellow Sea controlling factors phytoplankton |
| title | Noctiluca Scintillans Distribution Largely Regulated by Phytoplankton Biomass in the East China Sea and Southern Yellow Sea |
| title_full | Noctiluca Scintillans Distribution Largely Regulated by Phytoplankton Biomass in the East China Sea and Southern Yellow Sea |
| title_fullStr | Noctiluca Scintillans Distribution Largely Regulated by Phytoplankton Biomass in the East China Sea and Southern Yellow Sea |
| title_full_unstemmed | Noctiluca Scintillans Distribution Largely Regulated by Phytoplankton Biomass in the East China Sea and Southern Yellow Sea |
| title_short | Noctiluca Scintillans Distribution Largely Regulated by Phytoplankton Biomass in the East China Sea and Southern Yellow Sea |
| title_sort | noctiluca scintillans distribution largely regulated by phytoplankton biomass in the east china sea and southern yellow sea |
| topic | noctiluca scintillans East China Sea Southern Yellow Sea controlling factors phytoplankton |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2022.899334/full |
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