Unraveling the Immune Microenvironment in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications
Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is a lymphoid neoplasm composed of rare neoplastic Hodgkin and Reed–Sternberg (HRS) cells surrounded by a reactive tumor microenvironment (TME) with suppressive properties against anti-tumor immunity. TME is mainly composed of T cells (CD4 helper, CD8 cytotoxic and reg...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/6/862 |
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| author | Vasileios Georgoulis Alexandra Papoudou-Bai Alexandros Makis Panagiotis Kanavaros Eleftheria Hatzimichael |
| author_facet | Vasileios Georgoulis Alexandra Papoudou-Bai Alexandros Makis Panagiotis Kanavaros Eleftheria Hatzimichael |
| author_sort | Vasileios Georgoulis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is a lymphoid neoplasm composed of rare neoplastic Hodgkin and Reed–Sternberg (HRS) cells surrounded by a reactive tumor microenvironment (TME) with suppressive properties against anti-tumor immunity. TME is mainly composed of T cells (CD4 helper, CD8 cytotoxic and regulatory) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), but the impact of these cells on the natural course of the disease is not absolutely understood. TME contributes to the immune evasion of neoplastic HRS cells through the production of various cytokines and/or the aberrant expression of immune checkpoint molecules in ways that have not been fully understood yet. Herein, we present a comprehensive review of findings regarding the cellular components and the molecular features of the immune TME in cHL, its correlation with treatment response and prognosis, as well as the potential targeting of the TME with novel therapies. Among all cells, macrophages appear to be a most appealing target for immunomodulatory therapies, based on their functional plasticity and antitumor potency. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:44:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4ed37b6f29bd4dc29e365d5fd30aaa37 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:44:38Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-4ed37b6f29bd4dc29e365d5fd30aaa372023-11-18T09:23:35ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372023-06-0112686210.3390/biology12060862Unraveling the Immune Microenvironment in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Prognostic and Therapeutic ImplicationsVasileios Georgoulis0Alexandra Papoudou-Bai1Alexandros Makis2Panagiotis Kanavaros3Eleftheria Hatzimichael4Department of Hematology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45 500 Ioannina, GreeceDepartment of Pathology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45 500 Ioannina, GreeceDepartment of Child Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45 500 Ioannina, GreeceDepartment of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45 000 Ioannina, GreeceDepartment of Hematology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, 45 500 Ioannina, GreeceClassic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is a lymphoid neoplasm composed of rare neoplastic Hodgkin and Reed–Sternberg (HRS) cells surrounded by a reactive tumor microenvironment (TME) with suppressive properties against anti-tumor immunity. TME is mainly composed of T cells (CD4 helper, CD8 cytotoxic and regulatory) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), but the impact of these cells on the natural course of the disease is not absolutely understood. TME contributes to the immune evasion of neoplastic HRS cells through the production of various cytokines and/or the aberrant expression of immune checkpoint molecules in ways that have not been fully understood yet. Herein, we present a comprehensive review of findings regarding the cellular components and the molecular features of the immune TME in cHL, its correlation with treatment response and prognosis, as well as the potential targeting of the TME with novel therapies. Among all cells, macrophages appear to be a most appealing target for immunomodulatory therapies, based on their functional plasticity and antitumor potency.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/6/862Hodgkin lymphomatumor microenvironmenttumor associated macrophagesCD169<sup>+</sup> macrophagesimmune evasionimmunosuppression |
| spellingShingle | Vasileios Georgoulis Alexandra Papoudou-Bai Alexandros Makis Panagiotis Kanavaros Eleftheria Hatzimichael Unraveling the Immune Microenvironment in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications Biology Hodgkin lymphoma tumor microenvironment tumor associated macrophages CD169<sup>+</sup> macrophages immune evasion immunosuppression |
| title | Unraveling the Immune Microenvironment in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications |
| title_full | Unraveling the Immune Microenvironment in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications |
| title_fullStr | Unraveling the Immune Microenvironment in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Unraveling the Immune Microenvironment in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications |
| title_short | Unraveling the Immune Microenvironment in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications |
| title_sort | unraveling the immune microenvironment in classic hodgkin lymphoma prognostic and therapeutic implications |
| topic | Hodgkin lymphoma tumor microenvironment tumor associated macrophages CD169<sup>+</sup> macrophages immune evasion immunosuppression |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/12/6/862 |
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