Naturally Bicarbonated Water Supplementation Does Not Improve Anaerobic Cycling Performance or Blood Gas Parameters in Active Men and Women
The completion of high-intensity exercise results in robust perturbations to physiologic homeostasis, challenging the body’s natural buffering systems to mitigate the accumulation of metabolic by-products. Supplementation with bicarbonate has previously been used to offset metabolic acidosis, leadin...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-12-01
|
| Series: | Nutrients |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/24/5052 |
| _version_ | 1797379775211241472 |
|---|---|
| author | Anthony M. Hagele Johnathan L. Boring Jessica M. Moon Kyle L. Sunderland Petey W. Mumford Chad M. Kerksick |
| author_facet | Anthony M. Hagele Johnathan L. Boring Jessica M. Moon Kyle L. Sunderland Petey W. Mumford Chad M. Kerksick |
| author_sort | Anthony M. Hagele |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The completion of high-intensity exercise results in robust perturbations to physiologic homeostasis, challenging the body’s natural buffering systems to mitigate the accumulation of metabolic by-products. Supplementation with bicarbonate has previously been used to offset metabolic acidosis, leading to improvements in anaerobic exercise performance. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of ergogenic properties in naturally occurring low-dose bicarbonated water and their effects on anaerobic cycling performance and blood gas kinetics in recreationally active men and women. Methods: Thirty-nine healthy, recreationally active men and women (28.1 ± 8.0 years, 169.8 ± 11.7 cm, 68.9 ± 10.8 kg, 20.1 ± 7.9% fat, <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></semantics></math></inline-formula>O<sub>2</sub>peak: 42.8 ± 7.6 mL/kg/min) completed two separate testing sessions consisting of 15 cycling sprints (10 s sprint, 20 s active rest) against 7.5% of their body mass. Using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group study design, study participants consumed a 10 mL/kg dose of either spring water (SW) or bicarbonated mineral water (BMW) (delivering ~3 g/day of bicarbonate) for 7 days. Venous blood was collected before, immediately after, and 5 and 10 min after the sprint protocol and was analyzed for lactate and a series of blood gas components. After the completion of 15 cycling sprints, averages of peak and mean power for bouts 1–5, 6–10, and 11–15, along with total work for the entire cycling protocol, were calculated. All performance and blood gas parameters were analyzed using a mixed-factorial ANOVA. Results: pH was found to be significantly higher in the BMW group immediately after (7.17 ± 0.09 vs. 7.20 ± 0.11; <i>p</i> = 0.05) and 10 min post exercise (7.21 ± 0.11 vs. 7.24 ± 0.09; <i>p</i> = 0.04). A similar pattern of change was observed 5 min post exercise wherein pH levels in the SW group were lower than those observed in the BMW group; however, this difference did not achieve statistical significance (<i>p</i> = 0.09). A statistical trend (<i>p</i> = 0.06) was observed wherein lactate in the BMW group tended to be lower than in the SW group 5 min post exercise. No significant main effect for time (<i>p</i> > 0.05) or group × time interactions (<i>p</i> > 0.05) for the total work, average values of peak power, or average values of mean power were observed, indicating performance was unchanged. Conclusion: One week of consuming water with increased bicarbonate (10 mL/kg; ~3 g/day bicarbonate) showed no effect on anaerobic cycling performance. BMW decreased blood lactate concentrations 5 min after exercise and increased blood pH immediately and 10 min after exercise. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:27:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4efa367e09d8412380f85efa915ef809 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:27:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-4efa367e09d8412380f85efa915ef8092023-12-22T14:29:57ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-12-011524505210.3390/nu15245052Naturally Bicarbonated Water Supplementation Does Not Improve Anaerobic Cycling Performance or Blood Gas Parameters in Active Men and WomenAnthony M. Hagele0Johnathan L. Boring1Jessica M. Moon2Kyle L. Sunderland3Petey W. Mumford4Chad M. Kerksick5Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, College of Science, Technology, and Health, Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO 63301, USAExercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, College of Science, Technology, and Health, Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO 63301, USAExercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, College of Science, Technology, and Health, Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO 63301, USAExercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, College of Science, Technology, and Health, Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO 63301, USAExercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, College of Science, Technology, and Health, Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO 63301, USAExercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, College of Science, Technology, and Health, Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO 63301, USAThe completion of high-intensity exercise results in robust perturbations to physiologic homeostasis, challenging the body’s natural buffering systems to mitigate the accumulation of metabolic by-products. Supplementation with bicarbonate has previously been used to offset metabolic acidosis, leading to improvements in anaerobic exercise performance. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of ergogenic properties in naturally occurring low-dose bicarbonated water and their effects on anaerobic cycling performance and blood gas kinetics in recreationally active men and women. Methods: Thirty-nine healthy, recreationally active men and women (28.1 ± 8.0 years, 169.8 ± 11.7 cm, 68.9 ± 10.8 kg, 20.1 ± 7.9% fat, <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mover accent="true"><mi mathvariant="normal">V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover></semantics></math></inline-formula>O<sub>2</sub>peak: 42.8 ± 7.6 mL/kg/min) completed two separate testing sessions consisting of 15 cycling sprints (10 s sprint, 20 s active rest) against 7.5% of their body mass. Using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group study design, study participants consumed a 10 mL/kg dose of either spring water (SW) or bicarbonated mineral water (BMW) (delivering ~3 g/day of bicarbonate) for 7 days. Venous blood was collected before, immediately after, and 5 and 10 min after the sprint protocol and was analyzed for lactate and a series of blood gas components. After the completion of 15 cycling sprints, averages of peak and mean power for bouts 1–5, 6–10, and 11–15, along with total work for the entire cycling protocol, were calculated. All performance and blood gas parameters were analyzed using a mixed-factorial ANOVA. Results: pH was found to be significantly higher in the BMW group immediately after (7.17 ± 0.09 vs. 7.20 ± 0.11; <i>p</i> = 0.05) and 10 min post exercise (7.21 ± 0.11 vs. 7.24 ± 0.09; <i>p</i> = 0.04). A similar pattern of change was observed 5 min post exercise wherein pH levels in the SW group were lower than those observed in the BMW group; however, this difference did not achieve statistical significance (<i>p</i> = 0.09). A statistical trend (<i>p</i> = 0.06) was observed wherein lactate in the BMW group tended to be lower than in the SW group 5 min post exercise. No significant main effect for time (<i>p</i> > 0.05) or group × time interactions (<i>p</i> > 0.05) for the total work, average values of peak power, or average values of mean power were observed, indicating performance was unchanged. Conclusion: One week of consuming water with increased bicarbonate (10 mL/kg; ~3 g/day bicarbonate) showed no effect on anaerobic cycling performance. BMW decreased blood lactate concentrations 5 min after exercise and increased blood pH immediately and 10 min after exercise.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/24/5052anaerobic exercise performanceblood gas kineticscyclingmetabolic acidosisblood lactateergogenic supplements |
| spellingShingle | Anthony M. Hagele Johnathan L. Boring Jessica M. Moon Kyle L. Sunderland Petey W. Mumford Chad M. Kerksick Naturally Bicarbonated Water Supplementation Does Not Improve Anaerobic Cycling Performance or Blood Gas Parameters in Active Men and Women Nutrients anaerobic exercise performance blood gas kinetics cycling metabolic acidosis blood lactate ergogenic supplements |
| title | Naturally Bicarbonated Water Supplementation Does Not Improve Anaerobic Cycling Performance or Blood Gas Parameters in Active Men and Women |
| title_full | Naturally Bicarbonated Water Supplementation Does Not Improve Anaerobic Cycling Performance or Blood Gas Parameters in Active Men and Women |
| title_fullStr | Naturally Bicarbonated Water Supplementation Does Not Improve Anaerobic Cycling Performance or Blood Gas Parameters in Active Men and Women |
| title_full_unstemmed | Naturally Bicarbonated Water Supplementation Does Not Improve Anaerobic Cycling Performance or Blood Gas Parameters in Active Men and Women |
| title_short | Naturally Bicarbonated Water Supplementation Does Not Improve Anaerobic Cycling Performance or Blood Gas Parameters in Active Men and Women |
| title_sort | naturally bicarbonated water supplementation does not improve anaerobic cycling performance or blood gas parameters in active men and women |
| topic | anaerobic exercise performance blood gas kinetics cycling metabolic acidosis blood lactate ergogenic supplements |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/24/5052 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT anthonymhagele naturallybicarbonatedwatersupplementationdoesnotimproveanaerobiccyclingperformanceorbloodgasparametersinactivemenandwomen AT johnathanlboring naturallybicarbonatedwatersupplementationdoesnotimproveanaerobiccyclingperformanceorbloodgasparametersinactivemenandwomen AT jessicammoon naturallybicarbonatedwatersupplementationdoesnotimproveanaerobiccyclingperformanceorbloodgasparametersinactivemenandwomen AT kylelsunderland naturallybicarbonatedwatersupplementationdoesnotimproveanaerobiccyclingperformanceorbloodgasparametersinactivemenandwomen AT peteywmumford naturallybicarbonatedwatersupplementationdoesnotimproveanaerobiccyclingperformanceorbloodgasparametersinactivemenandwomen AT chadmkerksick naturallybicarbonatedwatersupplementationdoesnotimproveanaerobiccyclingperformanceorbloodgasparametersinactivemenandwomen |