Prevalence of Subthreshold Depression Among Constipation-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients
Patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may have some form of affective disorders that may worsen their symptoms. Lack of screening among IBS patients is one of the reasons for depression unawareness among healthcare providers. The present study was conducted to evaluate the prevalenc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01936/full |
| _version_ | 1817989682238062592 |
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| author | Norfilza Mohd Mokhtar Norfilza Mohd Mokhtar Mohd Fyzal Bahrudin Nazierah Abd Ghani Rafiz Abdul Rani Raja Affendi Raja Ali Raja Affendi Raja Ali |
| author_facet | Norfilza Mohd Mokhtar Norfilza Mohd Mokhtar Mohd Fyzal Bahrudin Nazierah Abd Ghani Rafiz Abdul Rani Raja Affendi Raja Ali Raja Affendi Raja Ali |
| author_sort | Norfilza Mohd Mokhtar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may have some form of affective disorders that may worsen their symptoms. Lack of screening among IBS patients is one of the reasons for depression unawareness among healthcare providers. The present study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of depression among patients with constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C). A total of 240 IBS patients who fulfilled Rome III criteria were enrolled. The psychiatric assessment was evaluated using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Revised (CESD-R). Twenty items in CESD-R scale measured symptoms of depression in nine separate groups. Patients were categorized into five different subgroups: major depressive episode, probable major depressive episode, possible major depressive episode, subthreshold depressive symptoms, and without clinical significance of depression. Out of the 240 patients with IBS-C, the majority (n = 161, 67.1%) had no clinical significance of depression. Seventy seven (32.1%) had subthreshold depression and only two (0.83%) patients were regarded as having probable a major depressive episode. No patient was categorized into a major or possible major depressive episode. The prevalence of subthreshold depression was the highest among female (72.3%) patients with 51.1% being single, 44.7% were married, and 4.3% were divorcees. When stratified according to ethnicity, subthreshold depression was highly prevalent among Malays (76.6%), followed by Chinese (19.2%), and Indians (2.1%). A high percentage of the patients were found to be non-smokers (93.6%) and had lower income of less than RM 5000 (USD 1250) per month (89.4%). The moderately high prevalence of subthreshold depression among patients with IBS, justifies psychological evaluation in all patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T00:49:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4efd2e8ec3c54d83a2c2540ca8cc6978 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-1078 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T00:49:40Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-4efd2e8ec3c54d83a2c2540ca8cc69782022-12-22T02:21:51ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychology1664-10782020-08-011110.3389/fpsyg.2020.01936521059Prevalence of Subthreshold Depression Among Constipation-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome PatientsNorfilza Mohd Mokhtar0Norfilza Mohd Mokhtar1Mohd Fyzal Bahrudin2Nazierah Abd Ghani3Rafiz Abdul Rani4Raja Affendi Raja Ali5Raja Affendi Raja Ali6GUT Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaGastroenterology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh, MalaysiaGUT Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaPatients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may have some form of affective disorders that may worsen their symptoms. Lack of screening among IBS patients is one of the reasons for depression unawareness among healthcare providers. The present study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of depression among patients with constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C). A total of 240 IBS patients who fulfilled Rome III criteria were enrolled. The psychiatric assessment was evaluated using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale Revised (CESD-R). Twenty items in CESD-R scale measured symptoms of depression in nine separate groups. Patients were categorized into five different subgroups: major depressive episode, probable major depressive episode, possible major depressive episode, subthreshold depressive symptoms, and without clinical significance of depression. Out of the 240 patients with IBS-C, the majority (n = 161, 67.1%) had no clinical significance of depression. Seventy seven (32.1%) had subthreshold depression and only two (0.83%) patients were regarded as having probable a major depressive episode. No patient was categorized into a major or possible major depressive episode. The prevalence of subthreshold depression was the highest among female (72.3%) patients with 51.1% being single, 44.7% were married, and 4.3% were divorcees. When stratified according to ethnicity, subthreshold depression was highly prevalent among Malays (76.6%), followed by Chinese (19.2%), and Indians (2.1%). A high percentage of the patients were found to be non-smokers (93.6%) and had lower income of less than RM 5000 (USD 1250) per month (89.4%). The moderately high prevalence of subthreshold depression among patients with IBS, justifies psychological evaluation in all patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01936/fullirritable bowel syndromeconstipationdepressiongut-brain axissubthreshold depression |
| spellingShingle | Norfilza Mohd Mokhtar Norfilza Mohd Mokhtar Mohd Fyzal Bahrudin Nazierah Abd Ghani Rafiz Abdul Rani Raja Affendi Raja Ali Raja Affendi Raja Ali Prevalence of Subthreshold Depression Among Constipation-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients Frontiers in Psychology irritable bowel syndrome constipation depression gut-brain axis subthreshold depression |
| title | Prevalence of Subthreshold Depression Among Constipation-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients |
| title_full | Prevalence of Subthreshold Depression Among Constipation-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of Subthreshold Depression Among Constipation-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of Subthreshold Depression Among Constipation-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients |
| title_short | Prevalence of Subthreshold Depression Among Constipation-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients |
| title_sort | prevalence of subthreshold depression among constipation predominant irritable bowel syndrome patients |
| topic | irritable bowel syndrome constipation depression gut-brain axis subthreshold depression |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01936/full |
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