Trends of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Rifampicin resistance in Northwest Ethiopia: Xpert® MTB/RIF assay results from 2015 to 2021
Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in countries with limited resources. The emergence of drug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), particularly rifampicin (RIF) resistance, hindered TB control efforts....
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| Format: | Article |
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BMC
2024-02-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-09135-0 |
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| author | Sirak Biset Milto Teferi Haylemesikel Alamirew Biniyam Birhanu Awoke Dessie Abebe Aschale Anmaw Haymanot Selamu Dejenie Teshager Gebremedhin Wondwossen Abebe Gashaw Adane |
| author_facet | Sirak Biset Milto Teferi Haylemesikel Alamirew Biniyam Birhanu Awoke Dessie Abebe Aschale Anmaw Haymanot Selamu Dejenie Teshager Gebremedhin Wondwossen Abebe Gashaw Adane |
| author_sort | Sirak Biset |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in countries with limited resources. The emergence of drug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), particularly rifampicin (RIF) resistance, hindered TB control efforts. Continuous surveillance and regular monitoring of drug-resistant TB, including rifampicin resistance (RR), are required for effective TB intervention strategies and prevention and control measures. Objective Determine the trend of TB and RR-TB among presumptive TB patients in Northwest Ethiopia. Method A retrospective study was conducted at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (UoG-CSH). The study included TB registration logbook data from all patients who visited the hospital and were tested for MTB using the Xpert® MTB/RIF assay between 2015 and 2021. The SPSS version 26 software was used to enter, clean, and analyze the laboratory-based data. Results A total of 18,787 patient results were included, with 93.8% (17,615/18787) of them being successful, meaning they were not invalid, error, or aborted. About 10.5% (1846/17615) of the 17,615 results were MTB-positive, with 7.42% (137/1846) RIF resistant. Age, anti-TB treatment history, and diagnosis year were associated with the presence of MTB and RR-MTB. Tuberculosis (TB) prevalence was higher in productive age groups, whereas RR-TB prevalence was higher in the elderly. Regarding diagnosis year, the prevalence of TB and RR-TB showed a declining trend as the year progressed. While MTB was detected in 12.8% (471/3669) of new and 22.2% (151/679) of re-treatment presumptive TB patients, RR-MTB was detected in 8.5% (40/471) of new and 18.5% (28/151) of re-treatment TB cases. Conclusion The prevalence of TB and RR-TB in the study area showed a declining trend over the years. While TB was more prevalent in productive age groups (15 to 45 years), RR-TB was more prevalent in older populations (over 45 years), than others. Moreover, patients with a history of anti-TB drug exposure were more likely to be positive for DR-TB, highlighting the need to strengthen DOT programs for proper management of TB treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:17:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4f0d37064eab4b9c98b34513e581dfe8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:17:57Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-4f0d37064eab4b9c98b34513e581dfe82024-03-05T17:48:52ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342024-02-012411910.1186/s12879-024-09135-0Trends of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Rifampicin resistance in Northwest Ethiopia: Xpert® MTB/RIF assay results from 2015 to 2021Sirak Biset0Milto Teferi1Haylemesikel Alamirew2Biniyam Birhanu3Awoke Dessie4Abebe Aschale5Anmaw Haymanot6Selamu Dejenie7Teshager Gebremedhin8Wondwossen Abebe9Gashaw Adane10Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of GondarSchool of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of GondarSchool of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of GondarSchool of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of GondarSchool of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of GondarSchool of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of GondarSchool of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of GondarUniversity of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, University of GondarUniversity of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, University of GondarDepartment of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of GondarDepartment of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of GondarAbstract Background Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in countries with limited resources. The emergence of drug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), particularly rifampicin (RIF) resistance, hindered TB control efforts. Continuous surveillance and regular monitoring of drug-resistant TB, including rifampicin resistance (RR), are required for effective TB intervention strategies and prevention and control measures. Objective Determine the trend of TB and RR-TB among presumptive TB patients in Northwest Ethiopia. Method A retrospective study was conducted at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (UoG-CSH). The study included TB registration logbook data from all patients who visited the hospital and were tested for MTB using the Xpert® MTB/RIF assay between 2015 and 2021. The SPSS version 26 software was used to enter, clean, and analyze the laboratory-based data. Results A total of 18,787 patient results were included, with 93.8% (17,615/18787) of them being successful, meaning they were not invalid, error, or aborted. About 10.5% (1846/17615) of the 17,615 results were MTB-positive, with 7.42% (137/1846) RIF resistant. Age, anti-TB treatment history, and diagnosis year were associated with the presence of MTB and RR-MTB. Tuberculosis (TB) prevalence was higher in productive age groups, whereas RR-TB prevalence was higher in the elderly. Regarding diagnosis year, the prevalence of TB and RR-TB showed a declining trend as the year progressed. While MTB was detected in 12.8% (471/3669) of new and 22.2% (151/679) of re-treatment presumptive TB patients, RR-MTB was detected in 8.5% (40/471) of new and 18.5% (28/151) of re-treatment TB cases. Conclusion The prevalence of TB and RR-TB in the study area showed a declining trend over the years. While TB was more prevalent in productive age groups (15 to 45 years), RR-TB was more prevalent in older populations (over 45 years), than others. Moreover, patients with a history of anti-TB drug exposure were more likely to be positive for DR-TB, highlighting the need to strengthen DOT programs for proper management of TB treatment.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-09135-0TuberculosisRifampicin resistanceMulti-drug resistanceEthiopia |
| spellingShingle | Sirak Biset Milto Teferi Haylemesikel Alamirew Biniyam Birhanu Awoke Dessie Abebe Aschale Anmaw Haymanot Selamu Dejenie Teshager Gebremedhin Wondwossen Abebe Gashaw Adane Trends of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Rifampicin resistance in Northwest Ethiopia: Xpert® MTB/RIF assay results from 2015 to 2021 BMC Infectious Diseases Tuberculosis Rifampicin resistance Multi-drug resistance Ethiopia |
| title | Trends of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Rifampicin resistance in Northwest Ethiopia: Xpert® MTB/RIF assay results from 2015 to 2021 |
| title_full | Trends of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Rifampicin resistance in Northwest Ethiopia: Xpert® MTB/RIF assay results from 2015 to 2021 |
| title_fullStr | Trends of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Rifampicin resistance in Northwest Ethiopia: Xpert® MTB/RIF assay results from 2015 to 2021 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Trends of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Rifampicin resistance in Northwest Ethiopia: Xpert® MTB/RIF assay results from 2015 to 2021 |
| title_short | Trends of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Rifampicin resistance in Northwest Ethiopia: Xpert® MTB/RIF assay results from 2015 to 2021 |
| title_sort | trends of mycobacterium tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in northwest ethiopia xpert r mtb rif assay results from 2015 to 2021 |
| topic | Tuberculosis Rifampicin resistance Multi-drug resistance Ethiopia |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-024-09135-0 |
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