Health risk assessment of exposure to various vapors and fumes in a factory of automobile manufacturing
This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the health risk of exposure to various vapors and fumes in a factory of automobile manufacturing. This study was performed in 2021 on 115 workers. Vapors and fumes were gathered by the adsorbent tubes of activated charcoal and mixed cellulose esters (MCE)...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Heliyon |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023057912 |
| _version_ | 1797732991320981504 |
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| author | Amir Hossein Khoshakhlagh Saeid Yazdanirad Hamid Reza Saberi Pao-Chi Liao |
| author_facet | Amir Hossein Khoshakhlagh Saeid Yazdanirad Hamid Reza Saberi Pao-Chi Liao |
| author_sort | Amir Hossein Khoshakhlagh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the health risk of exposure to various vapors and fumes in a factory of automobile manufacturing. This study was performed in 2021 on 115 workers. Vapors and fumes were gathered by the adsorbent tubes of activated charcoal and mixed cellulose esters (MCE) membrane filter, respectively. The flow rate for vapors and fumes were between 0.05 and 0.20 L per min and 1 to 4 L per min, respectively. After preparing, samples were analyzed. To assess the non-cancer and cancer risk of the pollutants, the method proposed environmental protection agency (EPA) was applied. The total concentration of copper (1.031 ppm), manganese (0.114), and 2-butoxyethanol (91.767 ppm) were found to be higher than The threshold limit values (TLVs). The values of non-cancer risk (HQ) due to exposure to vapors of benzene (6.583), toluene (1.396), ethyl benzene (1.212), xylene (31.148), 2-butoxyethanol (89.302), 2-propanol (4.695), 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene (1.923), copper (2.336), manganese (715.82), aluminum (3.772), and chromium (107.066) were higher than the acceptable limit. Moreover, the estimated LCR for benzene (2.15 × 10−4), ethyl benzene (3.97 × 10−4), vinyl chloride (1.25 × 10−4), and chromium (2.11 × 10−2) were higher than the threshold risk level set by EPA. It is emphasized that preventive measures are performed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:22:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4f0d389e8e714cac8383a2f8432f342c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:22:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj.art-4f0d389e8e714cac8383a2f8432f342c2023-08-30T05:51:50ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402023-08-0198e18583Health risk assessment of exposure to various vapors and fumes in a factory of automobile manufacturingAmir Hossein Khoshakhlagh0Saeid Yazdanirad1Hamid Reza Saberi2Pao-Chi Liao3Department of Occupational Health, School of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IranSocial Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran; School of Health, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran; Corresponding author. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.Occupational Health & Safety Department, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IranDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 704, TaiwanThis study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the health risk of exposure to various vapors and fumes in a factory of automobile manufacturing. This study was performed in 2021 on 115 workers. Vapors and fumes were gathered by the adsorbent tubes of activated charcoal and mixed cellulose esters (MCE) membrane filter, respectively. The flow rate for vapors and fumes were between 0.05 and 0.20 L per min and 1 to 4 L per min, respectively. After preparing, samples were analyzed. To assess the non-cancer and cancer risk of the pollutants, the method proposed environmental protection agency (EPA) was applied. The total concentration of copper (1.031 ppm), manganese (0.114), and 2-butoxyethanol (91.767 ppm) were found to be higher than The threshold limit values (TLVs). The values of non-cancer risk (HQ) due to exposure to vapors of benzene (6.583), toluene (1.396), ethyl benzene (1.212), xylene (31.148), 2-butoxyethanol (89.302), 2-propanol (4.695), 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene (1.923), copper (2.336), manganese (715.82), aluminum (3.772), and chromium (107.066) were higher than the acceptable limit. Moreover, the estimated LCR for benzene (2.15 × 10−4), ethyl benzene (3.97 × 10−4), vinyl chloride (1.25 × 10−4), and chromium (2.11 × 10−2) were higher than the threshold risk level set by EPA. It is emphasized that preventive measures are performed.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023057912Risk assessmentCancerNon-cancerVaporsFumes automobile manufacturing |
| spellingShingle | Amir Hossein Khoshakhlagh Saeid Yazdanirad Hamid Reza Saberi Pao-Chi Liao Health risk assessment of exposure to various vapors and fumes in a factory of automobile manufacturing Heliyon Risk assessment Cancer Non-cancer Vapors Fumes automobile manufacturing |
| title | Health risk assessment of exposure to various vapors and fumes in a factory of automobile manufacturing |
| title_full | Health risk assessment of exposure to various vapors and fumes in a factory of automobile manufacturing |
| title_fullStr | Health risk assessment of exposure to various vapors and fumes in a factory of automobile manufacturing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Health risk assessment of exposure to various vapors and fumes in a factory of automobile manufacturing |
| title_short | Health risk assessment of exposure to various vapors and fumes in a factory of automobile manufacturing |
| title_sort | health risk assessment of exposure to various vapors and fumes in a factory of automobile manufacturing |
| topic | Risk assessment Cancer Non-cancer Vapors Fumes automobile manufacturing |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844023057912 |
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