The Role of Alcohol, LPS Toxicity, and ALDH2 in Dental Bony Defects
It is estimated that 560 million people carry an East Asian-specific ALDH2*2 dominant-negative mutation which leads to enzyme inactivation. This common ALDH2 polymorphism has a significant association with osteoporosis. We hypothesized that the ALDH2*2 mutation in conjunction with periodontal <i&...
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| Taal: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Reeks: | Biomolecules |
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| Online toegang: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/5/651 |
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| author | Hsiao-Cheng Tsai Che-Hong Chen Daria Mochly-Rosen Yi-Chen Ethan Li Min-Huey Chen |
| author_facet | Hsiao-Cheng Tsai Che-Hong Chen Daria Mochly-Rosen Yi-Chen Ethan Li Min-Huey Chen |
| author_sort | Hsiao-Cheng Tsai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | It is estimated that 560 million people carry an East Asian-specific ALDH2*2 dominant-negative mutation which leads to enzyme inactivation. This common ALDH2 polymorphism has a significant association with osteoporosis. We hypothesized that the ALDH2*2 mutation in conjunction with periodontal <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> bacterial infection and alcohol drinking had an inhibitory effect on osteoblasts and bone regeneration. We examined the prospective association of ALDH2 activity with the proliferation and mineralization potential of human osteoblasts in vitro. The ALDH2 knockdown experiments showed that the ALDH2 knockdown osteoblasts lost their proliferation and mineralization capability. To mimic dental bacterial infection, we compared the dental bony defects in wild-type mice and ALDH2*2 knockin mice after injection with purified lipopolysaccharides (LPS), derived from <i>P. gingivalis</i> which is a bacterial species known to cause periodontitis. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scan results indicated that bone regeneration was significantly affected in the ALDH2*2 knockin mice with about 20% more dental bony defects after LPS injection than the wild-type mice. Moreover, the ALDH2*2 knockin mutant mice had decreased osteoblast growth and more dental bone loss in the upper left jaw region after LPS injection. In conclusion, these results indicated that the ALDH2*2 mutation with alcohol drinking and chronic exposure to dental bacterial-derived toxin increased the risk of dental bone loss. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:51:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4f0ff3d0d65740f2893a5eb1142cb2d0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:51:59Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-4f0ff3d0d65740f2893a5eb1142cb2d02023-11-21T17:35:04ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2021-04-0111565110.3390/biom11050651The Role of Alcohol, LPS Toxicity, and ALDH2 in Dental Bony DefectsHsiao-Cheng Tsai0Che-Hong Chen1Daria Mochly-Rosen2Yi-Chen Ethan Li3Min-Huey Chen4Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, TaiwanDepartment of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USADepartment of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USADepartment of Chemical Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, TaiwanIt is estimated that 560 million people carry an East Asian-specific ALDH2*2 dominant-negative mutation which leads to enzyme inactivation. This common ALDH2 polymorphism has a significant association with osteoporosis. We hypothesized that the ALDH2*2 mutation in conjunction with periodontal <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> bacterial infection and alcohol drinking had an inhibitory effect on osteoblasts and bone regeneration. We examined the prospective association of ALDH2 activity with the proliferation and mineralization potential of human osteoblasts in vitro. The ALDH2 knockdown experiments showed that the ALDH2 knockdown osteoblasts lost their proliferation and mineralization capability. To mimic dental bacterial infection, we compared the dental bony defects in wild-type mice and ALDH2*2 knockin mice after injection with purified lipopolysaccharides (LPS), derived from <i>P. gingivalis</i> which is a bacterial species known to cause periodontitis. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scan results indicated that bone regeneration was significantly affected in the ALDH2*2 knockin mice with about 20% more dental bony defects after LPS injection than the wild-type mice. Moreover, the ALDH2*2 knockin mutant mice had decreased osteoblast growth and more dental bone loss in the upper left jaw region after LPS injection. In conclusion, these results indicated that the ALDH2*2 mutation with alcohol drinking and chronic exposure to dental bacterial-derived toxin increased the risk of dental bone loss.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/5/651ALDH2dental bone lossLPSalcoholperiodontal diseaseosteoblast |
| spellingShingle | Hsiao-Cheng Tsai Che-Hong Chen Daria Mochly-Rosen Yi-Chen Ethan Li Min-Huey Chen The Role of Alcohol, LPS Toxicity, and ALDH2 in Dental Bony Defects Biomolecules ALDH2 dental bone loss LPS alcohol periodontal disease osteoblast |
| title | The Role of Alcohol, LPS Toxicity, and ALDH2 in Dental Bony Defects |
| title_full | The Role of Alcohol, LPS Toxicity, and ALDH2 in Dental Bony Defects |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Alcohol, LPS Toxicity, and ALDH2 in Dental Bony Defects |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Alcohol, LPS Toxicity, and ALDH2 in Dental Bony Defects |
| title_short | The Role of Alcohol, LPS Toxicity, and ALDH2 in Dental Bony Defects |
| title_sort | role of alcohol lps toxicity and aldh2 in dental bony defects |
| topic | ALDH2 dental bone loss LPS alcohol periodontal disease osteoblast |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/5/651 |
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