Collision dynamics and reactions of fractional vortex molecules in coherently coupled Bose-Einstein condensates
Coherently coupled two-component Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) exhibit vortex confinement resembling quark confinement in quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Fractionally quantized vortices winding only in one of two components are attached by solitons, and they cannot stably exist alone. Possible stabl...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
American Physical Society
2020-09-01
|
| Series: | Physical Review Research |
| Online Access: | http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.033373 |
| _version_ | 1797211260843982848 |
|---|---|
| author | Minoru Eto Kazuki Ikeno Muneto Nitta |
| author_facet | Minoru Eto Kazuki Ikeno Muneto Nitta |
| author_sort | Minoru Eto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Coherently coupled two-component Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) exhibit vortex confinement resembling quark confinement in quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Fractionally quantized vortices winding only in one of two components are attached by solitons, and they cannot stably exist alone. Possible stable states are “hadrons” either of mesonic type, i.e., molecules made of a vortex and antivortex in the same component connected by a soliton, or of baryonic type, i.e., molecules made of two vortices winding in two different components connected by a soliton. Mesonic molecules move straight with a constant velocity while baryonic molecules rotate. We numerically simulate collision dynamics of mesonic and baryonic molecules and find that the molecules swap partners in collisions in general like chemical and nuclear reactions, as well as summarizing all collisions as vortex reactions, and describe those by Feynman diagrams. We find a selection rule for final states after collisions of vortex molecules, analogous to that for collisions of hadrons in QCD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:23:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4f2a5f9e1977400d8bc0f96f85c66e6f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2643-1564 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:23:40Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | American Physical Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Physical Review Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-4f2a5f9e1977400d8bc0f96f85c66e6f2024-04-12T17:00:08ZengAmerican Physical SocietyPhysical Review Research2643-15642020-09-012303337310.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.033373Collision dynamics and reactions of fractional vortex molecules in coherently coupled Bose-Einstein condensatesMinoru EtoKazuki IkenoMuneto NittaCoherently coupled two-component Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) exhibit vortex confinement resembling quark confinement in quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Fractionally quantized vortices winding only in one of two components are attached by solitons, and they cannot stably exist alone. Possible stable states are “hadrons” either of mesonic type, i.e., molecules made of a vortex and antivortex in the same component connected by a soliton, or of baryonic type, i.e., molecules made of two vortices winding in two different components connected by a soliton. Mesonic molecules move straight with a constant velocity while baryonic molecules rotate. We numerically simulate collision dynamics of mesonic and baryonic molecules and find that the molecules swap partners in collisions in general like chemical and nuclear reactions, as well as summarizing all collisions as vortex reactions, and describe those by Feynman diagrams. We find a selection rule for final states after collisions of vortex molecules, analogous to that for collisions of hadrons in QCD.http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.033373 |
| spellingShingle | Minoru Eto Kazuki Ikeno Muneto Nitta Collision dynamics and reactions of fractional vortex molecules in coherently coupled Bose-Einstein condensates Physical Review Research |
| title | Collision dynamics and reactions of fractional vortex molecules in coherently coupled Bose-Einstein condensates |
| title_full | Collision dynamics and reactions of fractional vortex molecules in coherently coupled Bose-Einstein condensates |
| title_fullStr | Collision dynamics and reactions of fractional vortex molecules in coherently coupled Bose-Einstein condensates |
| title_full_unstemmed | Collision dynamics and reactions of fractional vortex molecules in coherently coupled Bose-Einstein condensates |
| title_short | Collision dynamics and reactions of fractional vortex molecules in coherently coupled Bose-Einstein condensates |
| title_sort | collision dynamics and reactions of fractional vortex molecules in coherently coupled bose einstein condensates |
| url | http://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.2.033373 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT minorueto collisiondynamicsandreactionsoffractionalvortexmoleculesincoherentlycoupledboseeinsteincondensates AT kazukiikeno collisiondynamicsandreactionsoffractionalvortexmoleculesincoherentlycoupledboseeinsteincondensates AT munetonitta collisiondynamicsandreactionsoffractionalvortexmoleculesincoherentlycoupledboseeinsteincondensates |