Beyond the Extra Respiration of Phagocytosis: NADPH Oxidase 2 in Adaptive Immunity and Inflammation
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from the phagocyte NADPH oxidase (NOX2) are essential for host defence and immunoregulation. Their levels must be tightly controlled. ROS are required to prevent infection and are used in signalling to regulate several processes that are essential for normal imm...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.733918/full |
| _version_ | 1830447838556848128 |
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| author | Paige M. Mortimer Stacey A. Mc Intyre David C. Thomas |
| author_facet | Paige M. Mortimer Stacey A. Mc Intyre David C. Thomas |
| author_sort | Paige M. Mortimer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from the phagocyte NADPH oxidase (NOX2) are essential for host defence and immunoregulation. Their levels must be tightly controlled. ROS are required to prevent infection and are used in signalling to regulate several processes that are essential for normal immunity. A lack of ROS then leads to immunodeficiency and autoinflammation. However, excess ROS are also deleterious, damaging tissues by causing oxidative stress. In this review, we focus on two particular aspects of ROS biology: (i) the emerging understanding that NOX2-derived ROS play a pivotal role in the development and maintenance of adaptive immunity and (ii) the effects of excess ROS in systemic disease and how limiting ROS might represent a therapeutic avenue in limiting excess inflammation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T07:29:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4f32564fc2aa4ec89f6e404ed1516810 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T07:29:29Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-4f32564fc2aa4ec89f6e404ed15168102022-12-21T19:11:36ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242021-09-011210.3389/fimmu.2021.733918733918Beyond the Extra Respiration of Phagocytosis: NADPH Oxidase 2 in Adaptive Immunity and InflammationPaige M. MortimerStacey A. Mc IntyreDavid C. ThomasReactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from the phagocyte NADPH oxidase (NOX2) are essential for host defence and immunoregulation. Their levels must be tightly controlled. ROS are required to prevent infection and are used in signalling to regulate several processes that are essential for normal immunity. A lack of ROS then leads to immunodeficiency and autoinflammation. However, excess ROS are also deleterious, damaging tissues by causing oxidative stress. In this review, we focus on two particular aspects of ROS biology: (i) the emerging understanding that NOX2-derived ROS play a pivotal role in the development and maintenance of adaptive immunity and (ii) the effects of excess ROS in systemic disease and how limiting ROS might represent a therapeutic avenue in limiting excess inflammation.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.733918/fullNOX2ROSCGDoxidative stresssystemic inflammation |
| spellingShingle | Paige M. Mortimer Stacey A. Mc Intyre David C. Thomas Beyond the Extra Respiration of Phagocytosis: NADPH Oxidase 2 in Adaptive Immunity and Inflammation Frontiers in Immunology NOX2 ROS CGD oxidative stress systemic inflammation |
| title | Beyond the Extra Respiration of Phagocytosis: NADPH Oxidase 2 in Adaptive Immunity and Inflammation |
| title_full | Beyond the Extra Respiration of Phagocytosis: NADPH Oxidase 2 in Adaptive Immunity and Inflammation |
| title_fullStr | Beyond the Extra Respiration of Phagocytosis: NADPH Oxidase 2 in Adaptive Immunity and Inflammation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Beyond the Extra Respiration of Phagocytosis: NADPH Oxidase 2 in Adaptive Immunity and Inflammation |
| title_short | Beyond the Extra Respiration of Phagocytosis: NADPH Oxidase 2 in Adaptive Immunity and Inflammation |
| title_sort | beyond the extra respiration of phagocytosis nadph oxidase 2 in adaptive immunity and inflammation |
| topic | NOX2 ROS CGD oxidative stress systemic inflammation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.733918/full |
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