Thermal Tolerance Data and Molecular Identification Are Useful for the Diagnosis, Control and Modeling of Diseases Caused by <i>Thielaviopsis paradoxa</i>
Several economically important diseases of forest trees and agricultural crops in many parts of the world have been linked to the ascomycete fungal pathogen <i>Thielaviopsis paradoxa</i>. This study compared the growth rate of 41 isolates of <i>T. paradoxa</i> sourced from di...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/5/727 |
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| author | Abiodun Abeeb Azeez Daniel Ofeoritse Esiegbuya Emad Jaber Wenzi Ren Adebola Azeez Lateef Amarachi Ojieabu Fred O. Asiegbu |
| author_facet | Abiodun Abeeb Azeez Daniel Ofeoritse Esiegbuya Emad Jaber Wenzi Ren Adebola Azeez Lateef Amarachi Ojieabu Fred O. Asiegbu |
| author_sort | Abiodun Abeeb Azeez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Several economically important diseases of forest trees and agricultural crops in many parts of the world have been linked to the ascomycete fungal pathogen <i>Thielaviopsis paradoxa</i>. This study compared the growth rate of 41 isolates of <i>T. paradoxa</i> sourced from different hosts and two countries (Nigeria and Papua New Guinea (PNG)) under six temperature levels (22 °C, 25 °C, 30 °C, 32 °C, 34 °C and 35 °C). Phylogenetic relationships were obtained from the analysis of their nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed sequence (ITS) data. While all the isolates from PNG and few from Nigeria grew optimally between 22 °C and 32 °C, the majority had their highest growth rate (2.9 cm/day) between 25 °C and 32 °C. Growth performances were generally low between 34 °C and 35 °C; no isolate from the sugar cane grew at these high temperatures. The oil palm isolate DA029 was the most resilient, with the highest growth rate (0.97 cm/day) at 35 °C. Phylogenetic analysis delineated five clusters: a very large clade which accommodates the majority (30 Nigerian and 3 PNG oil palm isolates) and four small clades containing two members each. To a large extent, the clustering pattern failed to address the temperature–isolate relationship observed. However, only the four small clades represent isolates with similar temperature tolerances. It is most likely that wider and robust analyses with more diverse isolates and genetic markers will provide better insight on thermal resilience of <i>T. paradoxa</i>. Additionally, future research to establish relationships between vegetative growth at different temperatures and of different pathogenicity and disease epidemiology merits being explored. The results might provide useful information for the formulation of effective management and control strategies against the pathogen, especially in this era of climate change. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:25:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-4f35c781b1674aad9369c6e8d8173f932023-11-18T02:47:30ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172023-05-0112572710.3390/pathogens12050727Thermal Tolerance Data and Molecular Identification Are Useful for the Diagnosis, Control and Modeling of Diseases Caused by <i>Thielaviopsis paradoxa</i>Abiodun Abeeb Azeez0Daniel Ofeoritse Esiegbuya1Emad Jaber2Wenzi Ren3Adebola Azeez Lateef4Amarachi Ojieabu5Fred O. Asiegbu6Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Latokartanonkaari 7, P.O. Box 27, 00014 Helsinki, FinlandPathology Division, Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research (NIFOR), Benin City P.M.B 1030, NigeriaCrop Protection Department, PNG Oil Palm Research Association (PNGOPRA), Dami Research Station, Kimbe P.O. Box 97, Papua New GuineaDepartment of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Latokartanonkaari 7, P.O. Box 27, 00014 Helsinki, FinlandDepartment of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Latokartanonkaari 7, P.O. Box 27, 00014 Helsinki, FinlandPathology Division, Nigerian Institute for Oil Palm Research (NIFOR), Benin City P.M.B 1030, NigeriaDepartment of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Latokartanonkaari 7, P.O. Box 27, 00014 Helsinki, FinlandSeveral economically important diseases of forest trees and agricultural crops in many parts of the world have been linked to the ascomycete fungal pathogen <i>Thielaviopsis paradoxa</i>. This study compared the growth rate of 41 isolates of <i>T. paradoxa</i> sourced from different hosts and two countries (Nigeria and Papua New Guinea (PNG)) under six temperature levels (22 °C, 25 °C, 30 °C, 32 °C, 34 °C and 35 °C). Phylogenetic relationships were obtained from the analysis of their nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed sequence (ITS) data. While all the isolates from PNG and few from Nigeria grew optimally between 22 °C and 32 °C, the majority had their highest growth rate (2.9 cm/day) between 25 °C and 32 °C. Growth performances were generally low between 34 °C and 35 °C; no isolate from the sugar cane grew at these high temperatures. The oil palm isolate DA029 was the most resilient, with the highest growth rate (0.97 cm/day) at 35 °C. Phylogenetic analysis delineated five clusters: a very large clade which accommodates the majority (30 Nigerian and 3 PNG oil palm isolates) and four small clades containing two members each. To a large extent, the clustering pattern failed to address the temperature–isolate relationship observed. However, only the four small clades represent isolates with similar temperature tolerances. It is most likely that wider and robust analyses with more diverse isolates and genetic markers will provide better insight on thermal resilience of <i>T. paradoxa</i>. Additionally, future research to establish relationships between vegetative growth at different temperatures and of different pathogenicity and disease epidemiology merits being explored. The results might provide useful information for the formulation of effective management and control strategies against the pathogen, especially in this era of climate change.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/5/727<i>Ceratocystis paradoxa</i>disease managementgrowth rateoptimum temperaturepathogen |
| spellingShingle | Abiodun Abeeb Azeez Daniel Ofeoritse Esiegbuya Emad Jaber Wenzi Ren Adebola Azeez Lateef Amarachi Ojieabu Fred O. Asiegbu Thermal Tolerance Data and Molecular Identification Are Useful for the Diagnosis, Control and Modeling of Diseases Caused by <i>Thielaviopsis paradoxa</i> Pathogens <i>Ceratocystis paradoxa</i> disease management growth rate optimum temperature pathogen |
| title | Thermal Tolerance Data and Molecular Identification Are Useful for the Diagnosis, Control and Modeling of Diseases Caused by <i>Thielaviopsis paradoxa</i> |
| title_full | Thermal Tolerance Data and Molecular Identification Are Useful for the Diagnosis, Control and Modeling of Diseases Caused by <i>Thielaviopsis paradoxa</i> |
| title_fullStr | Thermal Tolerance Data and Molecular Identification Are Useful for the Diagnosis, Control and Modeling of Diseases Caused by <i>Thielaviopsis paradoxa</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thermal Tolerance Data and Molecular Identification Are Useful for the Diagnosis, Control and Modeling of Diseases Caused by <i>Thielaviopsis paradoxa</i> |
| title_short | Thermal Tolerance Data and Molecular Identification Are Useful for the Diagnosis, Control and Modeling of Diseases Caused by <i>Thielaviopsis paradoxa</i> |
| title_sort | thermal tolerance data and molecular identification are useful for the diagnosis control and modeling of diseases caused by i thielaviopsis paradoxa i |
| topic | <i>Ceratocystis paradoxa</i> disease management growth rate optimum temperature pathogen |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/12/5/727 |
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