Characterization of Bioactive Compounds and Novel Proteins Derived from Promising Source <i>Citrullus colocynthis</i> along with In-Vitro and In-Vivo Activities
Herbal products are preferable to synthetic medicines, and the use of traditional medicines is increasing day-by-day. The current study was designed to evaluate the potentials of bioactive compounds from <i>Citrullus colocynthis</i> by performing FTIR, HPLC, and GC-MS analyses, which exp...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/4/1743 |
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| author | Muhammad Afzal Anis Shahzad Khan Basit Zeshan Muhammad Riaz Umer Ejaz Ayesha Saleem Rida Zaineb Haseeb Akram Sindhu Chan Yean Yean Naveed Ahmed |
| author_facet | Muhammad Afzal Anis Shahzad Khan Basit Zeshan Muhammad Riaz Umer Ejaz Ayesha Saleem Rida Zaineb Haseeb Akram Sindhu Chan Yean Yean Naveed Ahmed |
| author_sort | Muhammad Afzal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Herbal products are preferable to synthetic medicines, and the use of traditional medicines is increasing day-by-day. The current study was designed to evaluate the potentials of bioactive compounds from <i>Citrullus colocynthis</i> by performing FTIR, HPLC, and GC-MS analyses, which explore the good concentration of the secondary metabolites, such as gallic acid (74.854 ppm), vanillic acid (122.616 ppm), and ferulic acid (101.045 ppm) with considerable bioactivities. Antimicrobial protein was estimated by performing SDS-PAGE, ranging from 15 to 70 kDa in all protein fractions. The current study also checked the cytotoxicity of the bioactive compounds in the active fraction of <i>C. colocynthis</i>, and to perform this activity, the groups of rats were arranged with 16 rats randomly divided into four groups (three experimental and one control) by administering various dosage of methanolic fractions in dose-dependent manner. Histopathology was conducted on the livers of the rats after 15 days of sacrifice under deep anesthesia. In liver cell slides examined at the maximum dose of 600 mg/kg, minimal morphological changes, such as slight ballooning, nuclear variation, vacuolar degeneration, and hydropic degeneration, were observed. Furthermore, the in silico analysis identified bioactive compounds as potential drug candidates. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:20:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4f42d3ea9f0c4742b4c61539b791ffc0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:20:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-4f42d3ea9f0c4742b4c61539b791ffc02023-11-16T22:22:37ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-02-01284174310.3390/molecules28041743Characterization of Bioactive Compounds and Novel Proteins Derived from Promising Source <i>Citrullus colocynthis</i> along with In-Vitro and In-Vivo ActivitiesMuhammad Afzal0Anis Shahzad Khan1Basit Zeshan2Muhammad Riaz3Umer Ejaz4Ayesha Saleem5Rida Zaineb6Haseeb Akram Sindhu7Chan Yean Yean8Naveed Ahmed9Department of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, PakistanDepartment of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, PakistanFaculty of Sustainable Agriculture, Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Sandakan 90509, Sabah, MalaysiaDepartment of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, PakistanDepartment of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, PakistanDepartment of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, PakistanDepartment of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, PakistanDepartment of Basic and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54000, PakistanDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, MalaysiaDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, MalaysiaHerbal products are preferable to synthetic medicines, and the use of traditional medicines is increasing day-by-day. The current study was designed to evaluate the potentials of bioactive compounds from <i>Citrullus colocynthis</i> by performing FTIR, HPLC, and GC-MS analyses, which explore the good concentration of the secondary metabolites, such as gallic acid (74.854 ppm), vanillic acid (122.616 ppm), and ferulic acid (101.045 ppm) with considerable bioactivities. Antimicrobial protein was estimated by performing SDS-PAGE, ranging from 15 to 70 kDa in all protein fractions. The current study also checked the cytotoxicity of the bioactive compounds in the active fraction of <i>C. colocynthis</i>, and to perform this activity, the groups of rats were arranged with 16 rats randomly divided into four groups (three experimental and one control) by administering various dosage of methanolic fractions in dose-dependent manner. Histopathology was conducted on the livers of the rats after 15 days of sacrifice under deep anesthesia. In liver cell slides examined at the maximum dose of 600 mg/kg, minimal morphological changes, such as slight ballooning, nuclear variation, vacuolar degeneration, and hydropic degeneration, were observed. Furthermore, the in silico analysis identified bioactive compounds as potential drug candidates.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/4/1743<i>Citrullus colocynthis</i>histopathologysecondary metabolitesantioxidantantidiabeticin silico analysis |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Afzal Anis Shahzad Khan Basit Zeshan Muhammad Riaz Umer Ejaz Ayesha Saleem Rida Zaineb Haseeb Akram Sindhu Chan Yean Yean Naveed Ahmed Characterization of Bioactive Compounds and Novel Proteins Derived from Promising Source <i>Citrullus colocynthis</i> along with In-Vitro and In-Vivo Activities Molecules <i>Citrullus colocynthis</i> histopathology secondary metabolites antioxidant antidiabetic in silico analysis |
| title | Characterization of Bioactive Compounds and Novel Proteins Derived from Promising Source <i>Citrullus colocynthis</i> along with In-Vitro and In-Vivo Activities |
| title_full | Characterization of Bioactive Compounds and Novel Proteins Derived from Promising Source <i>Citrullus colocynthis</i> along with In-Vitro and In-Vivo Activities |
| title_fullStr | Characterization of Bioactive Compounds and Novel Proteins Derived from Promising Source <i>Citrullus colocynthis</i> along with In-Vitro and In-Vivo Activities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of Bioactive Compounds and Novel Proteins Derived from Promising Source <i>Citrullus colocynthis</i> along with In-Vitro and In-Vivo Activities |
| title_short | Characterization of Bioactive Compounds and Novel Proteins Derived from Promising Source <i>Citrullus colocynthis</i> along with In-Vitro and In-Vivo Activities |
| title_sort | characterization of bioactive compounds and novel proteins derived from promising source i citrullus colocynthis i along with in vitro and in vivo activities |
| topic | <i>Citrullus colocynthis</i> histopathology secondary metabolites antioxidant antidiabetic in silico analysis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/4/1743 |
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