Phosphatase activities and available nutrients in soil aggregates affected by straw returning to a calcareous soil under the maize–wheat cropping system
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different rates of straw returning on soil aggregate stability, phosphatase activities, and the available nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) within different soil aggregate sizes. The experiment included five treatments: 1) no straw returnin...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-07-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2023.1208323/full |
| _version_ | 1797771154536005632 |
|---|---|
| author | Xiang-Jie Lin Xiang-Jie Lin Guang-Na Zhang Zhen Wang Qing-Dian Han Peng Leng |
| author_facet | Xiang-Jie Lin Xiang-Jie Lin Guang-Na Zhang Zhen Wang Qing-Dian Han Peng Leng |
| author_sort | Xiang-Jie Lin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different rates of straw returning on soil aggregate stability, phosphatase activities, and the available nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) within different soil aggregate sizes. The experiment included five treatments: 1) no straw returning and no chemical fertilizer, 2) chemical fertilizer only (150 kg N ha-1, 75 kg P ha-1, and 75 kg K ha-1), 3) 20% straw returning with chemical fertilizer, 4) 60% straw returning with chemical fertilizer, and 5) 100% straw returning with chemical fertilizer. Soil samples were collected 3.5 years after the start of the experiment and separated into four aggregate sizes (<0.25 mm, 0.25–1 mm, 1–2 mm, and 2–7 mm) using the dry sieving method. Soil acid phosphomonoesterase (AcP) and alkaline phosphomonoesterase (AlP); phosphodiesterase (PD); pyrophosphatase (PrA) activities; and soil NO3−−N, NH4+−N, and resin-P were determined within soil aggregates. The results showed that straw returning rates did not significantly impact soil aggregate distribution. However, straw returning increased soil AcP, AlP, and PD in <2 mm aggregates, and high rates of straw returning led to high enzyme activities. Soil phosphatase activities were also higher in 1–2 mm aggregates. All straw returning and chemical fertilization treatments increased soil NO3−−N and resin-P concentrations but had much less effect on soil NH4+−N concentrations. Additionally, the study revealed that soil pH, the concentrations of NH4+−N, NO3−−N, resin-P, and CaCO3 significantly influenced soil phosphatase activities, but their impact varied across different sizes of aggregates. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T21:33:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-4f4898a100d6490da54896e0470ce1eb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-665X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T21:33:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Environmental Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-4f4898a100d6490da54896e0470ce1eb2023-07-27T14:57:17ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Environmental Science2296-665X2023-07-011110.3389/fenvs.2023.12083231208323Phosphatase activities and available nutrients in soil aggregates affected by straw returning to a calcareous soil under the maize–wheat cropping systemXiang-Jie Lin0Xiang-Jie Lin1Guang-Na Zhang2Zhen Wang3Qing-Dian Han4Peng Leng5Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Linyi, ChinaPhilippine Christian University Center for International Education, Manila, PhilippinesShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Linyi, ChinaSchool of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi, ChinaShandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Linyi, ChinaLinyi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Linyi, ChinaThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different rates of straw returning on soil aggregate stability, phosphatase activities, and the available nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) within different soil aggregate sizes. The experiment included five treatments: 1) no straw returning and no chemical fertilizer, 2) chemical fertilizer only (150 kg N ha-1, 75 kg P ha-1, and 75 kg K ha-1), 3) 20% straw returning with chemical fertilizer, 4) 60% straw returning with chemical fertilizer, and 5) 100% straw returning with chemical fertilizer. Soil samples were collected 3.5 years after the start of the experiment and separated into four aggregate sizes (<0.25 mm, 0.25–1 mm, 1–2 mm, and 2–7 mm) using the dry sieving method. Soil acid phosphomonoesterase (AcP) and alkaline phosphomonoesterase (AlP); phosphodiesterase (PD); pyrophosphatase (PrA) activities; and soil NO3−−N, NH4+−N, and resin-P were determined within soil aggregates. The results showed that straw returning rates did not significantly impact soil aggregate distribution. However, straw returning increased soil AcP, AlP, and PD in <2 mm aggregates, and high rates of straw returning led to high enzyme activities. Soil phosphatase activities were also higher in 1–2 mm aggregates. All straw returning and chemical fertilization treatments increased soil NO3−−N and resin-P concentrations but had much less effect on soil NH4+−N concentrations. Additionally, the study revealed that soil pH, the concentrations of NH4+−N, NO3−−N, resin-P, and CaCO3 significantly influenced soil phosphatase activities, but their impact varied across different sizes of aggregates.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2023.1208323/fullstraw returningsoil aggregatephosphomonoesterasephosphodiesterasepyrophosphatase |
| spellingShingle | Xiang-Jie Lin Xiang-Jie Lin Guang-Na Zhang Zhen Wang Qing-Dian Han Peng Leng Phosphatase activities and available nutrients in soil aggregates affected by straw returning to a calcareous soil under the maize–wheat cropping system Frontiers in Environmental Science straw returning soil aggregate phosphomonoesterase phosphodiesterase pyrophosphatase |
| title | Phosphatase activities and available nutrients in soil aggregates affected by straw returning to a calcareous soil under the maize–wheat cropping system |
| title_full | Phosphatase activities and available nutrients in soil aggregates affected by straw returning to a calcareous soil under the maize–wheat cropping system |
| title_fullStr | Phosphatase activities and available nutrients in soil aggregates affected by straw returning to a calcareous soil under the maize–wheat cropping system |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phosphatase activities and available nutrients in soil aggregates affected by straw returning to a calcareous soil under the maize–wheat cropping system |
| title_short | Phosphatase activities and available nutrients in soil aggregates affected by straw returning to a calcareous soil under the maize–wheat cropping system |
| title_sort | phosphatase activities and available nutrients in soil aggregates affected by straw returning to a calcareous soil under the maize wheat cropping system |
| topic | straw returning soil aggregate phosphomonoesterase phosphodiesterase pyrophosphatase |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2023.1208323/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xiangjielin phosphataseactivitiesandavailablenutrientsinsoilaggregatesaffectedbystrawreturningtoacalcareoussoilunderthemaizewheatcroppingsystem AT xiangjielin phosphataseactivitiesandavailablenutrientsinsoilaggregatesaffectedbystrawreturningtoacalcareoussoilunderthemaizewheatcroppingsystem AT guangnazhang phosphataseactivitiesandavailablenutrientsinsoilaggregatesaffectedbystrawreturningtoacalcareoussoilunderthemaizewheatcroppingsystem AT zhenwang phosphataseactivitiesandavailablenutrientsinsoilaggregatesaffectedbystrawreturningtoacalcareoussoilunderthemaizewheatcroppingsystem AT qingdianhan phosphataseactivitiesandavailablenutrientsinsoilaggregatesaffectedbystrawreturningtoacalcareoussoilunderthemaizewheatcroppingsystem AT pengleng phosphataseactivitiesandavailablenutrientsinsoilaggregatesaffectedbystrawreturningtoacalcareoussoilunderthemaizewheatcroppingsystem |