The Mechanism of the Anti-Obesity Effects of a Standardized <i>Brassica juncea</i> Extract in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes and High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6J Mice
Obesity is a global health concern. Recent research has suggested that the development of anti-obesity ingredients and functional foods should focus on natural products without side effects. We examined the effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of <i>Brassica juncea</i> extract (BJE) i...
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/6/846 |
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| author | June-Seok Lim Ji-Hyun Im Xionggao Han Xiao Men Geon Oh Xiaolu Fu Woonsang Hwang Sun-Il Choi Ok-Hwan Lee |
| author_facet | June-Seok Lim Ji-Hyun Im Xionggao Han Xiao Men Geon Oh Xiaolu Fu Woonsang Hwang Sun-Il Choi Ok-Hwan Lee |
| author_sort | June-Seok Lim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Obesity is a global health concern. Recent research has suggested that the development of anti-obesity ingredients and functional foods should focus on natural products without side effects. We examined the effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of <i>Brassica juncea</i> extract (BJE) in combating obesity via experiments conducted in both in vitro and in vivo obesity models. In in vitro experiments conducted in a controlled environment, the application of BJE demonstrated the ability to suppress the accumulation of lipids induced by MDI in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Additionally, it downregulated adipogenic-related proteins peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α (C/EBP-α), adipocyte protein 2 (aP2), and lipid synthesis-related protein acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). It also upregulated the heat generation protein peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and fatty acid oxidation protein carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1). The oral administration of BJE decreased body weight, alleviated liver damage, and inhibited the accumulation of lipids in mice with diet-induced obesity resulting from a high-fat diet. The inhibition of lipid accumulation by BJE in vivo was associated with a decreased expression of adipogenic and lipid synthesis proteins and an increased expression of heat generation and fatty acid oxidation proteins. BJE administration improved obesity by decreasing adipogenesis and activating heat generation and fatty acid oxidation in 3T3-L1 cells and in HFD-induced obese C57BL/6J mice. These results suggest that BJE shows potential as a natural method for preventing metabolic diseases associated with obesity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:57:08Z |
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| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:57:08Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
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| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-4f4924c56b494c6e9ec0fa3d2a0b8d422024-03-27T13:58:15ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432024-03-0116684610.3390/nu16060846The Mechanism of the Anti-Obesity Effects of a Standardized <i>Brassica juncea</i> Extract in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes and High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6J MiceJune-Seok Lim0Ji-Hyun Im1Xionggao Han2Xiao Men3Geon Oh4Xiaolu Fu5Woonsang Hwang6Sun-Il Choi7Ok-Hwan Lee8Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Food Biotechnology and Environmental Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of KoreaSTR Biotech Co., Ltd., Chuncheon 24232, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of KoreaObesity is a global health concern. Recent research has suggested that the development of anti-obesity ingredients and functional foods should focus on natural products without side effects. We examined the effectiveness and underlying mechanisms of <i>Brassica juncea</i> extract (BJE) in combating obesity via experiments conducted in both in vitro and in vivo obesity models. In in vitro experiments conducted in a controlled environment, the application of BJE demonstrated the ability to suppress the accumulation of lipids induced by MDI in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Additionally, it downregulated adipogenic-related proteins peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α (C/EBP-α), adipocyte protein 2 (aP2), and lipid synthesis-related protein acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). It also upregulated the heat generation protein peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and fatty acid oxidation protein carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1). The oral administration of BJE decreased body weight, alleviated liver damage, and inhibited the accumulation of lipids in mice with diet-induced obesity resulting from a high-fat diet. The inhibition of lipid accumulation by BJE in vivo was associated with a decreased expression of adipogenic and lipid synthesis proteins and an increased expression of heat generation and fatty acid oxidation proteins. BJE administration improved obesity by decreasing adipogenesis and activating heat generation and fatty acid oxidation in 3T3-L1 cells and in HFD-induced obese C57BL/6J mice. These results suggest that BJE shows potential as a natural method for preventing metabolic diseases associated with obesity.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/6/846standardized <i>Brassica juncea</i>3T3-L1C57BL/6Janti-obesitymechanism |
| spellingShingle | June-Seok Lim Ji-Hyun Im Xionggao Han Xiao Men Geon Oh Xiaolu Fu Woonsang Hwang Sun-Il Choi Ok-Hwan Lee The Mechanism of the Anti-Obesity Effects of a Standardized <i>Brassica juncea</i> Extract in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes and High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6J Mice Nutrients standardized <i>Brassica juncea</i> 3T3-L1 C57BL/6J anti-obesity mechanism |
| title | The Mechanism of the Anti-Obesity Effects of a Standardized <i>Brassica juncea</i> Extract in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes and High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6J Mice |
| title_full | The Mechanism of the Anti-Obesity Effects of a Standardized <i>Brassica juncea</i> Extract in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes and High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6J Mice |
| title_fullStr | The Mechanism of the Anti-Obesity Effects of a Standardized <i>Brassica juncea</i> Extract in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes and High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6J Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Mechanism of the Anti-Obesity Effects of a Standardized <i>Brassica juncea</i> Extract in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes and High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6J Mice |
| title_short | The Mechanism of the Anti-Obesity Effects of a Standardized <i>Brassica juncea</i> Extract in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes and High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6J Mice |
| title_sort | mechanism of the anti obesity effects of a standardized i brassica juncea i extract in 3t3 l1 preadipocytes and high fat diet induced obese c57bl 6j mice |
| topic | standardized <i>Brassica juncea</i> 3T3-L1 C57BL/6J anti-obesity mechanism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/6/846 |
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